Sustainable Livestock Production in the Perspective of Food Security, Policy, Genetic Resources, and Climate Change

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SUSTAINABLE LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IN THE

PRESPECTIVE OF FOOD SECURITY, POLICY, GENETIC

RESOURCES, AND CLIMATE CHANGE

PROCEEDINGS

FULL PAPERS

Editors:

Subandriyo

Kusmartono

Krishna Agung Santosa

Edi Kurnianto

Agung Purnomoadi

Akhmad Sodiq

Komang G. Wiryawan

Siti Darodjah

Ismeth Inounu

Darmono

Atien Priyanti

Peter Wynn

Jian Lin Han

Jih Tay-Hsu

Zulkifli Idrus

The 16th AAAP Congress

Cataloguing-in-Publication Data

The 16th Asian-Australasian Associations of Animal Production Socities

Proceedings Full Papers

Sustainable Livestock Production in the Perspective of

Food Security, Policy, Genetic Resources, and Climate Change

10-14 November 2014, Yogyakarta, Indonesia / editors Subandriyo et al;

2825 p: ill.; 21 x 29,7 cm

Organized by Indonesian Society of Animal Sciences

In Collaboration with Ministry of Agriculture

Faculty of Animal Sciences Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISBN 978-602-8475-87-7

1. Livestock 2. Food Security 3. Policy

4. Genetic Resources 5. Climate Change

I. Title II. Subandriyo

Scope of AAAP: AAAP is established to devote for the efficient animal production in the Asian-Australasian region through national, regional, international cooperation and academic conferences. Brief History of AAAP: AAAP was founded in 1980 with 8 charter members representing 8 countries-those are Australia, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, New Zealand, Philippines and Thailand. Then, the society representing Taiwan joined AAAP in 1982 followed by Bangladesh in 1987, Papua New Guinea in 1990, India and Vietnam in 1992, Mongolia, Nepal and Pakistan in 1994, Iran in 2002, Sri Lanka and China in 2006 , thereafter currently 19 members. Major Activities of AAAP: Biennial AAAP Animal Science Congress, Publications of the Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences and proceedings of the AAAP congress and symposia and Acknowledgement awards for the contribution of AAAP scientists.

Organization of AAAP:

∙ President: Recommended by the national society hosting the next biennial AAAP Animal Science Congress and approved by Council meeting and serve 2 years. ∙ Two Vice Presidents: One represents the present host society and the other represents next host society of the very next AAAP Animal Science Congress. ∙ Secretary General: All managerial works for AAAP with 6 years term by approval by the council ∙ Council Members: AAAP president, vice presidents, secretary general and each presidents or representative of each member society are members of the council. The council decides congress venue and many important agenda of AAAP

Office of AAAP: Decided by the council to have the permanent office of AAAP in Korea. Currently # 909 Korea Sci &Tech Center Seoul 135-703, Korea Official Journal of AAAP: Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. ISSN 1011-2367. http://www.ajas.info) is published monthly with its main office in Korea

Current 19 Member Societies of AAAP: ASAP(Australia), BAHA(Bangladesh), CAASVM(China), IAAP(India), ISAS(Indonesia), IAAS(Iran), JSAS(Japan), KSAST(Korea), MSAP(Malaysia), MLSBA(Mongolia), NASA(Nepal), NZSAP(New Zealand), PAHA(Pakistan), PNGSA(Papua New Guinea), PSAS(Philippines), SLAAP(Sri Lanka), CSAS(Taiwan), AHAT(Thailand), AHAV(Vietnam). Previous Venues of AAAP Animal Science Congress and AAAP Presidents

I 1980 Malaysia S. Jalaludin II 1982 Philippines V. G. Arganosa III 1985 Korea In Kyu Han IV 1987 New Zealand A. R. Sykes V 1990 Taiwan T. P. Yeh VI 1992 Thailand C. Chantalakhana VII 1994 Indonesia E. Soetirto VIII 1996 Japan T. Morichi IX 2000 Australia J. Ternouth X 2002 India P. N. Bhat XI 2004 Malaysia Z. A. Jelan XII 2006 Korea I. K. Paik XIII 2008 Vietnam N.V. Thien XIV 2010 Taiwan L.C. Hsia XV 2012 Thailand C.Kittayachaweng XVI 2014 Indonesia Yudi.Guntara.Noor

