Process and application - zcu.cz
Transcript of Process and application - zcu.cz
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Streamfinishing Process and application
Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Dierk Telljohann
OTEC Präzisionsfinish GmbH
Dieselstrasse 8-12
75334 Straubenhardt
www.otec.de
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1. Definition and process description
2. SF in comparison with DF
3. Construction of the machine
4. Influencing factors
5. Areas of application and examples of application
6. Preview SF-procedure:
Pulse finishing + fast rotating work piece holder
Measuring the processing force during mass finishing
Streamfinishing 9.09.2013
Content
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1. Definition and description
Streamfinishing is a mass finishing method of DIN 8589. It is also
called abrasion finishing, because there is not always a grinding
process, but also a lapping and polishing depending on the
process.
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Streamfinishing:
short processing times
easy automation
up to 5 processing stations
Possibility to charge and discharge
in individual processing stations
during the continuous processing
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3. SF in comparison with DF
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SF – Stream-finishing process DF – Drag-finishing machine
• Deburring, edge honing, k-factor
design, the smoothing and polishing is
5 – 10 times faster than in DF because
of additional centrifugal forces
• Deburring, edge honing, smoothing and
polishing
• up to 5 processing stations, in manual
operation up to 5 tools at once, easy to
automate with robot
• up to 60 tools per batch, for manual
charging, batch operation
• Targeted/focused localized surface
processing
• Low operating effort
• also suitable for the processing of long
tools
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Measure of process forces SF/DF
Experiment setup:
Media: TZM
DF 3: rotor speed 50 rpm
SF 1: speed of process container 29 rpm
Measure of the flow force with strain gauges
data transmitter
holder
strain gauge
depth of immersion
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 50 100 150 200 250
DF
SF
0%
50%
100%
150%
200%
250%
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Eintauchtiefe110 mm
Eintauchtiefe170 mm
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Forc
e
Immersion depth
Forc
e
Speed (only SF)
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Influencing factors
Comparison of the process forces SF/DF
SF DF
Motion/Move
ment
• Process container rotation
• Driven workpiece holders
• Superposition Überlagerung of
three rotations: rotor, holders,
driven workpiece holders
Pressure • centrifugal force up to 10 G
• depth of immersion
• angle of the workpiece holder
• V max: ca. 15 m/s
• distance to process container
wall and floor
• dry/wet
• Immersion depth
• Increase/decrease of velocity in
relation to speed of the
holder/rotor
• V max: ca. 2 m/s
• distance to process container
wall and floor
• dry/wet
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3. Construction of the machine
3.1. SF-variations
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SF-5 automation SF-5
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3. 2. Container sizes and
processing stations
OTEC‘s stream-finishing machine is
available with 1–5 processing
stations. In standard machines we
use a process container diameter 680
mm with up to two stations. From
three stations on the process
container‘s diameter is 1050 mm
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3. 3. Standard work piece
holders
The stream-finishing machines are
available with various work piece
holders.
This includes e.g. a 3-jaw chuck,
drill chuck, interface 7 and 8,
collets, as well as in the automated
case e.g. a gripper.
gripper drill chuck
jaw chuck collets
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Interface S 8
The work piece
holding system
has an
integrated
clamping
system, which
is activated by
compressed-
air. Thus, a
workpiece can
be clamped.
Clamping system for workpieces with boreholes
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3. 4. Other work piece
holding systems
Special equipment such as a
high-speed spindle is necessary
for certain applications.
Areas of application:
• turbo propeller
• Rotational symmetrical parts
• Workpiece dimensions: 50mm
100g
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3. 5. Amount of lifting units
There is either a separate lifting unit per workpiece holder or a shares
lifting unit
A lifting unit each workpiece holder Shared lifting unit
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4. Influencing factors
4.1. Media
4.2. Machine parameters
processing time
direction of immersion
speed
depth of immersion
alignment of the work piece in the container
4.3. Work piece geometry
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4.1. Media
The choice of the media determines the machine‘s field of application.
They can roughly be divided into 3 classes:
1. Media for deburring/smoothing
(e.g. QZ 1-3 W, TZM 2/3, KXMA 24, DS 4/4
KM 6)
2. Media for polishing
(e.g. H1/100, H1/400, M3/400)
3. Media for tool preparation
(e.g. HSC 1/300, QZ 1-3W)
Many granulates can also be used for different tasks.
Streamfinishing
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4.1. Media
Influencing variables to the removal rate of the media
high removal
rate
the more edged
the harder
the better re-
sharpened the bigger
the heavier
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4.2. Machine parameters
Number of rotation and depth of immersion are crucial to the intensity
of the processing. By choosing the rotation direction and alignment of
the work piece, certain areas of the work piece can be streamed
precisely.
