Priority Based Conflict Resolution in Multi-User Context Aware Environment By Amit R Mahale Slides...
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Transcript of Priority Based Conflict Resolution in Multi-User Context Aware Environment By Amit R Mahale Slides...
Priority Based Conflict Resolution in Multi-User
Context Aware Environment
By Amit R Mahale
Slides adapted from my final year undergrad project work
Scope
• Introduction• Issues• Problem Definition• Proposed System• Conclusion• References
2Priority Based Conflict Resolution
Definition
Dey & Abowd, Define Context as
Any information that can be used to characterize the situation of entities (i.e. whether a person, place or object) that are considered relevant to the interaction between a user and an application, including the user andthe application themselves. Context is typically the location, identity and state of people, groups and computational and physical objects.
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Issues
• Dearth of conflict resolution algorithms.• No attention to heterogeneous family needs.• Manual overriding not supported.
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Problem Definition
• Need– conflict resolution methodologies in a multiuser context
aware environment with heterogeneous user preferences.
• Problems to be addressed– First, the system has to define what is considered as a
conflict.– Then it should be able to detect the conflict. – Ideally, conflict resolution should not involve any human
intervention. However, manual overriding should also be supported.
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Proposed Methodologies
• Preemptive Role Based Conflict Resolution• Preemptive Priority Based Conflict Resolution• Non-Preemptive Priority Based Conflict Resolution• Time Slice Based Preemptive Priority Conflict Resolution• Interactive Preemptive Priority Based Conflict Resolution• Democratic Group Preference Conflict Resolution• Role and Age Factor based Group Preference Conflict Resoluti
on
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Conclusion
• The proposed Conflict Manager resolves conflicts among multiple users.
• The Conflict Manager consists of various methodologies to suit the versatile needs of the family.
• The Conflict Manager maintains user profiles and calculates the priority of the user by utilizing various methodologies.
• In future, we would like to make the Conflict Manager as a learning system.
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References[1] C.Shin, W.Woo, "Conflict Resolution Method using Context History for Context-aware Applications," Pervasive 2005 workshop, pp. 105-
110, 2005 [2] Choonsung Shin and Woontack Woo, “Conflict Resolution based on User Preference and Service Profile for Context-aware Media
Services”[3] Choonsung Shin, Hyoseok Yoon, and Woontack Woo, “User-Centric Conflict Management for Media Services Using Personal Companions
“ETRI Journal, Volume 29, Number 3, June 2007.[4] Hsu-Yang Kung; Ching-Yu Lin, “Application-Layer Context-Aware Services for Pervasive Computing Environments”, in IEEE Innovative
Computing, Information and Control, 2006. ICICIC apos;2006. First International Conference on Volume 3, Issue , 30-01 Aug. 2006 Page(s): 229 – 232
[5] Yong Qi; Min Xi; Saiyu Qi; Jizhong Zhao, “A Conflict Resolution Method in Context-Aware Computing”, Computer and Information Science, 2007. ICIS 2007. 6th IEEE/ACIS International Conference. Volume , Issue , 11-13 July 2007 Page(s):135 – 140.
[6] Baldauf, M., Dustdar, S. and Rosenberg, F. (2007) ‘A survey on context-aware systems’, Int. J. Ad Hoc and Ubiquitous Computing, Vol. 2, No. 4, pp.263–277.
[7] Amirreza Masoumzadeh, Morteza Amini, Rasool Jalili, Sharif University of Technology, Iran , “Conflict Detection and Resolution in Context-Aware Authorization”, 21st International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications Workshops (AINAW'07) pp. 505-511
[8] Choonsung Shin, Daeho Han and Woontack Woo, “Conflict Management for Media Services by exploiting Service Profile and User Preference”, ubiComp workshop(ubiPCMM), pp. 48-57, 2005.
