Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)
description
Transcript of Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)
![Page 1: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Research on the high-latitude middle atmosphere
dynamics clouds and aerosol particles
trace gasesProfessor Sheila Kirkwood
and colleagues
IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)
![Page 2: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Main Recent Results :
a) Instruments and techniques
![Page 3: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
ESRAD MST RADAR
Running since July 1996
![Page 4: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
troposphere summer mesopause
![Page 5: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
DESCARTES CFC sampler
34 successful flights 1997-2000accurate calibration (ongoing)
Arvelius, Dagnesjö, Nilsson, Rosmark
![Page 6: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Millimeter wave radiometer - running since January 2002 (O3, ClO, N2O, HNO3)
Raffalski
![Page 7: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
LIDAR
Running since February 2004
Stebel, Nikulin, Voelger
![Page 8: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
New techniques to use EISCAT radar facility - VHF and HEATING
![Page 9: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
PMSE with EISCAT VHF - turned off by HEATING
Belova,Chilson, Rietveld
![Page 10: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Main Recent Results :
a) Published Scientific Work
![Page 11: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Polar Mesosphere Summer Echoes (PMSE) - a well known feature of the summer high-latitude mesosphere
ESRAD52 MHZradar
![Page 12: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Modulation of PMSE by (electron) HEATING has a very short time constant (7-14 ms) whichcan be explained if the effect is due to enhanced electron diffusion from a previously supressed
state in the presence of charged dust
Belova,Chilson, Rietveld
![Page 13: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Planetary waves modulate PMSE (at high-latitude) - evidence that the waves are (unexpectedly) a substantial
source of temperature fluctuations at the SUMMER mesospause
![Page 14: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Foto :Hans Nilsson
![Page 15: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Noctilucent clouds - the number of nights when they are seen from NW Europe varies from year to year in a ~10 year cycle
05
101520253035404550
1964196819721976198019841988199219962000
year
days of NLC
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
19641967197019731976197919821985198819911994
year
-but contrary to previousreports, it has NO trend
![Page 16: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
The occurrence of mid-latitude noctilucent clouds correlates
with planetary wave amplitude and phase in the stratosphere - but in a way which suggests a transport effect rather than a
direct temperature effect
A correlation of stationary planetary wave phase with the
phase of the solar cycle can partly explain the 10-year NLC
cycle
![Page 17: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Noctilucent cloud trajectories at ~82 km altitude - controlled by planetary-wave winds which
shift in phase in 5-day, 16-day and decadal cycles
Wave maximum over W.Atlantic Wave maximim over E. Canadatemperature
![Page 18: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Polar Mesosphere Winter Echoes (PMWE) - a less well known feature of the winter high-latitude mesosphere
- at times almost as strong as PMSE
-here during a strong solar proton event
09 Nov 2000
![Page 19: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
PMWE are too strong to be explained by even very strong turbulence turbulence
observations
Theory
0.5 dB
4 dB
All 70 km100 mW/kg
![Page 20: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
PMWE occur at heights where no turbulence should be present (17 January 2003 MaCWAVE
meteorological rocket comparison)
![Page 21: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
PMWE correlate with anomalies in lidar backscatter profiles - which may indicate a role for charged aerosol
particles in PMWE as in PMSE
![Page 22: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Main Recent Results :
c) Preliminary scientific results not yet ready for publication :
![Page 23: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
The last minimum in the 10-year cycle in noctilucent clouds (mid-latitude) was accompanied by a minimum in
PMSE (high-latitude)
![Page 24: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Details of the PMSE minimum suggest an indirect dynamic cause
![Page 25: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
34 m
20 m
ESRAD INTERFEROMETRIC ANTENNA
1 2 3
4 5 6
100 ms
- new evidence thatinfrasonic waves strongly modulate radar echo power
![Page 26: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Future Plans :
a) New work already initiated
![Page 27: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
PMWE with EISCAT VHF radar
Evgenia Belova
Further studies ofPMWE / PMSE using
ESRAD, EISCAT,Lidar (Alomar, U. Bonn)
Magic ?, Odin ?, Envisat ?
![Page 28: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Planetary wave studies with ODINplus meteorological databases (UKMO)
In relation to noctilucent clouds /PMSE
And the middle-atmosphere extension of the NAO/AO
![Page 29: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
New work on troposphere / lower stratosphere processes using radar and lidar including new cooperation with the nearby Finnish GAW station (Pallas)
![Page 30: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Future Plans :
a) Ideas dependent on future funding
![Page 31: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Mobileradar ?
![Page 32: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Swedish - Finnish AntarcticStations Wasa / Aboa
![Page 33: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Mobile MSTRadar ?
FMI/Univ. HelsinkiAerosol instruments
Mini-MAX DOAS ?
![Page 34: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
![Page 35: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Organisational Aspects :
![Page 36: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
![Page 37: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
FORSKNINGSSTRATEGIER 2005+Institutet för rymdfysik
IRF ska bedriva grundläggande forskning och medverka i forskarutbildning i rymdfysik, atmosfärfysik och rymdteknik samt stödja exploateringen av tillämpningsmöjligheter för att därigenom förse samhället med ny kunskap.
IRF ska dessutom: som en del i ett globalt nätverk, bedriva observatorieverksamhet i rymdfysik och atmosfärfysik samt registrera och rapportera trender av betydelse för den långsiktigautvecklingen av jordens närmiljö som bas för vetenskapliga och politiska beslut.
IRF:s forskningsfronterIRF:s atmosfärfysikprogram kan ses som ett svar på senare års starka internationella intresse för atmosfär- och klimatforskning. Denna forskning har fått stor betydelse för inte minst Kiruna, där sedan tio år tillbaka en febril internationell forskningsaktivitet råder. Sveriges geografiska läge och den goda infrastruktur som finns i Kiruna har varit av avgörande betydelse för denna internationella satsning.”
IRF:s forskningsprogramNedan ges en sammanfattning av forskningsprogrammens huvudinriktningar.Atmosfärfysik• fortsatt grundforskning om globala atmosfärs- och klimatprocesser, såväl naturliga som antropogena• ökade insatser inom dataanalys, som utnyttjar globala observationer tillsammans med egna lokala.
Extracts from our institutes strategy document -----
![Page 38: Professor Sheila Kirkwood and colleagues IRF-Kiruna (68°N 21°E)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/56814647550346895db357b7/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
IRF Atmosfärfysikprogram
1101 koordinering
1104 mellanatmos-färens dynamik
1105 PMSE medEISCAT
1106 Aerosoler imellanatmosfären
1107 Spårgaser imellanatmosfären
1108 metod-utveckling avsvensk jonosondering
Sheila 40%Alla
Evgenia 95%Jonas
Sheila 5%Evgenia 5%Daria 50%Arne 50%Johan 5%
PeterGrigori
UweJohan 95%
Christer 30%
mars 2004programchef
Sheila Kirkwood