AAAP is the equal opportunity organization Copyright® : AAAP

Proceedings of the 16th AAAP Animal Science Congress Vol. II

10-14 November 2014, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

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CONTENTS

ORAL PRESENTATION

Code Title Page

Genetic and Reproduction

Large Ruminants A 15 ID Effects of Estrous Synchronization of Bali Cattle Using PGF2α

Indira P N, Ismaya and Kustono

1

A 34 IN Prediction of 305 Days Lactation Milk Yield from Fortnightly Test Milk Yields in Hill Cattle under Field Conditions R K Pundir

5

A 42 ID Development of Technology Production of Frozen of Swamp Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) in the Kampar Regency Yendraliza, C. Arman and J. Handoko

9

A 116 ID Analysis of Reproductive Efficiency in Peranakan Ongole (PO)- and its Crosses with Limousin (LIMPO) Cattle in East Java, Indonesia S. Suyadi and H. Nugroho

13

A 135 ID Performance Test and Genetic Potency of Bali Cattle Using Animal Recording Software Luqman Hakim and V.M. Ani Nurgiartiningsih

17

A 141 ID Application of Genetic Marker Technology for Predicting Twinning Trait in Ongole Cattle Endang Tri Margawati, Indriawati and Muhamad Ridwan

21

A 201 ID Membrane Status, Acrosome and Sperm Quality of Ongole Cross Bred Bull after Sexing Using Percoll Density-Gradient Centrifugation and Albumin Separation Trinil Susilawati, Sri Rahayu, Herni Sudarwati, Eko Nugroho,

Setiabudi Udrayana and Lieyo Wahyudi

25

A 246 ID Phylogenetic Analysis of Simeulue Buffalo Breed of Indonesian through Mitochondrial D-loop Region Eka Meutia Sari, M. Yunus and Mohd. Agus Nashri Abdullah

29

A 339 JP Genetic Polymorphisms and Their Association with Growth and Carcass Traits in Japanese Black Steers F.N. Jomane, T. Ishida, K. Morimoto, T. Tokunaga and H. Harada

33

A 413 ID The Effect of Straw Position in Nitrogen Vapour During Equilibration on Post-Thawing Motility and Membrane Integrity Following Quick Freezing in Maduran Cattle Sperm H. Ratnani, MN. Ihsan, G. Ciptadi and S. Suyadi

37

Sustainable Livestock Production in the Perspective of

Food Security, Policy, Genetic Resources and Climate Change

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Code Title Page

A 419 ID Vaginal Cytological Evaluation for Ongole Crossedbreed and Limousine Ongole Crossedbreed Cows Estrous Cycle Staging Identification Widayati, D.T., Puspita, M. E. I., Asmarawati, W. and Baliarti, E.

41

A 469 ID Effect of Extender and Level of Glycerol on Post-Thaw Semen Quality of Cryopreserved Pesisir Bull as Local Cattle in West Sumatera Zaituni Udin, Hendri, Jaswandi, and T. Afriani

45

A 501 ID Interrelationship of Some Parameters on the Quality of Bali Bulls Sperms Kept under Smallholder Farms Abdul Latief Toleng, Muhammad Yusuf, Djoni Prawira Rahardja

and Rika Haryani

49

A 546 ID Effect of Sperm Collection Time on Quality and Quantity of Ongole Breed Cow Sperm Sigit Bintara, Widya Asmarawati and Wahyuningsih

53

A 554 IR Prm2 Gene Expression Profile in Epididymal Sperm of Buffalo Bull and its Relation to Sperm Quality Saberivand Adel, Golara Rafatnejad, Parisa Aparnak and Samine

