Product Availability from A to Z
-
Upload
jill-reeves -
Category
News & Politics
-
view
252 -
download
1
Transcript of Product Availability from A to Z
![Page 1: Product Availability from A to Z](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed54471a28abbb2a8b46ad/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Product AvailabilityFrom A to Z….
Megan Dangel, P.E.Technical Services Engineer – Central Plains Cement
Company
NCPA – Concrete Paving WorkshopJanuary 20, 2016
![Page 2: Product Availability from A to Z](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed54471a28abbb2a8b46ad/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
• Current product availability• Possible alternatives• History of slag cement• How it is reclaimed and collected• How they work • Characteristics and Benefits• What this means to Nebraska
Learning Objectives
![Page 3: Product Availability from A to Z](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed54471a28abbb2a8b46ad/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Product Availability
• Cement• Fly Ash ???The Perfect Storm
![Page 4: Product Availability from A to Z](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed54471a28abbb2a8b46ad/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Image source: American Coal Ash Association
Product Availability
![Page 5: Product Availability from A to Z](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed54471a28abbb2a8b46ad/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Product AvailabilityFly Ash – The Perfect Storm?
![Page 6: Product Availability from A to Z](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed54471a28abbb2a8b46ad/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
As of January 2014, 40.5 GW of coal-fired capacity publically announced retirement effective through 2020
Product AvailabilityFly Ash – The Perfect Storm?
![Page 7: Product Availability from A to Z](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed54471a28abbb2a8b46ad/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Image source: ENERGY INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION, FORM EIA-860, “ANNUAL ELECTRIC GENERATOR REPORT.”
Product AvailabilityFly Ash – The Perfect Storm?
![Page 8: Product Availability from A to Z](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed54471a28abbb2a8b46ad/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
• 204 generating units in over 25 states
• >11% reduction in total coal fired generating capacity
• >40% of capacity reduction in Midwest, Mid Atlantic, and Southeast states
• >7 Million ton reduction in fly ash production
204>11%
>40%
>7 Source: ENERGY INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION, FORM
EIA-860, “ANNUAL ELECTRIC GENERATOR REPORT.”
Product AvailabilityFly Ash – The Perfect Storm?
![Page 9: Product Availability from A to Z](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed54471a28abbb2a8b46ad/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Possible Alternatives
• Class N Pozzolans• Calcined clay & shale• Metakaolin• Diatomaceous earth• Volcanic ash
• Lithium Nitrate • Slag Cement
![Page 10: Product Availability from A to Z](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed54471a28abbb2a8b46ad/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
What is slag cementMore important…..what do we call it?
• Finely ground material consisting of primarily calcium and aluminum silicates• Uses as a partial replacement for portland
cement• Names• Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag• GGBFS• Slag• Slag Cement• Trademark Name
Best General Term
![Page 11: Product Availability from A to Z](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed54471a28abbb2a8b46ad/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Roman cements
and concrete
Aspdinpatentsportlandcement
Slag cement produced as a separat
e materia
l
Widespread use in Eastern
U.S.
Loriotmakesslag- lime
mortar
First slag-portla
nd blend
ed cemen
ts
...300-500 BC 1824 1950’s 2000’s1774 1890’s 1982
Rapid expansion throughout U.S.
History of slag cement
![Page 12: Product Availability from A to Z](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed54471a28abbb2a8b46ad/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Reclaimed and CollectedThe Blast Furnace
![Page 13: Product Availability from A to Z](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed54471a28abbb2a8b46ad/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Reclaimed and Collected
![Page 14: Product Availability from A to Z](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed54471a28abbb2a8b46ad/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Reclaimed and Collected
![Page 15: Product Availability from A to Z](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed54471a28abbb2a8b46ad/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Reclaimed and Collected
![Page 16: Product Availability from A to Z](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed54471a28abbb2a8b46ad/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
16
Reclaimed and Collected
![Page 17: Product Availability from A to Z](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed54471a28abbb2a8b46ad/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Reclaimed and Collected
![Page 18: Product Availability from A to Z](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed54471a28abbb2a8b46ad/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
• Portland Cement• 370 m2/kg
• Fly Ash• 650 m2/kg
• Slag Cement• 550 m2/kg
• Cigarette Smoke• 3500 m2/kg
• Silica Fume• 4000 m2/kg
Characteristics and Benefits Particle Sizes of Slag Cement
![Page 19: Product Availability from A to Z](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed54471a28abbb2a8b46ad/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Void(including Ca[OH]2)SCM(ie. Slag)
Additional glue(from SCM hydration, including
converted Ca[OH]2)
Portland Cement
C-S-H(glue formed when cement
hydrates)
SAND
How Slag Cement Works
![Page 20: Product Availability from A to Z](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed54471a28abbb2a8b46ad/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Plastic Properties• Better slump retention
• Enhanced workability
• Easier consolidation
• Improved pumpability
• Superior finishability
• Consistent air content
Properties and Characteristics
Hardened Properties• Improved compressive & flexural strengths
• Reduced permeability
• Improved corrosion resistance
• Increased resistance to sulfate attack & ASR
• Reduced heat generation
![Page 21: Product Availability from A to Z](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed54471a28abbb2a8b46ad/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
• ASR is a constant concern
• Several published recommended guidelines for mitigating ASR• AASHTO PP 65
• Easily downloaded program to navigate specifications
How it Relates to Nebraska
![Page 22: Product Availability from A to Z](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed54471a28abbb2a8b46ad/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
How it relates to NebraskaAASHTO PP 65
![Page 23: Product Availability from A to Z](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed54471a28abbb2a8b46ad/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
• Current product availability• Possible alternatives• History of slag cement• How it is reclaimed and collected• How they work • Characteristics and Benefits• What this means to Nebraska
Learning Objectives