Production and Decay of Sub-U Isotopes by the Projectile Fragmentation of 1 AGeV 238U

Experiment S235FRS March 2003

Zhong Liu

University of Edinburgh

Collaboration

bull University of EdinburghZ Liu PJ Woods T Davinson A Robinson K Schmidt

bull University of Warsaw PolandZ Janas M Karny A Korgul J Kurcewicz M Pfuumltzner

bull GSI GermanyF Attallah J Doring H Geissel M Gorska M Hellstrom C Mazzocchi

I Mukha C Plettner E Roeckl K Summerer E Badura KH Behr A Bruumlhnle K Burkhard WHuumlller M Winkler H Weick

bull Argonne National Laboratory USAC Davids D Seweryniak

bull Oak Ridge National Laboratory USAR Grzywacz K Rykaczewki

Study of p-rich Trans-lead Nucleibull Fusion-evaporation

YuNovikov etal Nucl PhysA 697(2002)92 185Bi CNDavids et al Phys Rev Lett 76(1996)592

Projectile fragmentation of 238U

bull Advantages of PF (1) thick target (2) PID on event-by-event basis

Drawbacks with 238U beam (1) lower due to the strong influence of fission compared to Pb beam HG Clerc et Al NPA 590 (1995) 785

(2) charge state distribution C Scheidenberger et al NIM B 142(1998) 441

(3) huge energy deposition ratio between implant and decay ~ 20 GeV 1- 10 MeV

Feasibility

FRS Setup

Implant and Decay Setup

Particle Identification (A Q Z)

AQ (s2-s4) ( for Q1 = Q2)

Q(Z) difficult

Q fluctuates in materials at S0 S2 S4 2 MUSICs used with Nb foil in between optimised energy loss

the Q fluctuation B (E in S2 degrader) E in MUSICs and S2 degrader combined to resolve Q(Z)

(1) Select fully stripped ions in both stages

Q1=Q2-1

Q1-1=Q2

Z=89

Z=90

Z=91

Z=92

(2) Purification according to position at s4

Ac(Z=89)

(3) Identification of individual isotopes

Production yields for Pa Th and Ac (preliminary)

Z=91Z=90Z=89

Some Perspectives

Near future 238U beam intensity of 109 pps

new Ac (Z=89) isotopes

emitters 205 204Ac 100 ndash 1000 ions shift

proton emitters 203Ac ~50 ions shift

201Ac ~5 ions shift

Farther future

DSSD equipped with fast-reset PA

Summarybull PF of 238U more favorable for low Z sub-U isotopes PID production yield PF of 238U has reached as far as the fusion evaporation reactions for Ac bull Implant-decay correlations an existing detection system works HI rate in Si-stack 102 ndash 103 pps Imp Rate 1 ndash 102 pps decay rate 1-10 ppsbull t12 range 101 ndash 102 ms bad energy resolution (FWHM~100 keV) high radioactivity background

Perspectives with higher beam intensity and DSSD PF of 238U will provide new opportunity for study of sub-U isotopes beyond the p-dripline

• Production and Decay of Sub-U Isotopes by the Projectile Fragmentation of 1 AGeV 238U Experiment S235FRS March 2003
• Collaboration
• Study of p-rich Trans-lead Nuclei
• Projectile fragmentation of 238U
• FRS Setup
• Implant and Decay Setup
• Particle Identification (A Q Z)
• (1) Select fully stripped ions in both stages
• (2) Purification according to position at s4
• (3) Identification of individual isotopes
• Production yields for Pa Th and Ac (preliminary)
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• Some Perspectives
• Summary

Study of p-rich Trans-lead Nucleibull Fusion-evaporation

YuNovikov etal Nucl PhysA 697(2002)92 185Bi CNDavids et al Phys Rev Lett 76(1996)592

Projectile fragmentation of 238U

bull Advantages of PF (1) thick target (2) PID on event-by-event basis

Drawbacks with 238U beam (1) lower due to the strong influence of fission compared to Pb beam HG Clerc et Al NPA 590 (1995) 785

