Program Objectives Energy Services BENCH-SCALE PROCESS … · 2015. 7. 6. · Energy Services...
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1 DE-FE0013687 7/30/2014 • Develop a novel, CO 2 capture solvent with: • 90% Carbon capture efficiency • 25% Increase in capacity vs MEA • Less than 35% increase in Cost of Energy Services Program Objectives Program Objective: Develop novel solvent and process for post- combustion capture of CO 2 from coal-fired power plants with 90% Capture efficiency, and less than 35% increase in cost of electricity capture BENCH-SCALE PROCESS FOR LOW-COST CARBON DIOXIDE (CO 2 ) CAPTURE USING A PHASE- CHANGING ABSORBENT DE-FE0013687 GE Global Research Tiffany Westendorf 2015 NETL CO 2 Capture Technology Meeting June 24, 2015
Transcript of Program Objectives Energy Services BENCH-SCALE PROCESS … · 2015. 7. 6. · Energy Services...
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• Develop a novel, CO2
capture solvent with:
• 90% Carbon capture efficiency
• 25% Increase in capacity vs MEA
• Less than 35% increase in Cost of Energy Services
Program Objectives
Program Objective: Develop novel solvent and process for post-combustion capture of CO2 from coal-fired power plants with 90% Capture efficiency, and less than 35% increase in cost of electricity
capture
BENCH-SCALE PROCESS FOR LOW-COST CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2) CAPTURE USING A PHASE-
CHANGING ABSORBENT
DE-FE0013687
GE Global Research
Tiffany Westendorf
2015 NETL CO2 Capture Technology Meeting
June 24, 2015
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BENCH-SCALE PROCESS FOR CO2 CAPTURE
USING A PHASE-CHANGING ABSORBENT
$2.4M DOE share
1/1/2014 – 12/31/2016
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Chemistry of GAP-0 reaction with CO2
• Extensive screening of multiple solvents
• Absorbs CO2 very rapidly in the 40-50oC range
• High CO2 loading (>17% weight gain, >95% of theoretical value)
• Carbamate readily decarboxylates at higher temps
• Carbamate is solid new process configuration
2
3
5
Si
Me
Me
O Si
Me
Me
NH
H2N OH
O
Si
Me
Me
O Si
Me
Me
NH2H2N
CO2
-CO2
1
Si
Me
Me
O Si
Me
Me
NH
H3N O
OSi
Me
Me
O Si
Me
Me
NH
NH
O
O
O
O
Si
Me
Me
O Si
Me
Me
NH3H3N
4
intermolecular
H shift
intramolecular
H shift
GAP-0
GAP-0 carbamate salt
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0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
18%
0 2 4 6 8
mas
s %
CO
2ab
sorb
ed
CO2 partial pressure (bar)
GAP-0/CO2 Reaction Isotherms
45 C
100 C
140 C
160 C
GAP-0 Properties
0.0020 0.0022 0.0024 0.0026 0.0028 0.0030 0.0032 0.0034-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
ln(P
(psia
))
1/T (K)
MEA (lit)
MEA (exp)
MEA (calc)
GAP-0 (exp)
GAP-0 (calc)
M'D'M' (exp)
M'D'M' (calc)
DAB-0 (exp)
DAB-0 (calc)
• Lower vapor pressure vs. MEA
• Higher heat of reaction vs. MEA
• Lower heat capacity vs. MEA
• >11% Dynamic CO2 capacity @ 6 bara
absorb
desorb
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Phase-Changing CO2 Capture Process
1 Make the solid
(Spray absorption)
2 Move the solid
(Pressurized solids transport)
3 Regenerate the solvent
(CO2 desorption and solvent recycle)
1
2
3
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Risk Assessment
Absorber • Heat management • GAP-0 b-isomer • Atomizer fouling • Presence of water,
heat stable salts
Extruder • Heat management • Dynamic seal stability
Desorber
• Heat management • Corrosion
Project
• Solvent availability, cost • Expertise resources
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• Budget Period 1: Design and Build [2014]
• Spray absorber, extruder, desorber
• Preliminary Technical and Economic Assessment
• Go/No-go: 90% CO2 Capture, <$50/tonne CO2
• Budget Period 2: Unit Operations Testing [2015]
• Optimize individual unit operations separately
• Solvent manufacturability study and EH&S risk assessment
• Update Technical and Economic Assessment
• Go/No-go: 90% CO2 Capture, <$45/tonne CO2
• Budget Period 3: Continuous System Operation [2016]
• Integrate unit ops into continuous system, generate engineering data for scale-up
• Final Technical and Economic Assessment
• Goal: 90% CO2 Capture, <$40/tonne CO2
Project Structure
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Design and Build – Absorber
Gas supply system Spray absorber and liquid supply system
cyclone
Solids collection
Liquid supply
Spray
direction
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Design and Build – Extruder
K-Tron solids feeder and 25mm extruder, connected to desorber inlet
3-way valve
dieplate
inlet
desorber
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Design and Build – Desorber
