Prof.ssa Elena INTORCIA. 2019.2020/Energy... · English Lecturen.8 29/04/2020 Prof.ssa Elena...

English Lecture n.8 29/04/2020

Prof.ssa Elena INTORCIA 1

ENGLISH COURSE

Prof.ssa

Elena INTORCIA

� Microlanguage: Green buildings

� Phonetics: Homophones

� Grammar Revision: Modal verbs



GREEN CITIES ECO-CENTERS

CAT

activities

location

mission

https://www.cat.org.uk/

The Eden

project

activities

location

mission

http://www.edenproject.com/



ACTIVITIES

Answer these questions, then use your answers to prepare a short presentation about either CAT or the Eden Project.

1. What is CAT?

2. What does it do?

3. How does it promote its ideas?

4. Is people’s support important? Why/Why not?

5. Visit CAT’s website - http://www.cat.org.uk/ - then find out more information you consider relevant for our environment and explain why.

6. Do you believe anything similar to CAT could be done in Italy? Why/Why not?

7. What is the Eden Project?

8. What kind of activities are carried out there?

9. Browse the Eden Project’s website http://www.edenproject.com/ and note down any information you consider relevant.

10.What are the similarities or the differences between CAT and the Eden project?

11.Which one do you prefer? Why?

12.Are there any environmental projects close to where you live? Briefly describe them.



https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6khq6JO67G8&feature=channel

Take notes about the following ideas:

-What does BEDZED stand for?

- What does this project consist of?

- How many houses are involved?

- What makes them so special, in terms of energy efficiency?



ero nergy evelopment



USEFUL PHRASES

�generated on site

� rainwater

�vegetable plots

�heat – heating

� to face the south

�north-facing

in loco, sul posto

acqua piovana

area per gli ortaggi

calore - riscaldamento

essere esposto a sud

esposto a nord

�hot water cylinder

� insulated pipes

�electricity consumption

�energy gain

caldaia

tubature/condutture isolate

consumo di elettricità

vantaggio energetico



GREEN BUILDINGS

Handout «Green issues» on

www.ing.unisannio.it/intorcia

UN 2030 agenda for sustainable development



Balance between the natural environment and the builtenvironment

Buildings can have both positive and negative effects on theirsurroundings as well as on the people who inhabit them every day.



Green building is a holistic concept that starts with the understanding that the built environment can have profound effects, both positive and negative, on the natural environment, as well as the people who inhabit buildings every day.

Green building is an effort to amplify the positive and mitigate the negative of these effects throughout the entire life cycle of a building.

Green building is generally meant as the planning, design, construction, and operations of buildings with several central, foremost considerations:

- energy use

- water use

- indoor environmental quality

- material section

- the building’s effects on its site.



WHAT IS A GREEN BUILDING?

A green building is an environmentally sustainable building, designed, constructed and operated to minimise the total environmental impacts.

Sustainable, or “green building”, design and construction provide an opportunity to use resources more efficiently, while creating healthier and more energy-efficient homes and commercial buildings.



Green buildings optimise energy efficiency, limit water consumption,

make maximum use of recycled, recyclable and non-toxic materials.

They also generate as little waste as possible during the

construction process and subsequent occupation.

In other words, green-building design involves finding the delicate balance between homebuilding and a sustainable environment.

Green building design elements include: foundations � electrical� plumbing � flooring � roofing � insulation � wall coverings �windows � acoustics � doors � finishing

The concept of “sustainable building”: reducing the harmful effect on the environment of buildings and construction activities.



GREEN BUILDING STRATEGIES

The main strategies to achieve a green building include:

- reduced energy consumption

- water conservation

- recycling waste



Well designed green buildings will save money, increase comfort and create healthier environments for people to live and work, using improved indoor air quality, natural daylight, and thermal comfort.

They will also involve 30-50% water saving, 20-30% energy saving, besides conserving natural scarce resources and generating less waste.

Energy use by depleting natural resources as well as CO2

emissions is one of our most important environmental impacts.

Volatile energy markets, rising energy costs and increasing environmental awareness about issues such as global warming make energy efficiency and conservation a high priority.



ENERGY CONSUMPTION

Energy consumption in a building can be measured in terms of kWh/m2 pa. The advantages are:

- allows comparisons to be made with other similar types of buildings

- simple to calculate

- only two variables — annual energy consumption and floor area

MONITORING ENERGY USE

Monitoring, analysing and reporting energy consumption are three essential elements of an effective energy management strategy.

Monitoring is the process of measuring and recording data.

Data analysis involves comparison of data with targets or benchmarks to assess performance.



A report can provide valuable information such as whether thebuilding is performing poorly compared with other similar buildings,identifying areas where energy efficiency could be implementedand how much money could be saved.

SPEAKING ACTIVITY. AN ORAL PRESENTATION.

� Choose a “green building” and describe it outlining its main features (designer,

location, concept, materials used, etc.).

� Include photos in your presentation.



7 More Building London

Known as London's most eco-friendly

building, the 40,000 sq ft floor space

is occupied by PwC.

The building is highly intelligent as

the IT system here allows every

worker to control the luminance and

temperature at their workstations.

This building has 4,500 seats and a

staff of 6,300 has been involved in

various initiatives like using 80 per

cent recycling waste, recycling

wasted heat to maintain the

temperature of the building, reusing

cooking oil and usage of solar

thermal panels on the rooftop.

