Problems and Challenges of Late Middle Age Christendom.
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Transcript of Problems and Challenges of Late Middle Age Christendom.
![Page 1: Problems and Challenges of Late Middle Age Christendom.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649cee5503460f949bb865/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Catholic CrisisProblems and Challenges of Late Middle
Age Christendom
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French King (Philip the Fair) convinces Pope to move to Avignon
Popes concentrated on administrative (not spiritual) matters
Lived a life of luxury
Babylonian Captivity (1309-76)
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![Page 4: Problems and Challenges of Late Middle Age Christendom.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649cee5503460f949bb865/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Gregory XI returns the Church to Rome Death leads to the election of an Italian,
Urban VI Heavy-handed ways leads to a revolt by
cardinals.
Pope Returns to Rome
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Cardinals elect Clement VII (French) & excommunicate Urban VI
Clement sets up in Avignon; Urban remains in Rome
The Great Schism
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Division of Europe
Allied with Clement Allied with Urban
France Scotland Aragon Castile Portugal
England Holy Roman Empire
(loose) Italian city-states
(move to Clement)
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The Schism confused lay people Opened the Church up to criticism Weakened its hold on the people
Damage to the Church
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Criticism of the Church
William of OccamMarsiglio of PaduaJohn WyclifJan Hus
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Both argue◦ Separation of church and state◦ Pope should have limited powers◦ Church take a back-seat to state
Conciliarists◦ Power in hands of council, not pope alone
William of Occam & Marsiglio of Padua
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Bible was the ultimate authority; not pope Translated Bible to English “Lollards” spread ideas and Bibles
John Wyclif
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Criticized indulgences Preached in Czech language in Bohemia Increased Czech nationalism, forced a
separation from Catholic church
Jan Hus
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Attempt to heal schism Elect a new pope, but other two do not
leave◦ Three popes!!!!
Council at Pisa (1409)
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Meet to:◦ End schism◦ Reform church◦ End heresy
Execute Hus End schism by electing new pope (Martin V)
Council at Constance (1414-1418)
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Confraternities◦ Groups of lay people who took on the functions of
the church Mysticism
◦ Intense religious feelings◦ Visions, “experiencing God”, the Holy Spirit, “Born
Again”
Lay Piety and Mysticism