Gharagozi

57

A 583 TH Genetic Variation of Thai Native Beef Cattle Using MM8, INRA063, and ILSTS054 Microsatellite Markers K. Tuntivisoottikul, K. Jirajaroenrat and S. Siriruk

61

A 624 EG Effect of Sire, Month and Year of Calving on Productive and Reproductive Traits of Friesian Cows in Egypt Elsaid Z. M. Oudah, Nazem A. Shalaby: Mohamed Helmy

65

A 654 LK Artificial Inseminations and Reproductive Performances of Cattle in Kandy District, Sri Lanka Jayasekara J.M.A.C., De Silva P.H.G.J., and Thakshala Seresinhe

69

A 684 TH Genetic Correlation between Length of Productive Life, Days Open, and 305-days Milk Yield in Crossbred Holstein Dairy Cattle P. Saowaphak, M. Duangjinda and C. Bulakul

73

A 716 ID Plasma Progesterone Concentrations during Early Pregnancy in Bali Cows and Heifers Following Oestrus Synchronization and Artificial Insemination with Sexed-Semen in Lombok Arman, C, Tjiptosumirat, T, Gunawan, M, Mastur, Priyono, J and

Erawati, B.T.R

76

A 775 AU Determining Breeding Objectives: A Novel Approach Used for Sahiwal Cattle in Pakistan David McGill, Peter Thomson, Herman Mulder and Jan Lievaart

80

A 848 TH Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Milk Production in Thailand Kalaya Boonyanuwat and Pornpamol Pattamanont

85

Proceedings of the 16th AAAP Animal Science Congress Vol. II

10-14 November 2014, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

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Code Title Page

A 887 ID The Karyotiping of Indonesian Local Cattle and Buffalo for Genetic Quality Standarization by Detection of Chromosome Aberration G. Ciptadi, M. Nur Ihsan, A. Nurgiartiningsih and Mudawamah

89

A 1063 IR Cloning, Molecular Analysis and Epitopes Prediction of Omp31 and Omp25 Genes from B. Melitensis Mojtaba Tahmoorespur, Mohammad Hadi Sekhavati, Soheil Yousefi

and Tooba Abbasssi-Daloii

93

A 1081 ID Allelic Variation of MHC DRB3 Gene in Bali and Crossbred Cattle from South Sulawesi Province Weny Dwi Ningtiyas, Muhammad Ihsan Andi Dagong, Lellah

Rahim, Sri Rachma Aprilita Bugiwaty and Andi Baso Lompengeng

Ishak

97

Small Ruminants A 97 BD Stages of Seminiferous Epithelium Cycle and Rate of Germ Cell

Apoptosis in Adult Testis of Japanese Native Shiba Goat AKM Ahsan Kabir, Yasufumi Goto, Ichiro Onayama, Zubaida

Gulshan, Jun-You LI and Noboru Manabe

101

A 115 MX Genetic Correlations among Stayability and Conformation Traits in US Dairy Goats Vicencio-Reyes, C.V., Montaldo H.H., Molina-Ochoa, J., Gutiérrez-

Chávez and A.J. Valencia-Posadas, M.

105

A 204 NE Mitochondrial DNA Diversity in Nepalese Goats (Capra hircus) N.A. Gorkhali, B.S. Shrestha, Y.H. Ma and J.L. Han

109

A 313 ID Suplementation of Growth Differentiation Factor 9 and Insulin Transferrin Selenium on Oocyte Maturation in Vitro in Indonesian Goats Sri Firmiaty , G. Ciptadi, S. Wahjuningsih, N. Jadid and S. Suyadi

113

A 688 ID Phenotypic Characterization of Gembrong Goat Dyah Maharani, Sigit Bintara, I Gede Suparta, Lies Mira Yusiati,

Sumadi and Jafendi Purba Sidadolog

117

A 779 TH Genetic Parameters for Weight and Size at Birth in Saanen Goat Mongkol Thepparat, Sansak Nakavisut, and Suwit Anothaisinthawee