Depending on the surface of the work piece, the processing time has
to be varied.
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4.3. Work piece geometry
In the SF-machine, different work piece geometries can be processed.
Above all, turning parts and milling parts, which have to be deburred and
polished, are very suitable.
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5. Areas of application and examples of application
Media changing is very fast possible by simply changing the process container
Thus, multi-stage processing can be done efficiently. This mass finishing version
offers the possibility of specific surface processing such as deburring, grinding,
and polishing in one machine.
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5.1. Cutting edge preparation
Removal of micro-defects
Adjustment of the cutting edge (meso – and micro geometry)
Ensuring the quality characteristics of postponed processes
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5.1. Cutting edge preparation / Polishing – the advantages
Not
rounded
Not
rounded
but droplets
removed
rounded
but droplets
not
removed
rounded
and
droplets
removed
*at = processed
Ch
ipp
ing
vo
lum
e Q
Very great improvement of the chipping volume by rounding and
polishing (factor >10 compared with untreated tools)
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5.1. Cutting edge preparation / Polishing – the advantages
Faster chip flow– higher feed rate and cutting speed possible
Less chipping on the cutting edge (lower jaggedness), because of less notching
Better adhesion of the coating
Special tool Ø 32
0
0,02
0,04
0,06
0,08
0,1
0,12
0,14
0,16
0,18
0,2
Ro
ugh
ne
ss R
a [µ
m]
unprocessed
processed
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5.2. Deburring of drilling, milling and rotating drill, turn and mill bodies
Before / After
Process: QZ 1-3W with SC 15 ca. 150 seconds of processing time
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5.3. Polishing of forming tools
Prozess: M4/300 with ca. 5-10 processing time
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5.4. Deburring / polishing of worm spindles
Process: KXMA 24 ca. 1 min processing time
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5.5. Deburring / Polishing of tool holders
Process: H1/400 ca. 5 min processing time
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5.6. Rounding / Polishing of bone screws
Process: H1/400 ca. 1 min processing time
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5.7. Deburring / smoothing of gearwheels
Process: QZ 1-3W ca. 2 min processing time
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6. Preview SF-procedure
Development of procedures and plants for mechanical
surface processing
Easy automatable for charching and discharging
Process ability by monitoring and controlling of all process
parameters
permanent further development of the processing
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6.1. Example further development – Pulse finishing
The workpiece is held for example in a collet chuck and is accelerated in
the media flow in a very short time to up to 2000 rpm, then it is immediately
stopped and then accelerated again
Before processing After 1 minute without
Pulse finishing After 1 minute with
Pulse finishing
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Pulse finishing +
fast rotating work piece holder
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• In order to reduce the
processing time significantly
by an additional processing
speed
• Suitable for rotational
symmetric components
(required concentricity <0,1
mm)
• Speeds up to 8000 1/min
• Maximum work piece diameter
50 mm
• Maximum work piece length
200 mm
Fast rotating work piece holder
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• The work piece is accelerated up to 4000 1/min in less
than 1 second
• The work piece is slowed down immediately when
reaching the final speed and is accelerated in the
opposite direction („pulsed“)
• Also difficult reachable parts (e.g. cross bores of
hydraulic components, wells) can be processed,
supported by the inertia of the media and the relative
movement between the work piece and the media
• The processing largely depends on the density of the
process compound, i.e. with KXMA there is more
removal in comparison to lighter material
Pulse finishing
Streamfinishing
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• A gearbox is necessary for
automatic clamping of work
pieces
• Optional ratio: 1:1 or 2:1 (for
larger components)
• For work piece diameters up
to max. 200 mm
Pulse finishing with gearbox
Streamfinishing
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0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
0 50 100 150 200 250
Work piece diameter in mm
Maximum rotation (1/min)
Maximale Drehzahl
Fast rotating pulse finishing >5000 1/min
Limitation of the maximum speed due to the centrifugal force at the components scale (<400 g)
Maximum rotation
Streamfinishing
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0
50
100
150
200
250
0 50 100 150 200 250
Work piece diameter in mm
Strömungskraft bei 3 m/s, Media Dichte 2, c_W-Wert 1
Permissible work piece length is limited by maximum moment of inertia
Flow force of 70 1/min, Media density 2,
cW-value 1
Starting from a component diameter of 90 mm, much friction in the media is created motor torque 22 Nm
Streamfinishing
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0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
0 50 100 150 200 250
Work piece diameter in mm
Total acceleration in g
Zentrifugal- beschleunigung bei Behälterdrehzahl 70 1/min (SF-105)
Zentrifugal- beschleunigung + Tangential-beschleunigung
Centrifugal acceleration at a container speed of 70 1/min (SF-105) Centrifugal acceleration + Tangential acceleration
Starting from components diameter of 90 mm Maximum rotation speed 2000 1/min
Streamfinishing
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0
5
10
15
20
25
0 50 100 150 200 250
Work piece diameter in mm
Total speed in m/s
Strömungsgeschwindigkeit bei Behälterdrehzahl 70 1/min (SF-105)
Strömungsgeschwindigkeit + Umfangsgeschwindigkeit
Limitation of the maximum speed <22 m/s
Flow speed at a
container speed of 70 1/min (SF-105)
Flow speed +
Circumferential speed
Starting from a component diameter of 90 mm, maximum rotation 2000 1/min
Streamfinishing
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Deburring with minimum Edge honing
Streamfinishing
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Deburring of rotating blades Purpose: Deburing with minimum edge honing and smoothing Processing time: 3 min. Angle B: 35° Direction Rotating Container: 100% CC Speed container : 70 1/min. Direction Rotating work piece 6 sec. C/ 6 sec. CC (Puls-Finishing) Speed work piece : 3000 I/min. Media: H1/400 + M18 Rotating blades are used for to cutting meat in a certain shape.
