Problem-Based Learning (PBL)

An Introduction

Begin with the End in Mind…

“The formulation of a problem is often more essential than its solution, which may be merely a matter of mathematical or experimental skills. To raise new questions, new possibilities, to regard old questions from a new angle, requires creative imagination and marks real advances. . .”

--Albert Einstein

An Effective Problem Scenario

Engages the learner in a complex problemGives only necessary informationGives learners a sense of their stake in the issueGives learners a role to play (product)

Problem-Based Learning

Requires the application of skills and knowledgeIs interdisciplinaryDevelops critical and creative thinking, collaboration, and joy in learning

The Process

Brainstorm ideas/possibilitiesRecognize the problemDefine the problemGenerate a series of steps

Set prioritiesGather informationGenerate possible solutions

Evaluate solutionsDetermine the best fit

Present the SolutionDebrief the Problem and Process

Brainstorming Ideas

In what ways is the problem authentic?What is engaging about the problem?What is the role of the students?What are the issues connected to this problem?

Recognize the Problem

What do you know about the problem? How do you know that?What information do you need to accomplish the task? How can you find it?What questions do you still have? What else should you consider?What can we do to get more information? What are some good resources?

Define the Problem

How can we as interdisciplinary artists create a work of art which exercises the creativity of each student, develops a product or presentation and offers a solution to the problem addressed?

Set Priorities

You must identify and define the problem you want to solve.You must research and find additional information to determine “What Do I/We Know/Need to Know” and create a problem statement.You should gather information, recognize that multiple solutions are possible, and determine the best fit for you.You must present the solution in a performance or product and then debrief the process you went through along the way.

Gathering Information

What are sources of information? (Where can we get information?)How do we verify source validity and determine relevance? (Is it important? How do you know?)What do you understand about the problem?

Generating Possible Solutions

Do we have enough information? What are our options?What are possible solutions?Do the proposed solutions meet the conditions in the problem statement?

Determining Best Fit

Have we considered all the stakeholders? The criteria?What are the pros and cons of each solution?In what ways might you need to defend your position?Is this a realistic solution?Have we reached consensus about the best fit?

Presenting the Solution

How can we communicate effectively with the identified audience?What should be presented and how should it be presented?What would constitute a good performance/product?

Debriefing the Problem and Process

What worked and what didn’t? How do we know?What did you see in other presentations that differed from yours?What would you have included/left out?What would be the best solution?Did everyone participate/contribute?