[9] S.Jang, W.Woo, "ubi-UCAM: A Unified Context-Aware Application Model" Context (LNAI/LNCS), pp. 178-189, Jun. 2003.[10] Y.Oh, C.Shin, W.Jung, W.Woo, "The ubiTV application for a Family in ubiHome," 2nd Ubiquitous Home workshop, pp. 23-32, 2005.[11] C.Shin, W.Woo, "Service Recommendation for Conflict Resolution in Context-aware Media Services," ubiComp 2005, pp. 000-000, 2005.[12] C.Shin, Y.Oh, W.Woo, "History-based Conflict Management for Multi-users and Multi-services," Context 2005, pp. 000, 2005.[13] Y.Oh, C.Shin, S.Jang, W.Woo, "ubi-UCAM 2.0: A Unified Context-aware Application Model for Ubiquitous Computing Environments ,"
UbiCNS, pp. 000-000, 2005.[14] Joao B. dos Santos Jr, Rudinei Goularte, Gustavo B. Faria and Edson dos S. Moreira, “Modeling of User Interaction in Context-
Aware Interactive Television Application on Distributed Environments”. [15] Anind K. Dey, “Understanding and Using Context. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, Special issue on Situated Interaction and
Ubiquitous Computing, 5(1), 2001.10
Priority Based Conflict Resolution 13
Related Work (contd…)
CAMUS– Provides autonomous service agents which are
aware of the context.– Adapt themselves to different situations.– The content recommendation service agent
provides a method for easily locating interesting items.
Back
Ubi-UCAM– Unified context-aware application model.– Consists of• UbiSensor. • UbiService.
– UbiSensors provide the preliminary context.– UbiService provides a context-aware movie
player.
Related Work (contd…)
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14Priority Based Conflict Resolution
Reconfigurable context-sensitive middleware (RCSM) – Sensors and application services are independent
entities.– It also collects, analyzes, and interprets contextual
information.– After processing, RCSM delivers the information
to the application services.
Related Work (contd…)
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Related Work (contd…)
INTRIGUE (INteractive TouRist InformationGUidE)– Tourist information server.– tailors the recommendation of attractions for
tourists groups.– partitions users as subgroups having similar
characteristics and preferences.– Computes average of preferences.
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Related Work (contd…)
The Intelligent Room, MIT– Tracks multiple inhabitants in the room.– Voice based commands for interaction.– No mechanism for handling group preferences.
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Methodology 1
Preemptive Role Based Conflict Resolution
– Concept– Role based Priority
• Father : 1• Mother : 2• Children : 3
– Limitations• Priorities are fixed, Lack Flexibility
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Methodology 2
Preemptive Priority Based Conflict Resolution
– Concept – SWF Demo
– Implementation• Admin has the authority to assign priorities
– Limitations• Displacing a user watching the TV may be disturbing at times!
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Methodology 3
Non-Preemptive Priority Based Conflict Resolution
– Concept
– Implementation
– Limitations• Higher priority user cannot exercise his full power.
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Methodology 4
Time Slice Based Preemptive Priority Conflict Resolution
– Concept • Strikes a balance between Preemption and Non- Preemption.
– Implementation
– Limitations
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Methodology 5
Interactive Preemptive Priority Based Conflict Resolution
– Concept• Manual Overriding possible.
– Implementation
– Limitations
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Methodology 6
Democratic Group Preference Conflict Resolution
– Concept – SWF demo
– Mathematical Computations
– Implementation
– Limitations• All the users have the same priority.
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Methodology 6
Democratic Group Preference Conflict Resolution
The User Preferences are represented as,– User j’s preferences = {UPj1, UPj2, UPj3}
Where,– GP is Group Preference,– UP is User Preference,– i denotes the category of the preference,– j denotes the user.– GPi (Group Preference for the ith category), is the sum total of user
preferences for user j in category i.
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Methodology 7
Role and Age Factor based Group Preference Conflict Resolution
– Concept
– Mathematical Computations
– Implementation
– Limitations
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Role and Age Factor based Group Preference Conflict Resolution
where,– GP is Group Preference,– UP is User Preference,– i denotes the category of the preference,– j denotes the user.– R f, j denotes the Role Factor of User j.– A f, j denotes the Age Factor of User j.– GPi (Group Preference for the ith category), is the sum total of product
of user preferences for user j and his role factor plus the Age factor.
Methodology 7
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Role Role FactorFather 1.45
Mother 1.30
Son 1.15
Daughter 1.15
Grandfather 1.00
Grandmother 1.00
Methodology 7
Role Factor table
Age factorA f = (Age * 20) / 100
where,- Af denotes the Age Factor.- Age: age of the user in years.
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