Prof. dr. Marija Todorovic DERES - DIVISION FOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
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Transcript of Prof. dr. Marija Todorovic DERES - DIVISION FOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
Prof. dr. Marija Todorovic Prof. dr. Marija Todorovic
DERES - DIVISION FOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Serbia
[email protected], [email protected]@EUnet.yu, [email protected]/dereswww.rcub.bg.ac.yu/deres
2006 62006 6thth November November
ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND SUSTAINABILITY OF BUILDINGS
ART AND SCIENCE OF SUSTAINABLE ART AND SCIENCE OF SUSTAINABLE BUILDINGS DESIGN - BUILDINGS INTELLIGENCE BUILDINGS DESIGN - BUILDINGS INTELLIGENCE
AND ETHICS OF SUSTAINABILITYAND ETHICS OF SUSTAINABILITY
Presentaion to the UNESCO E-Learning
audience practical experience and results
obtained by the implementation of the
computational modeling techniques BPS -
Building Performance Simulation and CFD -
Computational Fluid Dynamics with an aim to
predict and optimize dynamic thermal
behaviour of an integrated
buildings/HVAC/other technical systems energy
efficiency and indoor environment quality.
AIM OF THIS LECTURE
BUILDING BUILDING TECHNICAL TECHNICAL
ENERGY ENERGY SYSTEMSYSTEM
OUTPUT AT THE END OF THE EXPLOATATION AND CLOSEDOWN OF THE SYSTEM
MACHINERY, CONSTRUCTION, IMPROVEMENT AND RECONSTRUCTION
EXPLOATATIONOUTPUT
EXPLOATATIONINPUT
INCLUDING SERVICE
SCHEME OF THE ELEMENTARY MODEL ANALYSIS OF THE SCHEME OF THE ELEMENTARY MODEL ANALYSIS OF THE BUILDING ENERGY SYSTEMBUILDING ENERGY SYSTEM
Buildings consume materials, energy and produce wastes
The most important to delay fossil energy resources exhaustion and to reduce pollution controlling climate change are RES
Solar energy (thermal, PV and photo-thermal
conversion)
Biofuels and Biomass energy
Geothermal and Wind energy
Wave and OTEC energy
Fuel cells and Hydrogen, produced using RES
Low-carbon energy technologies combined with
improvements in end-use efficiencies
TO TURN IRREVERSIBILITY TO TO TURN IRREVERSIBILITY TO SUSTAINABILITY RES-TECHNOLOGIESSUSTAINABILITY RES-TECHNOLOGIES
Sustainable Urban and Rural Sustainable Urban and Rural CommunitiesCommunities
employing a high percentage employing a high percentage of of renewable energy suppliesrenewable energy supplies
shall adopt innovative and improved shall adopt innovative and improved technical technical and and
socio-economicsocio-economic approaches approaches to to CHP-RES CHP-RES based “based “green electricitygreen electricity”, ”,
clean heatingclean heating, , coolingcooling or both and or both and
integrated energy distribution networksintegrated energy distribution networks, , including combinations with including combinations with
conventional large scale energy distribution conventional large scale energy distribution
PASSIVE AND ACTIVE SOLAR & DISTRICT HEATING
Experimentig and monitoring
Experimenting and monitoring for modeling vlidation
INPUT DATA
Flat plate solar collector field
Solar collectors testing resultsSolar collectors testing results
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2
IMT - A lin
IMT - A kv
GOŠA - B lin
GOŠA - B kv
14.DEC - C lin
SEVOJNO - D lin
SEVOJNO - D kv
ZCZ KG - E lin
ŠINVOZ - F lin
ELASTIK - G lin
ELASTIK - G kv
T*
h
TRNSYS
GLAZINGGLAZING
The Commercial The Commercial bank in bank in FrankfurtFrankfurtGermanyGermanyFullyFullySuccess Success Story?Story?