120

A 891 ID Phenotypic Similarity of Local Ettawah Crossbreed Goat in Different Breeding Locations Mudawamah, I.D. Retnaningtyas, V.M.A.Nurgiartiningsih, and

C.D.K. Bottema

124

A 936 ID Rescue Program of Gembrong Goat from Extinction through Proposive Mating Based on 12-Microsatellite Markers Sri Sulandari, M. Syamsul Arifin Zein, Jakaria, Ida Bagus Gaga

Partama, I Made Londra and Suprio Guntoro

128

Sustainable Livestock Production in the Perspective of

Food Security, Policy, Genetic Resources and Climate Change

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Code Title Page

Small Ruminant J 148 ID Combination Effect of Clove and Orange Peel Oils on in Vitro and in

Vivo Rumen Methane Production in Goat M. N. Rofiq and M. Görgülü

1331

J 1118 ID Methane Production in Sheep Fed in Different Time of Feeding (Day vs Night) A. Purnomoadi, M.N. Aprilliza-AM, T.A. Nugroho, W Sukaryadilaga,

E. Rianto, O. Enishi and M. Kurihara

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Poultry J 572 ID Assessment of Backyard Poultry Raising Systems in Indonesia to

Reduce Avian Influenza Risk S. Muharsini, R.M.A. Adjid, M. Saepulloh, R. Maryam, S. E.

Estuningsih, R. Z. Ahmad,A. Kusumaningsih, E. Wiedosari and

Indraningsih

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J 756 TW Comparison of Adverse Effect of Nonylphenol between Sperm Count and Egg Production in Brown Tsaiya M. C. Cheng, H. I. Chiang, C. M. Hung,Y. H. Chen, M. Y. Tsai, M. P.

Cheng, and Y. K. Fan

1342

J 850 TH Inventory, Characterization, Evaluation, and in Situ Conservation of Thai Indigenous Poultry in Thailand P. Leungmaneewech, K. Boonyanuwat, and S. Phedeekhai

1345

Forage Agrostology

Large Ruminant K 273 ID Performance of Brachiaria humiducola CV. Tully and Cattle Gain in

Coconut Based Farming David A. Kaligis and Selvie D. Anis

1349

K 459 ID The Potential Development of Ruminant Livestock on Pasture in Nagekeo Regency, Indonesia Karti, P.D.M.K., I.G. Permana, L. Abdullah, F.D. Riptianingsih and

J Nulik

1353

K 502 VN Effect of Cattle Manure Application Method on Forage Production of Panicum maximum in Central Coastal Vietnam Van, N.H., Ba, N.X., Tung, H.V., Smith, R.W, Lane, P.A. and

Parsons, D.

1357

K 582 ID The Effect of Planting Space and Harvesting Period on Dry Matter Production of Edamame Soybean Straw in Samigaluh, Kulonprogo, Yogyakarta Nafiatul Umami, Cuk Tri Noviandi, Bambang Wahyudi and Susanna

Atri

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Code Title Page

K 727 ID Agronomic Performance of Leucaena leucocephala cv. Tarramba in Tropical Environment of Sumbawa Tanda Panjaitan, Muhammad Fauzan, Dahlanuddin, Michael

Halliday, and Max Shelton

1365

K 745 ID Productivity and Species Diversity of Domestic Forage Based on Altitude in Malang Regency, East Java

Iwan Prihantoro, Fransiska Rahmadani, Agustinus Tri Aryanto and

M. Agus Setiana

1369

K 885 ID Effects of Land Type on Vegetative Character (Germination, Leaves, Stems) and Rooting (Heavy, Long, Nodule) of Peanut (Arachis

hypogaea) Bambang Suwignyo, S. Al - Kautsar and Bambang Suhartanto

1373

K 941 ID The Effect of Legumes Mulch as Fertilizer on Growth Characteristics and Production of Rumput Benggala (Panicum maximum) Lizah Khairani and Iin Susilawati

