Problems with Papers
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Transcript of Problems with Papers
Problems with Papers
Mostly APA Stuphplus a tiny dose ofGRAMMAR!!!!!
Common errors
Do not include date with second citation in the same paragraph.
MUST include page # with quotes.
Don’t use etc. e.g., or i.e., outside parenthesis
Write out numbers one through nine, use numbers from 10 up.
Justification & Spacing
Don’t justify text
APA says to use double spacing, research says 1.5 spacing is easier to read. Either is Ok, but I prefer 1.5.
Cite all authors up to 6
When I see this: According to Roblyer et al. (1997), studies suggest . . .
And then check the Bibliography and see that there are THREE authors for this article, the citation should be:According to Roblyer, Edwards and Havriluk (1997),
studies suggest . . .
IF there are more than Six authors:
In text, use first author only:
(Schmoe et al., 1999).
But in reference list, include all names.
And Dots!!!
Ellipsis points to indicate omissions in quotes:
Three points, separated by spaces within sentences:Schmoe, Verboze, and Schnoz claim “in 1970 . . . the 428 Hemi was a killer V-8 application.”
Use four points to indicate that an entire sentence was omitted.
More Common Errors
Factual comments need citations:Computer anxiety is easily overcome in as little as 10 minutes by playing video games.
If opinion, say so:This writer believes that children will benefit from using Galaxy Whiz to learn basic chemistry.
Translates to: In my opinion
APA Headings in Text Body
Helps readers organize text
Helps writers organize text
Most writers only need two levels (1 & 3) (link to example-slide 28)
orThree levels (1,3 & 4) (link to example-slide 27)
Quotes Quiz: What is wrong with…….
Blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah and blah or blah, but Alessi and Trollip proposed these stages: “(1) the presentation of information or learning experiences; (2) initial guidance as the student struggles to understand the information or execute the skill to be learned; (3) extended practice to provide fluency or speed or to ensure retention; and (4) the assessment of student learning”
No Page numberMore than 40 words so block Quote:
Blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah and blah or blah, but Alessi and Trollip proposed these stages:
(1) the presentation of information or learning experiences; (2) initial guidance as the student struggles to understand the information or execute the skill to be learned; (3) extended practice to provide fluency or speed or to ensure retention; and (4) the assessment of student learning. (p. 56)
IndentWhole Quote 1” on left, none on right
No Quote Marks
Page #
Block Quote Additional
Increase left margin by 1”Do NOT change right marginDo NOT indent first line of first paragraphDo Indent subsequent paragraphs
Short QuotationsLess than 40 words
Incorporate into the text
Use double quotation marks
Second, instructional design theory . . . Should not be used. . . . . Perkins goes on to say, “Good teaching demands different methods for different occasions” (p. 53), and he describes how Theory One can underlie each of Adler’s (1982) three different ways of teaching: didactic instruction, coaching, and Socratic teaching.
Reference problems ??
Horschepouer, L. O., Tranny, E., & Morspeed, F. (1998). The Effect of Underage Children Driving Muscle Cars on Fifth Grade Language Acquisition. Journal of American Performance Cars, 66 (8), 34-42
How many problems can YOU find in the following journal article reference?
Answer:
Reference problems ??
Horschepouer, L. O., Tranny, E., & Morspeed, F. (1998). The Effect of Underage Children Driving Muscle Cars on Fifth Grade Language Acquisition. Journal of American Performance Cars, 66 (8), 34-42
How many problems can YOU find in the following journal article reference?
Answer:
No hanging indentArticle title uses caps for all wordsArticle title is undelrinedJournal name is not italicizedJournal volume number (including
parenthesis) is not italicizedPeriod is missing at end.
How did you do? Want to see the correct version? Click the Blue Mac Bean Below
The Right Way
Horschepouer, L. O., Tranny, E., & Morspeed, F. (1998). The effect of underage children driving muscle cars on fifth grade language acquisition. Journal of American Performance Cars, 66 (8), 34-42.
Note:Use italics, not underlineHanging indents for References,Regular indents OK if problems/w hanging
Journal Article; Single Author
Cross, K. P. (2001). Leading-edge efforts to improve teaching and learning: The Hesburg awards. Change, 33, 31-37.
Remember: within text, cite every time.
(Cross, 2001).