(2) charge state distribution C Scheidenberger et al NIM B 142(1998) 441

(3) huge energy deposition ratio between implant and decay ~ 20 GeV 1- 10 MeV

Feasibility

FRS Setup

Implant and Decay Setup

Particle Identification (A Q Z)

AQ (s2-s4) ( for Q1 = Q2)

Q(Z) difficult

Q fluctuates in materials at S0 S2 S4 2 MUSICs used with Nb foil in between optimised energy loss

the Q fluctuation B (E in S2 degrader) E in MUSICs and S2 degrader combined to resolve Q(Z)

(1) Select fully stripped ions in both stages

Q1=Q2-1

Q1-1=Q2

Z=89

Z=90

Z=91

Z=92

(2) Purification according to position at s4

Ac(Z=89)

(3) Identification of individual isotopes

Production yields for Pa Th and Ac (preliminary)

Z=91Z=90Z=89

Some Perspectives

Near future 238U beam intensity of 109 pps

new Ac (Z=89) isotopes

emitters 205 204Ac 100 ndash 1000 ions shift

proton emitters 203Ac ~50 ions shift

201Ac ~5 ions shift

Farther future

DSSD equipped with fast-reset PA

Summarybull PF of 238U more favorable for low Z sub-U isotopes PID production yield PF of 238U has reached as far as the fusion evaporation reactions for Ac bull Implant-decay correlations an existing detection system works HI rate in Si-stack 102 ndash 103 pps Imp Rate 1 ndash 102 pps decay rate 1-10 ppsbull t12 range 101 ndash 102 ms bad energy resolution (FWHM~100 keV) high radioactivity background

Perspectives with higher beam intensity and DSSD PF of 238U will provide new opportunity for study of sub-U isotopes beyond the p-dripline

• Production and Decay of Sub-U Isotopes by the Projectile Fragmentation of 1 AGeV 238U Experiment S235FRS March 2003
• Collaboration
• Study of p-rich Trans-lead Nuclei
• Projectile fragmentation of 238U
• FRS Setup
• Implant and Decay Setup
• Particle Identification (A Q Z)
• (1) Select fully stripped ions in both stages
• (2) Purification according to position at s4
• (3) Identification of individual isotopes
• Production yields for Pa Th and Ac (preliminary)
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• Some Perspectives
• Summary

Projectile fragmentation of 238U

bull Advantages of PF (1) thick target (2) PID on event-by-event basis

Drawbacks with 238U beam (1) lower due to the strong influence of fission compared to Pb beam HG Clerc et Al NPA 590 (1995) 785

(2) charge state distribution C Scheidenberger et al NIM B 142(1998) 441

(3) huge energy deposition ratio between implant and decay ~ 20 GeV 1- 10 MeV

Feasibility

FRS Setup

Implant and Decay Setup

Particle Identification (A Q Z)

AQ (s2-s4) ( for Q1 = Q2)

Q(Z) difficult

Q fluctuates in materials at S0 S2 S4 2 MUSICs used with Nb foil in between optimised energy loss

the Q fluctuation B (E in S2 degrader) E in MUSICs and S2 degrader combined to resolve Q(Z)

(1) Select fully stripped ions in both stages

Q1=Q2-1

Q1-1=Q2

Z=89

Z=90

Z=91

Z=92

(2) Purification according to position at s4

Ac(Z=89)

(3) Identification of individual isotopes

Production yields for Pa Th and Ac (preliminary)

Z=91Z=90Z=89

Some Perspectives

Near future 238U beam intensity of 109 pps

new Ac (Z=89) isotopes

emitters 205 204Ac 100 ndash 1000 ions shift

proton emitters 203Ac ~50 ions shift

201Ac ~5 ions shift

Farther future

DSSD equipped with fast-reset PA

Summarybull PF of 238U more favorable for low Z sub-U isotopes PID production yield PF of 238U has reached as far as the fusion evaporation reactions for Ac bull Implant-decay correlations an existing detection system works HI rate in Si-stack 102 ndash 103 pps Imp Rate 1 ndash 102 pps decay rate 1-10 ppsbull t12 range 101 ndash 102 ms bad energy resolution (FWHM~100 keV) high radioactivity background