1377

POSTER PRESENTATION

Code Title Page

Genetic and Reproduction

Large Ruminant

A 63 BT Effect of Traditional Inter-Species Crossing (Bos indicus x Bos

frontalis) on Cattle Productivity in Bhutan Nar B Tamang, Tashi Samdup and John Perkins

1383

A 107 KR Molecular Genetic Evaluation of Korean Native Cattle Breeds Using Microsatellite Markers Sangwon Suh, Mi-Jeong Byun, Chang-Yeon Cho, Seong-Bok Choi,

Young-Sin Kim, Yeoung-Gyu Ko and Jae-Hwan Kim

1387

A 163 ID Reproductive Performance of Brahman Cows Kept in Individual or Group Pens in East Java, Indonesia D. Ratnawati, L. Affandhy, D.A. Indrakusuma, D.E. Mayberry and

D.P. Poppi

1390

A 167 LK Genetic Parameters and the Effect of Production and Type Traits on Productive Life of Korean Holsteins at First Lactation Nidarshani Wasana, Gwang Hyun Cho, Su Bong Park, Si Dong

Kim, Jae Gwan Choi, Byung Ho Park and Chang Hee Do

1394

A 171 KR An Analysis of Monthly Measured Acetone and β Hydroxybutyrate Acid in Milk of Holstein Cows Yang Shin Chul, Gwang Hyun Cho, Chan Hyuk Park, Hyung Jun

Song and Chang Hee Do

1398

Effects of Land Type Character on Vegetative (Leaves, Branches) And Rooting (Weight, Long, Nodule)of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea)

Bambang Suwignyo1, S. Al – Kautsar and Bambang Suhartanto Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Corresponding email: bsuwignyo@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT This study Aimed to determine the difference types of soilon germination, number of leaf, stems, roots and number of root nodules of peanut (Arachis hypogaea)planted in the area of exs Merapi eruption.Research was conducted in the former lands and pyroclastic eruption of Merapi in the Cangkringan, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Sandy soil material originated from the eruption (lava) and former Merapi hot clouds was divided into three plots with three bed replications peanuts, with the same dung fertilizer. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) using computer software (SPSS) version of 16. Soil analysis resultedthe levels of C, BO, and N-total land area of hot clouds was greater than soil area of exs eruption material (lava). Vegetative character of peanuts planted in the exs Merapi eruption versus hot clouds versus was not significanly different, except the number of leaves (P<0.05), meanwhile weight of roots andlength of roots was also significanlty different (P<0.05).As a feedstuff(from the number of leaves) peanuts were planted on exs Merapi eruption showed better compare with plants grown in the land of hot clouds.

Key Words: peanuts, Merapi Soil, fertilizer, vegetative charateristic, quality INTRODUCTION

At the time of the eruption of Mount Merapi, a variety of volcanic material ejected into the air and very high temperature lava flooded the surrounding area. The content contained in volcanic material can be a gas, sand, rocks, sulfur, hot clouds also called "wedhus trash" (Abrianto, 2010). When Merapi eruption, there is land affected by hot clouds and volcanic ash but not directly hit by Merapi lava material in the form of sand and stone. Both types of the original land was agricultural land. After the eruption may be different due to the intervention experienced by different materials, although both had similar heating process. Hot clouds formed also causes acid rain which endanger health or the environment. Toxicities of this heat in the cloud can reduce soil fertility and mortality.

Volcanic ash is quite potential to improve soil fertility, due to weathering of the material contained in the volcanic ash will produce nutrient-nutrient Ca, Mg, Na, K, and micro elements (Cu) that plants need. Volcanic ash cover is relatively thick (<20 cm), can be done by mixing the effort at the time of tillage layer by farmers. But when of coverage> 20 cm, rehabilitation efforts with r subsoile tool will be able to be implemented properly.

Restoration of agricultural land needs to be done as an accelerated recovery of the ecosystem of Mount Merapi conditions needs to be studied and carried through conservation efforts. Under existing conditions, the researchers wanted to determine the effect of different land types on peanut plants in the vegetative character (germination, leaves, and stems) and roots (weight, length, nodule) using manure without composting process.

