Prof. dr. sc . Ivan Markežić [email protected]

13. 03. 2009. 13. 03. 2009. 1

МУЛТИРАТЕРАЦИЈА КАКО ТЕХНИКА НАКОНТРОЛА НА ВОЗДУШНИОТ СООБРАЌАЈ

MULTILATERATION AS SURVEILLANCE CHOICE

Prof. dr. sc. Ivan Markežić[email protected]

Универзитет „Св. Климент Охридски“Технички Факултет – БИТОЛА

MULTILATERACIJA KAO TEHNIKA KONTROLE ZRAČNOG PROMETA

13. 03. 2009. 2

Content

Air Traffic Surveillance – Techniques and Technologies

Multilateration System Description

Multilateration in an ECAC Context

Conclusion

13. 03. 2009. 3

”In The Beginning”

atc6.AV

13. 03. 2009. 4


13. 03. 2009. 5

Principle of Multilateration


13. 03. 2009. 6

• Surveillance strategy:


- mutually interoperable and compatible technologies

MSSR/SSR Mode S

ADS-B

Multilateration, WAM

13. 03. 2009. 7

• Principle of Multilateration

MLT System Description

multilat_princip.avi

13. 03. 2009. 8

• Principle of Multilateration


Co-operative Independent Surveillance

- a number of antennas receive a signal from an aircraft

- central processing unit calculates the aircraft’s position from the time

difference of arrival (TDOA) of the signal at the different receivers

- the TDOA between two antennas corresponds with a hyperboloid, a

2D surface in a 3D space

- at least four antennas are required for a 3D position calculation

- if altitude is known already, three antennas are sufficient

13. 03. 2009. 9

• Active and Passive WAM System


Passive WAM Systems

No transmitter means:

- No transmitter license- No 1030 spectrum usage- No increase to 1030/1090 SSR environment (FRUIT)

Aircraft detection requires:

- The aircraft is Mode S equipped or- The aircraft is within existing MSSR coverage

13. 03. 2009. 10

• Active and Passive WAM System


Active WAM Systems

Independent of existing infrastructure- Improved detection of Mode A/C only aircraft

Simpler and cheaper than MSSR interrogator- Fixed antenna- Low power interrogation option

Suitable for Mode S Surveillance

Care must be taken not to generate excess 1030/1090MHz FRUIT

13. 03. 2009. 11

• WAM performance


Multilateration and Wide Area Multilateration

Multilateration- Independent cooperative surveillance

Surface Multilateration- Tracks aircraft on the surface- Uses 2D algorithms

Wide Area Multilateration- Tracks aircraft in flight- Uses 3D algorithms

13. 03. 2009. 12

• WAM performance (en route application)


A 5 receiver WAM system with a 60nm baseline gives:- Higher accuracy than MSSR- Reduced range due to horizon effect

WAM MSSR

13. 03. 2009. 13

• WAM performance (en route application)


A 9 receiver WAM system with a 60nm baseline gives:- Higher accuracy than MSSR- Similar range to MSSR

Horizon effect (WAM horizon is the horizon of multiple sites)

13. 03. 2009. 14

• WAM performance (TMA application)


Coverage at 3000ft :- Larger baselines give better accuracy

Shorter baselines give better low level coverage

13. 03. 2009. 15

• Impact on existing ATM operations


There is no negative impact on existing ATM operations

- WAM systems can easily be integrated into current ATM architectures- WAM systems can exceed the performance of existing surveillance sensors

- There need be no difference in the information presented to the controller

WAM systems could provide benefits to ATM operations in the future

- WAM systems are capable of higher accuracies than current sensors - WAM systems are capable of higher update rates than current sensors - WAM systems can measure geometric height in addition to receiving pressure altitude

13. 03. 2009. 16

• Eurocontrol is promoting WAM technology for ATC surveillance: (relatively low cost and good performance)


2005

Figure 2. Ground based surveillance infrastructure for En-Route and TMA

2010 2015 2020

ADS-B ground receiversusing 1090 Extended Squitter or another datalink

Primary Surveillance Radar

SSR or SSR Mode S infrastructure

Wide Area Multilaterationusing 1090 MHz (Squitters) or another datalink

Surveillance Data Processing and Distribution

Independent surveillance for non co-operative targets where and when required

Aircraft Derived Data (ADD) delivery to the ground users

TIS-B Services

Ground basedPosition calculation

To provide supplementary information to the aircrew

Purpose / Applications:

Ground based surveillance infrastructure for En-Route and TMA

13. 03. 2009. 17


Surveillance Strategy at the Aerodrome

2005 2010 2015 2020

Figure 4. Surveillance Strategy at the Aerodrome

(Airport) Multilateration and/or ADS-Busing 1090 MHz (Extended Squitter) or another data link

Surface Movement (Primary) Radar

TIS-B Services

(Airport) Multilateration and/or ADS-Busing 1090 MHZ (Extended Squitter) or another data link

Surveillance Data Processing and Distribution

A-SMGCS level I and II (including Package 1ADS-B-APT)

A-SMGCS level III and IV (including Package 1ATSA-SURF)

Purpose / Applications:

ADS-B/WAM Combination - future surveillance scenario (!?)

13. 03. 2009. 18

All current WAM systems are based on 1090 MHz technology because: wide availability of the technology as part of the airborne infrastructure The properties of these signals for use in a WAM system (aircraft identification and accurate TDOA measurements)

Conclusion

Ref.: The ATM Surveillance Strategy for ECAC, 2.2, ed. date 07/04/2008.http://www.eurocontrol.int/surveillance/gallery/content/public/documents/WAM_study_report_1_1.pdf

WAM systems are potentially capable of significantly higher accuracies than an equivalent radar service:

a five receiver WAM system has a higher accuracy than MSSR (both an en-route and terminal ) The range is lower due to the horizon of multiple receivers A comparable range can be achieved by adding in additional receivers

En-route WAM systems can also provide accurate height measurement information

Provide ADS-B data in addition to independent position

Do not require additional avionics

13. 03. 2009. 19

ВИ БЛАГОДАРАМ НА ВНИМАНИЕТО

13. 03. 2009. 20

Prof. dr. sc . Ivan Markežić [email protected]

Documents

Transcript of Prof. dr. sc . Ivan Markežić [email protected]