Process Intensification for Autothermal Reaction · Process Intensi cation for Autothermal Reaction...
Transcript of Process Intensification for Autothermal Reaction · Process Intensi cation for Autothermal Reaction...
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks
Process Intensification for AutothermalReaction
Manal Moftah Saleh
University of Wollongong
November, 2015
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks
Presentation Outline
1 Introduction
2 Objectives of the research
3 work done so farModel equationsThe required feed temperature for 90 % conversion in R1Steady-state solutions
4 Conclusion
5 Thanks
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks
Motivation
The world is currently facing critical challenges:
Future energy requirements.
Greenhouse emissions.
Rising oil prices and “peak” oil resources
Possible solutions:
natural gas → syngas → liquid fuels/H2.
Aim: develop mathematical models for autothermal processesto maximize product concentration.
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks
Motivation
The world is currently facing critical challenges:
Future energy requirements.
Greenhouse emissions.
Rising oil prices and “peak” oil resources
Possible solutions:
natural gas → syngas → liquid fuels/H2.
Aim: develop mathematical models for autothermal processesto maximize product concentration.
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks
Models based on CSTR. Advantages are:
Operated continuously.
Reduces running costs.
Relatively easy to maintain temperature control.
Control of the equipment and grade of final product issimplified.
Single or cascade.
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks
Models based on CSTR. Advantages are:
Operated continuously.
Reduces running costs.
Relatively easy to maintain temperature control.
Control of the equipment and grade of final product issimplified.
Single or cascade.
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks
Models based on CSTR. Advantages are:
Operated continuously.
Reduces running costs.
Relatively easy to maintain temperature control.
Control of the equipment and grade of final product issimplified.
Single or cascade.
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks
Models based on CSTR. Advantages are:
Operated continuously.
Reduces running costs.
Relatively easy to maintain temperature control.
Control of the equipment and grade of final product issimplified.
Single or cascade.
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks
Models based on CSTR. Advantages are:
Operated continuously.
Reduces running costs.
Relatively easy to maintain temperature control.
Control of the equipment and grade of final product issimplified.
Single or cascade.
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks
Models based on CSTR. Advantages are:
Operated continuously.
Reduces running costs.
Relatively easy to maintain temperature control.
Control of the equipment and grade of final product issimplified.
Single or cascade.
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks
Autothermal reactor
What is an autothermalreactor?
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks
Presentation Outline
1 Introduction
2 Objectives of the research
3 work done so farModel equationsThe required feed temperature for 90 % conversion in R1Steady-state solutions
4 Conclusion
5 Thanks
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks
Objectives of the research
Investigate the chemical mechanism
AQ1<0−−−→k1
BQ2>0−−−→k2
C·
where ki = ai exp[−EiRTi
]i = 1, 2.
Maximize the product concentration (C ).
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks
Presentation Outline
1 Introduction
2 Objectives of the research
3 work done so farModel equationsThe required feed temperature for 90 % conversion in R1Steady-state solutions
4 Conclusion
5 Thanks
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks
Diabatic CSTR
A diabatic process is a process that occurs with the transfer ofheat between a system and its surroundings.
T1,Catalyst 1 T2,Catalyst 2- - -
T(a,1) T(a,2)
q,T0,A0 A2,B2,C2A1,B1
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks
Characteristic Temperature Tc
Normally reaction terms written as
a exp
[E
RT
].
The pre-exponential factor in the studied model is written as
a =Eα
RT 2c
exp
[E
RTc
].
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks
Dimensional model equations: Reactor one
Concentration of reactant A
V1dA1
dt= q(A0 − A1)− V1a1 exp
[−E1
RT1
]A1. (1)
Concentration of intermediate B
V1dB1
dt= q(B0 − B1) + V1a1 exp
[−E1
RT1
]A1. (2)
Concentration of product C
V1dC1
dt= q(C0 − C1) + 0. (3)
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks
Temperature inside the reactor
cpgρgV1dT1
dt= qcpgρg (T0 − T1) -Q1V1a1 exp
[−E1
RT1
]A1
− J1χ1S1(T1 − Ta,1). (4)
The pre-exponential factor
a1 =E1α
RT 2c1
exp
[E1
RTc1
]. (5)
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks
Reactor two:
Concentration of reactant A
V2dA2
dt= q(A1 − A2) + 0. (6)
Concentration of reactant B
V2dB2
dt= q(B1 − B2)− V2a2 exp
[−E2
RT2
]B2. (7)
Concentration of reactant C
V2dC2
dt= q(C1 − C2) + V2a2 exp
[−E2
RT2
]B2. (8)
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks
Temperature inside the reactor
cpgρgV2dT2
dt= qcpgρg (T1 − T2)+Q2V2a2 exp
[−E2
RT2
]B2
− J2χ2S2(T2 − Ta,2). (9)
The pre-exponential factor
a2 =E2α
RT 2c2
exp
[E2
RTc2
]. (10)
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks
A∗1 = 0.1
(a) Q1 = 205.8(KJ mol−1) (b) Q1 = 100(KJ mol−1)
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks
Steady-state diagrams (A∗1 = 0.1)
(c) Tc2 = 405(K). (d) Tc2 = 435(K).
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks (e) Tc2 = 442(K). (f) Tc2 = 448(K).
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks (g) Tc2 = 464(K). (h) Tc2 = 511(K).
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks
LP unfolding diagram
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks
LP unfolding diagram
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks
LP unfolding diagram
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks
LP unfolding diagram
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks
LP unfolding diagram
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks
LP unfolding diagram
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks
LP unfolding diagram
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks
The key idea
90 % conversion (C ∗2 = 0.9).
A∗1 < 0.1.
Six steady-state diagrams.
LPig < 298(K)
LP unfolding diagram.
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks
Presentation Outline
1 Introduction
2 Objectives of the research
3 work done so farModel equationsThe required feed temperature for 90 % conversion in R1Steady-state solutions
4 Conclusion
5 Thanks
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks
Conclusion
Reaction occurring in two reactors: endothermic in R1and exothermic in R2.
high conversion in R1 (low endothermicity).
Steady-state solutions.
Interesting results.
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks
Conclusion
Reaction occurring in two reactors: endothermic in R1and exothermic in R2.
high conversion in R1 (low endothermicity).
Steady-state solutions.
Interesting results.
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks
Conclusion
Reaction occurring in two reactors: endothermic in R1and exothermic in R2.
high conversion in R1 (low endothermicity).
Steady-state solutions.
Interesting results.
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks
Conclusion
Reaction occurring in two reactors: endothermic in R1and exothermic in R2.
high conversion in R1 (low endothermicity).
Steady-state solutions.
Interesting results.
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks
Presentation Outline
1 Introduction
2 Objectives of the research
3 work done so farModel equationsThe required feed temperature for 90 % conversion in R1Steady-state solutions
4 Conclusion
5 Thanks
ProcessIntensification
forAutothermal
Reaction
Manal MoftahSaleh
Introduction
Objectives ofthe research
work done sofar
Model equations
The requiredfeed temperaturefor 90 %conversion in R1
Steady-statesolutions
Conclusion
Thanks
Acknowledgment
Libyan government through the awarding of a PhDscholarship.
Assoc Prof. Mark I Nelson and co-supervisors.
My family (husband) for preceding help and suitableenvironment.
The organiser of NSW ANZIAM meeting.