Product Stewardship InstituteUltimate Disposal of Pharmaceuticals

January 12, 2010

By John G. WaffenschmidtV.P., Environmental Science and Community Affairs

Leading Producer of Energy-from-Waste• Largest Energy-from-Waste (EfW)

operator in the world

– Global presence; local relationships

– North America, Asia & Europe

– 4,000 employees

• 44 EfW facilities owned and/or operated

– Serve more than 12 million people

– 19 million tons of waste per year

– 9,000,000 MW-hr of renewable electricity/yr

– 400,000 tons of metal recycled each year

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Covanta Operates in 18 States and Canada

Covanta

Number one position in the

U.S. Energy-from-Waste industry

Environmental Management

System

Continuous Emission Monitoring System

(CEMS)

Odors Burned in Boilers

Ash Wetted

High-temperature Combustion

Acid Gas Scrubbers

Baghouse or ESP

Carbon Injection*

Tall Stack

Manual Stack Tests

Typical Energy from Waste Facility Air Pollution Control Systems

Enclosed Unloading

and Storage Areas

Urea Injection*

* Some Plants

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Alexandria Energy-from-Waste Facility

PermitLimit

2003 – 2007Actual Results

% Below Limit

Particulate (mg/dscm)

27 1.91 92.9%

Dioxin/Furan (ng/dscm)

30 3.81 87.3%

Mercury (µg/dscm) 80 0.62 99.2%

Lead (µg/dscm) 440 4.47 99.0%

Cadmium (µg/dscm) 40 0.25 99.4%

Note: All concentrations corrected to 7%

oxygen.

Actual vs. Allowable Emissions

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Alexandria vs. EU Standard

Lower Limit 2003-2007Actual Results

% Below Limit

Particulate (mg/dscm)

14 1.91 86%

Dioxin/Furan (ng/dscm)

4.1 3.81 7%

Mercury (µg/dscm) 69 0.62 99.1%

Lead (µg/dscm) 702 4.47 99.4%

Cadmium (µg/dscm) 7 0.25 96.4%

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Summary Thoughts

• EfW and hazardous waste incineration will provide the same thermal destruction and environmental protection, 100% destruction, emissions without health risks

• Pharmaceuticals, if not reverse distributed, should never be flushed, they should either be burned or rendered unrecognizable, unusable and landfilled

• Non-hazardous wastes should not be sent to hazardous waste incinerators

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