Perspectives with higher beam intensity and DSSD PF of 238U will provide new opportunity for study of sub-U isotopes beyond the p-dripline

• Production and Decay of Sub-U Isotopes by the Projectile Fragmentation of 1 AGeV 238U Experiment S235FRS March 2003
• Collaboration
• Study of p-rich Trans-lead Nuclei
• Projectile fragmentation of 238U
• FRS Setup
• Implant and Decay Setup
• Particle Identification (A Q Z)
• (1) Select fully stripped ions in both stages
• (2) Purification according to position at s4
• (3) Identification of individual isotopes
• Production yields for Pa Th and Ac (preliminary)
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• Some Perspectives
• Summary

FRS Setup

Implant and Decay Setup

Particle Identification (A Q Z)

AQ (s2-s4) ( for Q1 = Q2)

Q(Z) difficult

Q fluctuates in materials at S0 S2 S4 2 MUSICs used with Nb foil in between optimised energy loss

the Q fluctuation B (E in S2 degrader) E in MUSICs and S2 degrader combined to resolve Q(Z)

(1) Select fully stripped ions in both stages

Q1=Q2-1

Q1-1=Q2

Z=89

Z=90

Z=91

Z=92

(2) Purification according to position at s4

Ac(Z=89)

(3) Identification of individual isotopes

Production yields for Pa Th and Ac (preliminary)

Z=91Z=90Z=89

Some Perspectives

Near future 238U beam intensity of 109 pps

new Ac (Z=89) isotopes

emitters 205 204Ac 100 ndash 1000 ions shift

proton emitters 203Ac ~50 ions shift

201Ac ~5 ions shift

Farther future

DSSD equipped with fast-reset PA

Summarybull PF of 238U more favorable for low Z sub-U isotopes PID production yield PF of 238U has reached as far as the fusion evaporation reactions for Ac bull Implant-decay correlations an existing detection system works HI rate in Si-stack 102 ndash 103 pps Imp Rate 1 ndash 102 pps decay rate 1-10 ppsbull t12 range 101 ndash 102 ms bad energy resolution (FWHM~100 keV) high radioactivity background

Perspectives with higher beam intensity and DSSD PF of 238U will provide new opportunity for study of sub-U isotopes beyond the p-dripline

• Production and Decay of Sub-U Isotopes by the Projectile Fragmentation of 1 AGeV 238U Experiment S235FRS March 2003
• Collaboration
• Study of p-rich Trans-lead Nuclei
• Projectile fragmentation of 238U
• FRS Setup
• Implant and Decay Setup
• Particle Identification (A Q Z)
• (1) Select fully stripped ions in both stages
• (2) Purification according to position at s4
• (3) Identification of individual isotopes
• Production yields for Pa Th and Ac (preliminary)
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• Some Perspectives
• Summary

Implant and Decay Setup

Particle Identification (A Q Z)

AQ (s2-s4) ( for Q1 = Q2)

Q(Z) difficult

Q fluctuates in materials at S0 S2 S4 2 MUSICs used with Nb foil in between optimised energy loss

the Q fluctuation B (E in S2 degrader) E in MUSICs and S2 degrader combined to resolve Q(Z)

(1) Select fully stripped ions in both stages

Q1=Q2-1

Q1-1=Q2

Z=89

Z=90

Z=91

Z=92

(2) Purification according to position at s4

Ac(Z=89)

(3) Identification of individual isotopes

Production yields for Pa Th and Ac (preliminary)