Do NOT need date 2nd appearance in paragraph.
Chapter in a BookSnelbecker, G. E. (1999). Some thoughts about
theories, perfection, and instruction. In C. M. Reigeluth (Ed.), Instructional-design theories and models: A new paradigm of
instructional theory (pp. 33-48). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.Repeat citation in Text: (Snelbecker, 1999).
Electronic Sources
Omatseye, J. N. (1999). Teaching through teleconferencing: Some curriculum challenges [Electronic version]. College Student Journal, 33, 346-353. Retrieved October 14, 2001 from the Ebscohost web database.
From a Database
Electronic Sources• Online Article-Internet Only journal
Frederickson, B. L. (2000, March 7). Cultivating positive emotions to optimize health and well-being. Prevention & Treatment, 3, Article 0001a. Retrieved October 15, 2001, from http://journals.apa.org/prevention/vol3pre0030001a.html
No Period
ITDon’t use it!!! :-)
Research suggests that authoring programs, such as Hyperstudio help students to understand concepts more deeply as well as making connections between existing information. It not only allows higher level thinking it demands it. It is a student centered, interactive learning environment suited to the discovery method of learning. It is non-linear but demands logical thought and moves students out of the role of passive learner to the role of active learner.
Research suggests that authoring programs, such as HyperStudio, help students make connections between existing information and understand concepts. HyperStudio is a student-centered interactive learning environment suited to the discovery method of learning which not only allows, but demands a higher level of thinking. HyperStudio is non-linear, but demands logical thought that moves a student from the role of passive to active learner.
A common sighting:
It is important for teachers to have a high level of awareness of what type of software fits with their type of lesson, project, or unit plan.
How ‘bout
That teachers have a high level of awareness of what type of software fits with their type of lesson, project, or unit plan is important.
Or even better:
Importantly, teachers need to have a high level of awareness of what type of software fits with their type of lesson, project, or unit plan.
So Who Is This Bozo?rO is Manuscript review board member for:
Computers in the Schools (Nationally Refereed)
Journal of Educational Computing Research (Nationally Refereed)
Journal of Research on Computing in Education Internationally Refereed)
Journal of Computing in Childhood Education Nationally Refereed)
Computers in Human Behavior (Internationally Refereed)
Design of the StudySample
The sample was preservice education students, ages 18 to 50, (M = 24.7), enrolled in an introductory computer course at a mid-Eastern university of 17,000 students. The sample was blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah Dependent measures
Stages of concern. The sample completed a version of the Stages of Concern (SoC) instrument, developed by Hall, George, and Rutherford, (1977) at the beginning of the course and blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah
Attitudes toward technology. The Attitudes Toward Personal and School Use of Computers (ATPSC) instrument designed by Troutman (1991), was utilized because it breaks blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah
Achievement. A two-part, final exam was used to assess achievement. The first part tested declarative knowledge on various learning theories, and methods of classroom technology blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah Treatment
Content. The single, two hour and 45 minute session per week, introductory computer course for preservice teachers was comprised of two major components. The first, the skills blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah
Differences. Although both course sections included most of the same content, some differences were unavoidable. The campus course included a two week multimedia development blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah
The Promise of EmailFast Personal Communication
Email is extremely fast which allows efficient communication between individuals such as professors and students. Both students and faculty typically have very blah blah blah blah blah blAccess, Speed and Accuracy
Computers are oblivious to time so email users can send/pickup messages any time they desire. Email messages, once sent, typically arrive at their destination within blah blah blah blah blah blah Mailing Lists
Most email programs allow creation of mailing lists by collecting email addresses and storing them under a “nickname”. For example, a professor may create a nickname blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah Processing Messages
Email messages can be treated the same as any digital document. Recipients can (a) save or edit messages, (b) forward messages to someone else or include the message as blah blah blah blah
The Peril of EmailBothersome Notification
Mentioned above is the automatic notification feature of some email systems that provide a screen notice and audible sound when an email message is received. Those who blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah Email Response Time
The time required to read and respond to email messages escalates exponentially when all students have access to you via email and are responding to listserv blah blah blah blah blah blah Unrealistic Response Expectations
When students understand that email travels exceptionally quickly, they often develop an expectation that a professor will respond to their email in an extremely short blah blah blah blah blah