METHODOLOGY This study was carried out in former agricultural land material and pyroclastic eruption Hamlet Paging Ravine, Kepuharjo Village, Cangkringan, Sleman District, Yogyakarta Special Region from March 2012 to July 2012.Two type of soilare Merapi eruption and pyroclastic (+ 120 m 2.), divided into two blocks with three replication beds. Bean seeds were planted in a hole as deep as 5 cm with a spacing of 50 cm x 25 cm. Basic fertilizer given a week before planting, manure ± 340 g / hole, equivalent to 6.18 tons / ha DM. In the form of

Proceedings of the 16th AAAP Animal Science Congress Vol. II10-14 November 2014, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

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cow dung mixed with the rest of the feed without the fermentation process. Subsequent fertilization with urea on bean plant at three weeks (dose of 100 kg / ha) and six weeks as much as 100 kg / ha.

Fertilizerwas analyzed for C content, BO, N-total, P-total, K-total and C/N ratio, whereas the soil samples analyzed levels of C, BO, N-Total. The percentage of seeds that grew calculated based on the ratio between the amount of beans that grow with the number of seeds planted (early 21 days from planting). The number of leaves counted from the leaves fully open and at least 50% was still green. The number of brancheswas calculated including the main stem. Root length was determined by measuring the root starting from the root base of the stem to the tip of the longest overall. Root weight was determined by weighing the roots from the base of the stem to the tip of the root. Total nodule count of the total existing nodules on the roots, whereas red root nodules were included in katgori active nodule. The number of leaves, branches, total nodule and active nodule taken from random observations of each treatment block as much as 20% of the number of 12 weekspeanut plants. Existing data in the analysis with one way ANOVA were prepared on the Completely Randomized Design (CRD). To test post hoc test was used Least Significant Different (LSD) with P <0.05 to see the connection parameters measured for each plot research (Gomez and Gomez, 1995)with the help of SPSS software version 16.

RESULTS

The results of the research data showed that quality of organic fertilizer used for peanut fertilization applications on land area after the eruption of Merapi. The data analysis is presented in Table 1 below: Table 1. Quality of manure C (%) BO (%) N Total (%) P Total (%) K Total (%) C / N

Manure 12.77 25.53 0.66 0.06 0.34 19.35

Result showed that the soil quality data used for peanut cultivation on the land area of Merapi eruption. The data analysis is presented in Table 2 as follows: Table 2. Soil quality of soil in Merapi area after eruption

Code C (%) BO (%) N tot (%)

Soil heat clouds 3.28 5.65 0.20

Soil former eruption 2.03 3.52 0.02

The results of the germination of peanuts grown in different fields are presented in Table 3. Table 3.Germination peanuts

Beds Treatment

Week-1 Week-2 Week-3 Soil hot clouds 24.2 35.6

59.5 42.4 67.9 Soil eruption 53.4

The results of the study the number of leaves and branches peanuts grown in different fields are presented in Table 4.

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Table 4. The number of leaves, branches, length of root (cm) and weight of peanut s root (g)

Measured Variable Beds Treatment

Soil eruption Soil hot clouds Number of leaves Bed 1

Bed 2 Bed 3

164.8 175.2 180.0

132.0 166.4 161.6

Average 173.3 153.3 Number of branches Bed 1

Bed 2 Bed 3

4.0 4.6 4.8

5.0 4.6 4.2

Average 4.5 4.6

Total nodule

Bed 1 Bed 2 Bed 3

52.2 38.0 21.0

54.8 23.0 41.0

Average 31.7 39.6

The number of active nodules Bed 1 Bed 2 Bed 3

42.4 26.8 18.5

41.6 17.8 28.6

Average 29.2 29.3 Length of Roots (cm) Bed 1

Bed 2 Bed 3

7.6 11.3 7.1

16.9 15.3 13.9

Average 8.7 q 15.4 p Weightof Roots (g) Bed 1

Bed 2 Bed 3

3.6 2.6 3.2

1.6 1.5 1.9

Average 3.1 p 1.7 q p, q superscripts indicate significant differences between treatments (P <0.01)