Streamfinishing
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Burnishing of aluminium
Streamfinishing
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Polishing
• 1 min, wet polishing, Media: KXMA 24, Spindle: 2000 rpm, Stainless steel, Angle B=0°, Container-Speed: 65 rpm
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Deburring
• 1 min, wet polishing, Aluminum, Media: KXMA 24,
Spindle: 2000 rpm (1 sec left, 1 sec right, pulsed), Angle
B=15°, Container-Speed 60 rpm
Streamfinishing
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Deburring of pipes
• 4 min, wet grinding, aluminium, Media: KXMA 24,
Spindle: 4000 rpm (1 sec left, 1 sec right, pulsed), Angle
B=25°, Container-Speed 65 rpm
Streamfinishing
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Deburring of pipes
Before processing After Processing
Streamfinishing
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Polishing of Tap drills
• 1 min, dry polishing, Carbide, Media: H1/400, Spindle:
2000 rpm (1 sec left, 1 sec right, pulsed), Angle B=0°,
Container-Speed 80 rpm
Streamfinishing
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Deburring of inner contours
• 2x1 min, media: HSC 1/300, spindle: 4000 rpm, angle
B=15°, container speed 80 rpm
Streamfinishing
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Deburring with „Pulse finishing“
Streamfinishing
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0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80
Fo
rce a
t m
id p
oin
t N
Speed of drum in 1/min
Zylinder d=10
Zylinder d=20
Zylinder d=30
Kugel d=30
Kugel d=40
Distance from
workpiece to
drum wall
100 mm
2. DS 3-3: 40-70 1/min Immersion depth 150 mm
Cylinder d=10
Cylinder d=20
Cylinder d=30
Ball d=30
Ball d=40
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3. KM6 : 70 1/min Immersion depth 50-150 mm
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Fo
rce a
t m
id p
oin
t N
Immersion depth of specimens in mm
Zylinder d=20
Zylinder d=10
Zylinder d=30
Kugel d=30
Kugel d=40
Distance from
workpiece to
drum wall
100 mm
Cylinder d=10
Cylinder d=20
Cylinder d=30
Ball d=30
Ball d=40
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0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80
Fo
rce a
t m
id p
oin
t N
Speed of drum in 1/min
Zylinder d=10
Zylinder d=20
Zylinder d=30
Kugel d=30
Kugel d=40
4. KM 6: 40-70 1/min Immersion depth 150 mm
Distance from
workpiece to
drum wall
100 mm
Cylinder d=10
Cylinder d=20
Cylinder d=30
Ball d=30
Ball d=40
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7.1. Processing force with large cylindrical part
Machine SF 3
Drum double-walled
No water through-flow (wet filling level)
Media PSF10
Age of media approx. 10 h
Distance from drum wall approx. 80 mm
Drum diameter 1050 mm
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7.2. Processing force with large cylindrical part
Type of clamp Rigid holder
Water level in drum 140 mm
Media level (levelled off) 220 mm
Distance from tip of tool to bolt of bayonet
240 mm
Immersion angle 35˚
Total weight including holder 18.8 kg
External dimensions of workpiece Ø245 mm h = 61.5 mm
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Direction
of drum
rotation
Direction
of holder
rotation
Speed of
drum
Power consumption
of drum drive motor
Flow force
Counter-
clockwise
Clockwise 60 1/min 8.8 A 405 N
Fully
immersed
part
7.3. Processing force with large cylindrical part
240 mm
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58
Thank you very much
for your attention!
9.09.2013 Streamfinishing