Pressurized and atmospheric pressure desorbers
Heated
liquid
flowmeter
Desorber
Lean liquid
flowmeter
Gas flow
meters
Polisher
Humidity
sensors
Filters
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Bench Scale Experiment Plan
Absorber (2Q 2015) Extruder (3Q 2015) Desorber (4Q 2015)
Vary
•Gas inlet composition •Gas flow rate • Liquid flow rate •CO2 : GAP-0 mole
ratio •Atomizer type and
settings
• Solids flow rate • Screw RPM • Screw design •Barrel T profile •Outlet pressure
• Feed rate • Temperature •Pressure •Agitation rate •Residence time
Measure
•% CO2 capture •% GAP-0 conversion •Gas outlet T • Solids yield
•Maximum delivery pressure
•% GAP-0 conversion •CO2 flow rate
Optimize High % GAP-0 conversion (high quality solids)
High delivery pressure (stable solids seal)
•High CO2 desorbed at pressure •Complete solvent
regeneration for recycle
GE Internal - For internal distribution only. © 2015 General Electric Company - All rights reserved
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Absorber experiments to date
Solids production: 16-100% CO2, 50-200mL/min GAP-0, 100-200slm simulated flue gas
90-97% GAP-0 conversion
Limited atomizer fouling in 20min sprays
Solids can accumulate
around the hopper outlet Next: Continue with <16% CO2, establish operating window that yields solids
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$66.14
$50.78
$40
$45
$50
$55
$60
$65
$70
MEA Phase-ChangeProcess
Co
st o
f C
O2
Cap
ture
($
/to
nn
e)
Preliminary Process and Cost Modeling
Phase-changing aminosilicone process offers
substantially higher efficiency, lower cost vs. MEA
• Higher Efficiency
• Lower CapEx
• Higher Working Capacity
28.4%
30.2%
27.5%
28.0%
28.5%
29.0%
29.5%
30.0%
30.5%
MEA Phase-ChangeProcess
HH
V E
ffic
ien
cy (
%)
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BP1 Milestones and Success Criteria
BP1 Success Criteria Unit operations are built and operational
90% CO2 Capture, <$50/tonne CO2
Budget
PeriodTask Milestone Title/Description
Planned
Completion Date
Actual
Completion
Date
Verification Method Comments
1 1Updated Project Management
Plan1/31/2014 1/31/2014
Project Management
Plan file
1 1 Kickoff Meeting 12/31/2013 11/20/2013 Presentation file
1 2.1-2.2Preliminary process and cost
modeling complete3/31/2015 3/31/2015
Preliminary Process and
Cost Modeling Report
1 3.1 Absorber Built and Operational 12/31/2014 12/31/2014Research Performance
Progress Report file
1 3.2 Extruder Built and Operational 3/31/2015 3/31/2015Research Performance
Progress Report file
1 3.3 Desorber Built and Operational 12/31/2014 12/31/2014Research Performance
Progress Report file
1 3.4Integrated system design
complete3/31/2015 3/31/2015
Bench-Scale System
Design Topical report
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BP2 Milestones and Success Criteria
BP2 Success Criteria • >90% GAP-0 conversion in absorber, reactor T < 90°C
• <5% solids lost from absorber solids collection
• >90% of carbamate conversion dictated by isotherms at T, P in
pressurized desorber
• >95% of carbamate conversion in atmospheric desorber (polisher)
• 90% CO2 Capture, <$45/tonne CO2
Budget
PeriodTask Milestone Title/Description
Planned
Completion Date
Actual
Completion
Date
Verification Method Comments
2 4.2 Absorber Parameters Established 3/31/2016Unit Operations Testing
Topical report
2 4.2 Extruder Parameters Established 3/31/2016Unit Operations Testing
Topical report
2 4.2 Desorber Parameters Established 12/31/2015Unit Operations Testing
Topical report
2 4.5 Continuous System Assembled 3/31/2016Research Performance
Progress Report file
2 5.1Technology EH&S Risk
Assessment3/31/2016
EH&S Risk Assessment
Topical report
2 5.2 Preliminary cost study completed 3/31/2016Preliminary Cost Study
report
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Thank You
• NETL • Lynn Brickett, David Lang
• GE GRC Project Team • Mike Bowman, Joel Caraher, Wei Chen, Rachel Farnum, Mark Giammattei,
Terri Grocela-Rocha, Robert Perry, Surinder Singh, Norberto Silvi, Irina Spiry, Paul Wilson, Benjamin Wood
• Coperion • Paul Andersen, Eberhard Dieterich
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Acknowledgement . The information, data, or work presented herein was
funded in part by the Advanced Research Projects Agency – Energy (ARPA-E), U.S. Department of Energy, under Award Number DE-AR0000084 and DOE- NETL under Award Number DE-NT0005310.
Disclaimer. The information, data, or work presented herein was funded in
part by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does
not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof.