DISCUSSION The quality of this manure has met the ISO standard C-organic ranges between 27% - 58%, BO 21.8% - 25.53%, N-total of at least 0.40%, and the C / N ratio ranged from 20 10- (Sriharti, 2007). C content (%), BO, and N-total soil hot clouds greater than the soil exs eruption material, so the soil hot clouds can be said better than the former land of the eruption. This makes it possible to influence the activity of microorganisms present in the soil, including availability of nutrientsfor plant. Ijudin (2010) states that the land is formed of lava Merapi has physical properties such as: textured sand with very high sand content (97-99%), single grain soil structure or texture, and consistency of loose or firm. Soil has a very high aeration pore (approximately 40% by volume), the soil is very porous, and water availability is very low (about 1-3% by volume).From the data above it can be seen that the rate of germination in soil hot clouds bigger than the soil eruption material. The results of the study, the possibility of soil hot clouds provided a better growing factor in addition to the quality peanut due to availability of C, BO, and N-total compare with eruption material land.

The number of leaves of peanuts in soil eruption material wassignificanlty bigger than plants in hot clouds on land. The addition of manure to provide a balance of nutrients and physical factors sandy soil so that the soil is also able to provide the conditions for the formation of

Proceedings of the 16th AAAP Animal Science Congress Vol. II10-14 November 2014, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

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leaves and branches. Purwono and Hartono (2008) states that the bean plants require soil that is not too heavy soil that does not contain a lot of clay, such as sandy soil.

The total root nodules and active nodule peanuts planted on soil eruption material was smaller than peanuts planted in the hot cloud.Temperature can affect plant growth, root nodules and N fixation peanuts. The most favorable temperature range for the formation of bacteroids in the nodule tissue is 20-30 0 C (Subba Rao, 1994).

The root length of peanut in soil eruption material was shorter than peanut roots planted in hot clouds, while the average weight of the root was reverse. The tendency of plants to look for the intake of nutrients required by the body causing the plant to work extra hard to form long roots to reach water and nutrients. Therefore the land of hot clouds tend to have a longer roots than the former land eruption material which was dominated by sand.

CONCLUSION Land eruption and land of hot clouds after two years Merapi erupted hasdifferent physical and chemical properties change, so content of C, BO, and N-total was different. Peanut plants with the same fertilizer treatment can produce different vegetative characters and roots condition in the different field (growing media).

REFERENCES Abrianto. 2010. Dampak letusan Merapi pada ternak sapi.

<http://duniasapi.com/id/edufarming> . Diakses pada 20 Februari 2013. Balai Penelitian Tanah. 2009. Analisis Kimia Tanah, Tanaman, Air, dan Pupuk. Badan

Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian. Departemen Pertanian, Indonesia. Gomez, KA and AA Gomez, 1995. Statistic Procedure for agriculure Research (translation by

Syamsudin, E., and JS Baharsyah). Indonesian University Press. Jakarta Idjudin, Abdullah Abas., Mas Dedy S. Erfandi and Sutono.2010. Land Productivity

Enhancement Technology Deposition Merapi Volcanic Eruption Post. Yogyakarta. Purwono dan R. Hartono. 2008. Kacang Hijau. Penebar Swadaya, Jakarta. Sriharti dan Takiyah Salim.2007. Pemanfaatan Limbah Nanas Untuk Pembuatan Kompos

Menggunakan komposter Rotary Drum, Jurnal Purifikasi, Vol.8, No.1, Divisi Jurnal Purifikasi Jurusan Teknik Lingkungan FTSP-ITS bekerja sama dengan Ikatan Ahli Teknik Penyehatan dan Teknik Lingkungan Indonesia, Surabaya.

Subba Rao, N. S. 1994. Mikroorganisme Tanah dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman. Jakarta Univertas Indonesia-Press.

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