Z=91Z=90Z=89

Some Perspectives

Near future 238U beam intensity of 109 pps

new Ac (Z=89) isotopes

emitters 205 204Ac 100 ndash 1000 ions shift

proton emitters 203Ac ~50 ions shift

201Ac ~5 ions shift

Farther future

DSSD equipped with fast-reset PA

Summarybull PF of 238U more favorable for low Z sub-U isotopes PID production yield PF of 238U has reached as far as the fusion evaporation reactions for Ac bull Implant-decay correlations an existing detection system works HI rate in Si-stack 102 ndash 103 pps Imp Rate 1 ndash 102 pps decay rate 1-10 ppsbull t12 range 101 ndash 102 ms bad energy resolution (FWHM~100 keV) high radioactivity background

Perspectives with higher beam intensity and DSSD PF of 238U will provide new opportunity for study of sub-U isotopes beyond the p-dripline

• Production and Decay of Sub-U Isotopes by the Projectile Fragmentation of 1 AGeV 238U Experiment S235FRS March 2003
• Collaboration
• Study of p-rich Trans-lead Nuclei
• Projectile fragmentation of 238U
• FRS Setup
• Implant and Decay Setup
• Particle Identification (A Q Z)
• (1) Select fully stripped ions in both stages
• (2) Purification according to position at s4
• (3) Identification of individual isotopes
• Production yields for Pa Th and Ac (preliminary)
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• Some Perspectives
• Summary

Particle Identification (A Q Z)

AQ (s2-s4) ( for Q1 = Q2)

Q(Z) difficult

Q fluctuates in materials at S0 S2 S4 2 MUSICs used with Nb foil in between optimised energy loss

the Q fluctuation B (E in S2 degrader) E in MUSICs and S2 degrader combined to resolve Q(Z)

(1) Select fully stripped ions in both stages

Q1=Q2-1

Q1-1=Q2

Z=89

Z=90

Z=91

Z=92

(2) Purification according to position at s4

Ac(Z=89)

(3) Identification of individual isotopes

Production yields for Pa Th and Ac (preliminary)

Z=91Z=90Z=89

Some Perspectives

Near future 238U beam intensity of 109 pps

new Ac (Z=89) isotopes

emitters 205 204Ac 100 ndash 1000 ions shift

proton emitters 203Ac ~50 ions shift

201Ac ~5 ions shift

Farther future

DSSD equipped with fast-reset PA

Summarybull PF of 238U more favorable for low Z sub-U isotopes PID production yield PF of 238U has reached as far as the fusion evaporation reactions for Ac bull Implant-decay correlations an existing detection system works HI rate in Si-stack 102 ndash 103 pps Imp Rate 1 ndash 102 pps decay rate 1-10 ppsbull t12 range 101 ndash 102 ms bad energy resolution (FWHM~100 keV) high radioactivity background

Perspectives with higher beam intensity and DSSD PF of 238U will provide new opportunity for study of sub-U isotopes beyond the p-dripline

• Production and Decay of Sub-U Isotopes by the Projectile Fragmentation of 1 AGeV 238U Experiment S235FRS March 2003
• Collaboration
• Study of p-rich Trans-lead Nuclei
• Projectile fragmentation of 238U
• FRS Setup
• Implant and Decay Setup
• Particle Identification (A Q Z)
• (1) Select fully stripped ions in both stages
• (2) Purification according to position at s4
• (3) Identification of individual isotopes
• Production yields for Pa Th and Ac (preliminary)
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• Some Perspectives
• Summary

(1) Select fully stripped ions in both stages

Q1=Q2-1

Q1-1=Q2

Z=89

Z=90

Z=91

Z=92

(2) Purification according to position at s4

Ac(Z=89)

(3) Identification of individual isotopes

Production yields for Pa Th and Ac (preliminary)

Z=91Z=90Z=89

Some Perspectives

Near future 238U beam intensity of 109 pps

new Ac (Z=89) isotopes

emitters 205 204Ac 100 ndash 1000 ions shift

proton emitters 203Ac ~50 ions shift

201Ac ~5 ions shift

Farther future

DSSD equipped with fast-reset PA

Summarybull PF of 238U more favorable for low Z sub-U isotopes PID production yield PF of 238U has reached as far as the fusion evaporation reactions for Ac bull Implant-decay correlations an existing detection system works HI rate in Si-stack 102 ndash 103 pps Imp Rate 1 ndash 102 pps decay rate 1-10 ppsbull t12 range 101 ndash 102 ms bad energy resolution (FWHM~100 keV) high radioactivity background

