Priyambodo, M.Sc. -...
Transcript of Priyambodo, M.Sc. -...
• The Hardy – Weinberg law is formulated
independently by Godfrey H. Hardy and Wilhelm
Weinberg in 190
• The law is actually a mathematical model that
evaluates the effect of reproduction on the genotypic
and allelic frequencies of a population.
THE HARDY – WEINBERG LAW
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• For an autosomal locus with two alleles, the Hardy-Weinberg
law can be stated as follows:
• Assumptions—If a population is large, randomly mating,
and not affected by mutation, migration, or natural selection,
then:
• Prediction 1 —The allelic frequencies of a population do
not change;
• Prediction 2 —The genotypic frequencies stabilize (will not
change) after one generation in the proportions p2 (the
frequency of AA), 2pq (the frequency of Aa), and q2 (the
frequency of aa), where p equals the frequency of allele A
and q equals the frequency of allele a.
THE HARDY – WEINBERG LAW
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• When genotypes are in the expected proportions of p2, 2pq,
and q2, the population is said to be in Hardy-Weinberg
equilibrium.
THE HARDY – WEINBERG LAW
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p the frequency of the dominant (A) allele
q the frequency of the recessive (a) allele
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Calculated:
1. Prediction of allele frequencies
2. Prediction of genotype frequencies
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(b) RR = 0.5 x 0.5 = 0.25
Rr = 0.5 x 0.5 = 0.25
rr = 0.5 x 0.5 = 0.25
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500 mahasiswa Jurusan Biologi FMIPA Unila diketahui 196 orang
bergolongan darah A, 73 golongan B, 205 O, dan 26 AB.
Tentukan frekuensi masing-masing alelnya!
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Golongan Darah ABO
500 orang Goldar A = 196
Goldar B = 73
Goldar O = 205
Goldar AB = 26
(A+B+O)2 = A2 + 2AB + B2 + 2AO + 2BO + O2
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Frekuensi Alel O
O2 = 205/500 = 0,41
O = √ 0,41 = 0,64
Jumlah Golongan Darah A dan O = 196 + 205 = 401
(A+O)2 = 401/500 = 0,802
A + O = √ 0,802 = 0,9
A = 0,9 – O = 0,9 – 0,64 = 0,26
A + B + O = 1
B = 1 – A – O
= 1 – 0,26 – 0,64 = 0,1
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