INTEGRATED BUILDINS DESIGNINTEGRATED BUILDINS DESIGNPOLYVALENT FACADES POLYVALENT FACADES
OPTIMIZATIONOPTIMIZATION Multifunctional optimization of buildings Multifunctional optimization of buildings
thermal behavior viathermal behavior via
dynamic adjustments and dynamic adjustments and
thermal load control, thermal load control,
control of level of daylighting and artificial control of level of daylighting and artificial
lighting, lighting,
and production of thermal and and production of thermal and
electrical energy using available solar electrical energy using available solar
radiationradiation
FOSTER NORMAN FOSTER NORMAN
Re-Swiss Center LondonRe-Swiss Center London
FOSTER NORMAN LONDON CITY HALLFOSTER NORMAN LONDON CITY HALL
CREATIVITY & IMAGINATIONCREATIVITY & IMAGINATION
Temperature flow for different ACH - The last 10 days of June -
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
4345
4357
4369
4381
4393
4405
4417
4429
4441
4453
4465
4477
4489
4501
4513
4525
4537
4549
4561
4573 h
t [ºC]
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500TaTbTcTdI
I [W]
3-D Presentation of Model 0 and EE at the west side ground level
Daylight intensity in horizontal plane at the 0.8m above floor
0
100000
200000
300000
400000
5000001 8
15 22
5
12 19
2 9
16 23
W
m odel M6
m odel M0
RES DISTRIBUTED TRIGENERATIONRES DISTRIBUTED TRIGENERATION
Added economic and environmental values given by Distributed Energy systems, based on RES and smaller-scale installations are:
Modularity and shorter delivery terms
diversity of sustainable energy sources/fuels and diminution of vulnerability with regard to prices, reliability and resistance
stable quality and security conditions of supply
Kapotrošacima(za hladenje)
Od gasnepodstanice
Kapotrošacima(za grejanje)
Kapotrošacimasanitarnetople vode(37°C)
Kapotrošacimasanitarnetople vode(60°C)
Apsorpcioni
hladnjak
Rashladna
kula
Kapotrošacimaelektricneenergije
Višakelektricneenergije - kaEDB
Višak toplotneenergije - katoplani
Kogeneracionimodul
Scenario 10
Cooling/Heating load
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
90.0
100.0
110.0
120.0
M01 M02-1 M02-1-1 M02-2 M02-3 M02-4 M02-5 M02-6 M02-7 M02-7-1 M02-8
W/m
2
Heating load
Cooling load- full int. load
Cooling load-red. int. load
Cooling load-int.load=0
SW orientated office, 21. June 12h, Sunny Sky, Glazing VT 50%, without blinds
0.00
200.00
400.00
600.00
800.00
1000.00
1200.00
1400.00
MWh
Base Case Energy Efficient Lights
Lighting energy for Base Case and for Energy Efficient Lights
0.00
500.00
1000.00
1500.00
2000.00
2500.00
MWh
Heating energy Cooling energy Lighting energy
Difference between heating, cooling and lighting energy for applied energy efficient measure-dimming
Full load glass type Brilliant 66/33 Full load glass type Brilliant 66/33 w ith dimming
Difference between heating, cooling and lighting Difference between heating, cooling and lighting energy for applied energy efficient measure - dimmingenergy for applied energy efficient measure - dimming
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
160000
180000
200000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
J UL
J UL, sa TS
M1-JUS
M2-JUS
M3-JUS
M4-JUS
M5-DIN
M6-DIN
M7-DIN
M8-DIN
M9-DIN
Heating energyHeating energy
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
M1 M2 M3 M4 M6 M9 M5 M10 M7 M8
MW
htg
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Mw
hel
Electrical energyElectrical energy
EEnergoprojektnergoprojekt Headquater Block New Belgrade Headquater Block New Belgrade SFSF 87000 kWh, WF 58000 kWh, EF 23000 kWh 87000 kWh, WF 58000 kWh, EF 23000 kWh
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
16.0
kWh/m2
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII
Month
SM110
SR50-Z
PW 1000
Mean monthly electricity yield in kWh/m² Mean monthly electricity yield in kWh/m² of different PV modulesof different PV modules
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
6000.0
8000.0
10000.0
12000.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Month
West
South
East
Produced electrical energy at the Produced electrical energy at the nontransparent building`s surfacesnontransparent building`s surfaces
TERAZIAN TERASSE in BelgradeTERAZIAN TERASSE in Belgrade
400.0
500.0
600.0
700.0
800.0
900.0
1000.0
Cool
ing
load
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23
hour
M3.1 DESIGN DAY
Design day cooling load profileDesign day cooling load profile
0200400600800
10001200140016001800
hour
s
5 15 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 95
percent
M3.1 COOLING PERCENT - FAN COIL SYSTEM
0200400600800
10001200140016001800
hour
s
5 15 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 95
percent
M3.1 HEATING PERCENT - FAN COIL SYSTEM
Residential building block
0
1.5
3
4.5
6
7.5
9
10.5
12
13.5
15
0 0.15 0.3 0.45 0.6 0.75 0.9 1.05 1.2 1.35 1.5 1.65
Velocity [m/ s]
Hei
ght [
m]
11.522.533.544.55
Vw [m/ s]
4
5.5
7
8.5
10
11.5
13
14.5
16
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Air changes [h-1]
Ope
ning
hei
ght [
m]
11.522.533.544.55
Vw [m/ s]
Sensor for very low pressure difference Sensor for very low pressure difference measurementmeasurement
BUILDING INTELLIGENCE BUILDING INTELLIGENCE
Buildings performance simulationBuildings performance simulation
and and e-automatione-automation are crucial are crucial
technologies/techniques for design, technologies/techniques for design,
construction and operation of construction and operation of
sustainable buildings, or so called sustainable buildings, or so called Green Green
buildingsbuildings with its distributed integrated with its distributed integrated
RES energy supply system, HVAC, RES energy supply system, HVAC,
lighting and other technical systemslighting and other technical systems
take full advantage of IT and provide energy efficient, flexible, productive, healthy and cost-effective buildings supporting its EMS and BAS and make “smart metering” of HVAC components as well as electricity/district cooling and other utilities operation, optimizing EnEf and/or giving facilities managers the information necessary to make better decisions reducing overall energy use and costs – development of related decision support expert systems
E-AUTOMATED GREEN BUILDINGSE-AUTOMATED GREEN BUILDINGS
INHERENTLY INTELLIGENT BUILDINGS INHERENTLY INTELLIGENT BUILDINGS ENVIROMENTALLY ETHICAL ARE ACHIEVABLEENVIROMENTALLY ETHICAL ARE ACHIEVABLE
Kyoto, Green, LEED-Buildings, Solar Cities, Lean- Buildings Strategic objectives:
the reduction of greenhouse gases and pollutant emission,
the security of energy supply, the RES and RMS utilization
To achieve an enhanced competitiveness of knowledge based integrated green buildings
design/engineering systems software and hardware and related materials, elements, structures and systems
industry development