GRAMMARREVISION



TRANSLATE

1. L’aereo era già partito quando il passeggero raggiunse l’aeroporto.

2. Gli studenti avevano aspettato in aula per più di mezz’ora quando il professore finalmente arrivò.

3. I viaggiatori avevano sempre desiderato esplorare nuove terre.

4. Per quanto tempo aveva studiato il russo prima di trasferirsi a Mosca?

5. I bambini stavano facendo i compiti quando tornai a casa.

TRANSLATION

The plane had already taken off/left when the passenger reached the airport.

The students had been waiting in the lecture-room for about half an hour when the professor finallyarrived.

1. L’aereo era già partito quando il passeggero raggiunse l’aeroporto.

2. Gli studenti avevano aspettato in aula per più di mezz’ora quando il professore finalmente arrivò.



Travellers had always wanted to explore new lands.

How long had he been studying Russian before he moved to Moscow?

The children were doing their homework when I came back home.

3. I viaggiatori avevano sempre desiderato esplorare nuove terre.

4. Per quanto tempo aveva studiato il russo prima di trasferirsi a Mosca?

5. I bambini stavano facendo i compiti quando tornai a casa.



I verbi modali inglesi sono can, could, may, might, must, need not, shall/will, should/ought to. Esprimono capacità, permesso, obbligo o dovere. In inglese i verbi modali non possono essere utilizzati in tutte le forme dei tempi composti. È quindi importante conoscere anche le forme che li sostituiscono.

In inglese in verbi modali vengono utilizzati normalmente solo al presente. Alla terza persona singolare i verbi modali non prendono

la s finale.

Esempio:

He must do what he is told. (NON: he musts)

Nelle forme negative e nelle domande non impieghiamo i verbi ausiliari.

Esempio:

Max must not touch any dangerous equipment.Can Max change a tyre?must not = non deve/gli è proibito



I verbi modali accompagnano sempre un altro verbo (tranne nelle Short answers e nelle Questiontags). Il verbo principale viene aggiunto sempre senza to.

Esempio:

Max can change tyres. (NON: Max can to change tyres.)

Utilizziamo i verbi modali per esprimere capacità, dare consigli, per chiedere o dare permessi, per esprimere obblighi e possibilità così come per fare

previsioni.

Quando si usano?



Negli altri tempi verbali si usa invece la forma alternativa be able to. Per il passato si usa could o la forma was/were able to.

Esempio:Tra due anni, sarò in grado di firmare un progetto. In two years’ time I’ll be able to sign a project.

Da bambino sapevo nuotare abbastanza bene.When I was a child, I could swim quite well.

May e might: possibility

Esempio:Può darsi che Mario vada al concerto. Mario may/might go to the concert.Maybe/Perhaps Mario will go to the concert.

Si usano per esprimere possibilità, incertezza. May esprime una possibilità maggiore rispetto a might. May e might si usano anche per fare delle previsioni sul futuro, ma esprimono incertezza.



must

� forte obbligo e avvisi formali

�una necessità auto-imposta

� raccomandazioni

� istruzioni ed ordini scritti

�divieto � mustn’t

You must respect the dress code.

I must study for tomorrow’s test.

You must watch this film. It’samazing!

Students must wear a uniform.

You mustn’t copy your homework!

have to

�obbligo imposto da regole o leggi

�necessità imposte da circostanze esterne

� assenza di obbligo �don’t/doesn’t have to

� sostituisce must in tutti gli altri tempi

Children have to start school at 5.

When driving, we have to wearthe safety belt.

On Sunday we don’t have to getup early.

Did you have to retake thisexam?

Will we have to book this examin advance?



TRANSLATE THESE SENTENCES

1. Devi ricordarti di pagare le tasse universitarie entro questo mese.

2. Gli studenti devono restituire (return) tutti i libri della biblioteca.

3. Mio padre lavora a Roma. Deve viaggiare ogni giorno.

4. Potrebbe essere il nuovo professore di Fisica ma non sono sicuro.

5. Ieri non sono riuscito a finire il test in tempo.

6. Non riuscirono a venire alla mia festa la settimana scorsa perché sono andati ad un matrimonio.

HOMOPHONES

Words that sound

the same

Words that sound

the same

from the Greek homos(same) + phone (sound)



/'saǺt/

sight site

visuale, panorama vista sito

Homophones are words with the same ............................, but a different

..................... and ..................

An example is: bean /'bi:n/, a noun, and been /'bi:n/, the past participle

of the verb to be.

1. Complete the definition of homophones and homographsby using these words:

spelling – pronunciation – meaning

pronunciation

spellingmeaning



/'raǺt/

/'kwaǺt//'kǤld//'wǤn/

/'pi:z//'si:z/

/'sǺns/

/'δeǺr/

Other examples of homophones are:

/meǺl/

/sent/

/mi:t/

/tu:/

/sΛm/

/steər/

/haǺər

/teǺl/

/weǺt/

/reǺn/



Other examples of homophones are:

/meǺl/

/sent/

/mi:t/

/tu:/

/sΛm/

male - mail

cent - scent - sent

meat - meet

to - too - two

some - sum

Prof.ssa Elena INTORCIA. 2019.2020/Energy... · English Lecturen.8 29/04/2020 Prof.ssa Elena...

Documents

Transcript of Prof.ssa Elena INTORCIA. 2019.2020/Energy... · English Lecturen.8 29/04/2020 Prof.ssa Elena...