Perspectives with higher beam intensity and DSSD PF of 238U will provide new opportunity for study of sub-U isotopes beyond the p-dripline

• Production and Decay of Sub-U Isotopes by the Projectile Fragmentation of 1 AGeV 238U Experiment S235FRS March 2003
• Collaboration
• Study of p-rich Trans-lead Nuclei
• Projectile fragmentation of 238U
• FRS Setup
• Implant and Decay Setup
• Particle Identification (A Q Z)
• (1) Select fully stripped ions in both stages
• (2) Purification according to position at s4
• (3) Identification of individual isotopes
• Production yields for Pa Th and Ac (preliminary)
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• Some Perspectives
• Summary

(2) Purification according to position at s4

Ac(Z=89)

(3) Identification of individual isotopes

Production yields for Pa Th and Ac (preliminary)

Z=91Z=90Z=89

Some Perspectives

Near future 238U beam intensity of 109 pps

new Ac (Z=89) isotopes

emitters 205 204Ac 100 ndash 1000 ions shift

proton emitters 203Ac ~50 ions shift

201Ac ~5 ions shift

Farther future

DSSD equipped with fast-reset PA

Summarybull PF of 238U more favorable for low Z sub-U isotopes PID production yield PF of 238U has reached as far as the fusion evaporation reactions for Ac bull Implant-decay correlations an existing detection system works HI rate in Si-stack 102 ndash 103 pps Imp Rate 1 ndash 102 pps decay rate 1-10 ppsbull t12 range 101 ndash 102 ms bad energy resolution (FWHM~100 keV) high radioactivity background

Perspectives with higher beam intensity and DSSD PF of 238U will provide new opportunity for study of sub-U isotopes beyond the p-dripline

• Production and Decay of Sub-U Isotopes by the Projectile Fragmentation of 1 AGeV 238U Experiment S235FRS March 2003
• Collaboration
• Study of p-rich Trans-lead Nuclei
• Projectile fragmentation of 238U
• FRS Setup
• Implant and Decay Setup
• Particle Identification (A Q Z)
• (1) Select fully stripped ions in both stages
• (2) Purification according to position at s4
• (3) Identification of individual isotopes
• Production yields for Pa Th and Ac (preliminary)
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• Some Perspectives
• Summary

(3) Identification of individual isotopes

Production yields for Pa Th and Ac (preliminary)

Z=91Z=90Z=89

Some Perspectives

Near future 238U beam intensity of 109 pps

new Ac (Z=89) isotopes

emitters 205 204Ac 100 ndash 1000 ions shift

proton emitters 203Ac ~50 ions shift

201Ac ~5 ions shift

Farther future

DSSD equipped with fast-reset PA

Summarybull PF of 238U more favorable for low Z sub-U isotopes PID production yield PF of 238U has reached as far as the fusion evaporation reactions for Ac bull Implant-decay correlations an existing detection system works HI rate in Si-stack 102 ndash 103 pps Imp Rate 1 ndash 102 pps decay rate 1-10 ppsbull t12 range 101 ndash 102 ms bad energy resolution (FWHM~100 keV) high radioactivity background

Perspectives with higher beam intensity and DSSD PF of 238U will provide new opportunity for study of sub-U isotopes beyond the p-dripline

• Production and Decay of Sub-U Isotopes by the Projectile Fragmentation of 1 AGeV 238U Experiment S235FRS March 2003
• Collaboration
• Study of p-rich Trans-lead Nuclei
• Projectile fragmentation of 238U
• FRS Setup
• Implant and Decay Setup
• Particle Identification (A Q Z)
• (1) Select fully stripped ions in both stages
• (2) Purification according to position at s4
• (3) Identification of individual isotopes
• Production yields for Pa Th and Ac (preliminary)
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• Some Perspectives
• Summary

