VASAB 2010BSR INTERREG III B Neighbourhood Programme

«EAST-WEST WINDOW» 2007/132-845

Final conference St.-Petersburg, 21 October 2008

PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES OF URBAN-RURAL PARTNERSHIP DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN-RURAL PARTNERSHIP DEVELOPMENT

IN KALININGRAD REGIONIN KALININGRAD REGION

by Natalia Klimenko

Urban-rural partnership environment Urban-rural partnership environment in Kaliningrad regionin Kaliningrad region

1.1. Significant scientific heritage on urban-rural relationsSignificant scientific heritage on urban-rural relations

* Urban-rural relations concepts:* Urban-rural relations concepts:– Agri-industrial space (‘‘Agropromyshlennaya’’ sreda) (Agri-industrial space (‘‘Agropromyshlennaya’’ sreda) (Zaslavskaya, 1975)Zaslavskaya, 1975)

– Colonising space (‘‘Preodoleniye’’)Colonising space (‘‘Preodoleniye’’) (Valeev, 1986) (Valeev, 1986)

– Urban-style modernisation (‘‘Dogonyayuschaya [gorod] modernizatsiya’’)Urban-style modernisation (‘‘Dogonyayuschaya [gorod] modernizatsiya’’) (Vishnevsky, 1998) (Vishnevsky, 1998)

– Multifaceted village (‘‘Mnogolikaya derevnya’’)Multifaceted village (‘‘Mnogolikaya derevnya’’) (Alexeev, 1990) (Alexeev, 1990)

– New agri-rural space (‘‘Prostranstvo agroukladov’’) New agri-rural space (‘‘Prostranstvo agroukladov’’) (Nefedova, 2003) (Nefedova, 2003)

– ‘‘‘‘Stranger’’ peasants (‘‘Postoronniye krestyane’’)Stranger’’ peasants (‘‘Postoronniye krestyane’’) (Ekhalov, 1999) (Ekhalov, 1999)

* Urban-rural relations = perspective development of big cities

*Agricultural determinism

Urban-rural partnership environment Urban-rural partnership environment in Kaliningrad regionin Kaliningrad region

2. UR relations rather than UR partnership2. UR relations rather than UR partnership

* UR relation logistics:* UR relation logistics:– PendulumPendulum migrations of rural labour force to the city and contrarily (more rare)migrations of rural labour force to the city and contrarily (more rare)

– Urban resident recreation in the countryside

– Conurbation associated with housing in he suburb

* UR cooperation do not contribute to UR partnership:* UR cooperation do not contribute to UR partnership:– Lack of knowledge about the content of UR partnershipLack of knowledge about the content of UR partnership

– Lack of “best practice” experienceLack of “best practice” experience

– Low initiative of local and regional authoritiesLow initiative of local and regional authorities

Urban-rural partnership environment Urban-rural partnership environment in Kaliningrad regionin Kaliningrad region

3. Development of inter-municipal cooperation3. Development of inter-municipal cooperation

* A new phenomena in Russia* A new phenomena in Russia1980-1990s – development of the institute of the local self government1980-1990s – development of the institute of the local self government

* Political context of municipal associations* Political context of municipal associations

Urban-rural partnership environment Urban-rural partnership environment in Kaliningrad regionin Kaliningrad region

4.4. Reformation of spatial structure of local self governmentReformation of spatial structure of local self government* Settlements (populated locality) have no instance of authority* Settlements (populated locality) have no instance of authority

* Invalid status of almost all urban districts * Invalid status of almost all urban districts

* Inefficient municipal administration* Inefficient municipal administration

Current structure of the local self government:-Urban districts – 19- Municipal areas – 3, including 5 urban settlements and 11 rural settlements

Urban-rural partnership environment Urban-rural partnership environment in Kaliningrad regionin Kaliningrad region

5. Agricultural determinism of rural areas functions in 5. Agricultural determinism of rural areas functions in the context of systemic crisis of agricultural sectorthe context of systemic crisis of agricultural sector

* Spontaneous diversification of rural areas functions* Spontaneous diversification of rural areas functions- Industry developmentIndustry development

- House buildingHouse building

- Location of municipal infrastructureLocation of municipal infrastructure

- tourismtourism

Urban-rural partnership environment Urban-rural partnership environment in Kaliningrad regionin Kaliningrad region

6.6. Active participation of Kaliningrad region in cross-border Active participation of Kaliningrad region in cross-border cooperationcooperation

* A member of 5 of 8 euroregions with participation of regions of Russia* A member of 5 of 8 euroregions with participation of regions of Russia

“Baltic” “Saule” “Neman”

“Sheshupe” “Lyna-Lava”

* Addition development opportunities due to new knowledge and experience

Recommendation for introduction Recommendation for introduction of UR partnership in Kaliningrad regionof UR partnership in Kaliningrad region

1. Completion of the reform of local self government1. Completion of the reform of local self government

Recommendation for introduction Recommendation for introduction of UR partnership in Kaliningrad regionof UR partnership in Kaliningrad region

2.2. Development of territorial planning and inter-municipal Development of territorial planning and inter-municipal cooperation as a basis of UR partnership cooperation as a basis of UR partnership

3.3. Introduction of “economic” or “management” kinds of Introduction of “economic” or “management” kinds of municipal associationsmunicipal associations

* Broadening of Associations of municipalities of Kaliningrad * Broadening of Associations of municipalities of Kaliningrad region functioning region functioning

4.4. Introduction of UR partnership to regional strategy of Introduction of UR partnership to regional strategy of agro-industrial sector developmentagro-industrial sector development

* Agro-business development* Agro-business development

Recommendation for introduction Recommendation for introduction of UR partnership in Kaliningrad regionof UR partnership in Kaliningrad region

5. 5. Diversification of rural area functions in the context of UR Diversification of rural area functions in the context of UR partnership developmentpartnership development

* Establishment of local industrial zones:* Establishment of local industrial zones:

- manufacture and assembly of complex home appliance

- textile manufacture

- innovative manufacture

- woodworking and manufacture of furniture

- building industry

- food manufacture

6. UR networking development in the field of conurbation 6. UR networking development in the field of conurbation regulationregulation

* Harmonization inter-municipal spatial policy* Harmonization inter-municipal spatial policy

Recommendation for introduction Recommendation for introduction of UR partnership in Kaliningrad regionof UR partnership in Kaliningrad region

7. Delegation of greater power on management of recreation 7. Delegation of greater power on management of recreation areas development from federal, regional level to the areas development from federal, regional level to the municipal one municipal one

8. Development of cross-border cooperation with 8. Development of cross-border cooperation with neighbouring countriesneighbouring countries

* development of transport-logistic complex* development of transport-logistic complex

* development of tourism and recreation infrastructure* development of tourism and recreation infrastructure

* agro-industrial cooperation* agro-industrial cooperation

* international marketing* international marketing

9. Development of inter-municipal cultural exchange9. Development of inter-municipal cultural exchange

Recommendation for introduction Recommendation for introduction of UR partnership in Kaliningrad regionof UR partnership in Kaliningrad region

10. Enhancement of public service accessibility for the 10. Enhancement of public service accessibility for the populationpopulation