Production yields for Pa Th and Ac (preliminary)

Z=91Z=90Z=89

Some Perspectives

Near future 238U beam intensity of 109 pps

new Ac (Z=89) isotopes

emitters 205 204Ac 100 ndash 1000 ions shift

proton emitters 203Ac ~50 ions shift

201Ac ~5 ions shift

Farther future

DSSD equipped with fast-reset PA

Summarybull PF of 238U more favorable for low Z sub-U isotopes PID production yield PF of 238U has reached as far as the fusion evaporation reactions for Ac bull Implant-decay correlations an existing detection system works HI rate in Si-stack 102 ndash 103 pps Imp Rate 1 ndash 102 pps decay rate 1-10 ppsbull t12 range 101 ndash 102 ms bad energy resolution (FWHM~100 keV) high radioactivity background

Perspectives with higher beam intensity and DSSD PF of 238U will provide new opportunity for study of sub-U isotopes beyond the p-dripline

• Production and Decay of Sub-U Isotopes by the Projectile Fragmentation of 1 AGeV 238U Experiment S235FRS March 2003
• Collaboration
• Study of p-rich Trans-lead Nuclei
• Projectile fragmentation of 238U
• FRS Setup
• Implant and Decay Setup
• Particle Identification (A Q Z)
• (1) Select fully stripped ions in both stages
• (2) Purification according to position at s4
• (3) Identification of individual isotopes
• Production yields for Pa Th and Ac (preliminary)
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• Some Perspectives
• Summary

Some Perspectives

Near future 238U beam intensity of 109 pps

new Ac (Z=89) isotopes

emitters 205 204Ac 100 ndash 1000 ions shift

proton emitters 203Ac ~50 ions shift

201Ac ~5 ions shift

Farther future

DSSD equipped with fast-reset PA

Summarybull PF of 238U more favorable for low Z sub-U isotopes PID production yield PF of 238U has reached as far as the fusion evaporation reactions for Ac bull Implant-decay correlations an existing detection system works HI rate in Si-stack 102 ndash 103 pps Imp Rate 1 ndash 102 pps decay rate 1-10 ppsbull t12 range 101 ndash 102 ms bad energy resolution (FWHM~100 keV) high radioactivity background

Perspectives with higher beam intensity and DSSD PF of 238U will provide new opportunity for study of sub-U isotopes beyond the p-dripline

• Production and Decay of Sub-U Isotopes by the Projectile Fragmentation of 1 AGeV 238U Experiment S235FRS March 2003
• Collaboration
• Study of p-rich Trans-lead Nuclei
• Projectile fragmentation of 238U
• FRS Setup
• Implant and Decay Setup
• Particle Identification (A Q Z)
• (1) Select fully stripped ions in both stages
• (2) Purification according to position at s4
• (3) Identification of individual isotopes
• Production yields for Pa Th and Ac (preliminary)
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• Some Perspectives
• Summary

Summarybull PF of 238U more favorable for low Z sub-U isotopes PID production yield PF of 238U has reached as far as the fusion evaporation reactions for Ac bull Implant-decay correlations an existing detection system works HI rate in Si-stack 102 ndash 103 pps Imp Rate 1 ndash 102 pps decay rate 1-10 ppsbull t12 range 101 ndash 102 ms bad energy resolution (FWHM~100 keV) high radioactivity background

Perspectives with higher beam intensity and DSSD PF of 238U will provide new opportunity for study of sub-U isotopes beyond the p-dripline

• Production and Decay of Sub-U Isotopes by the Projectile Fragmentation of 1 AGeV 238U Experiment S235FRS March 2003
• Collaboration
• Study of p-rich Trans-lead Nuclei
• Projectile fragmentation of 238U
• FRS Setup
• Implant and Decay Setup
• Particle Identification (A Q Z)
• (1) Select fully stripped ions in both stages
• (2) Purification according to position at s4
• (3) Identification of individual isotopes
• Production yields for Pa Th and Ac (preliminary)
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• Some Perspectives
• Summary