PRIOR ART ANALYSIS PROJECT WATERKETEN LIMBURG · 1 Through the GEuropean Assistance for Innovation...

PRIOR ART ANALYSIS – PROJECT WATERKETEN LIMBURG

September 13th, 2018

© Waterschapsbedrijf Limburg, 2018 All rights reserved. This document and information therein contains proprietary information of Waterschapbedrijf Limburg or its licensors. No rights are granted to use this document or any information contained herein, other than for assessing this information in the context of the Marketconsultation Waterschapsbedrijf, Waterketen Limburg. Any other use is strictly prohibited.

Julianaplein 21, 5211 BB ’s-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands |

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Executive Summary According to the eafip guidelines,1 a prior art analysis is necessary in planning for an innovation procurement. It informs the purchasing strategy toward either a procurement of R&D toward a desired solution (i.e., a pre-commercial procurement, PCP), the modification or adaptation of existing solutions (i.e., a public procurement of innovative solutions, PPI), or procurement of an identified off-the-shelf solution.

Waterschapsbedrijf Limburg (WBL) is planning to procure a structural solution for management and maintenance of the Information System. This report presents a prior art analysis to confirm whether the needs for this procurement are indeed unmet by the market, given the international state-of-the-art. If these unmet needs require R&D to bring the state of the art up to the point of commercialization, then legal justification can be established for proceeding with the PCP.

The prior art analysis identifies all relevant information available in the public domain (existing products, ongoing product development, standards and published ideas). It looks for protected intellectual property (patents), promising upcoming research (literature), and technical consensus (standards). The search platform used is IPlytics, with keywords derived from internal project documents and external reports.

The prior art analysis found intellectual property (patents and literature) which is relevant to the scope of both project Phase 2: Security and Phase 3: Big Data. Standards were also identified; for Security the main activity was to compile an easy-access list based on current standards cited in reports in terms of upcoming security legislation. For Big Data, there is a patchwork of standards from various organizations which may be of interest to WBL. The most relevant documents were identified on the basis of their degree of technical relevance [determined through the indicators of the IPlytics platform: Technical Relevance (forward citations) and Radicalness (backwards citations)], and legal relevance (determined through the jurisdiction over which the patents receive protection, based on the patent office). A macro-analysis of the results is presented for high-level findings regarding patenting firms, activity, and geography, among others.

It is recommended that after reviewing this analysis, an in-depth technical analysis of the most relevant documents is performed by a technical expert. This provides input to 1) the questions for the MC (MC), requesting responses from potential firms for how they would incorporate particular IPR or meet certain standards, for example; and 2) the drafting of the tender documentation (technical specifications and award criteria). One defining feature of the prior art analysis is the provision of information which is independent of industry bias (e.g., identified through research and not self-reported), which reduces the knowledge asymmetry between contracting authorities and the market.

1 Through the “European Assistance for Innovation Procurement” project, the European Commission supported public

authorities in developing and implementing more and better innovation procurements of ICT based solutions across the EU. Module 2 of the eafip Toolkit clarifies the pre-requisites and key steps to design and implement an innovation procurement process (PCP and PPI). Available at http://eafip.eu/toolkit/module-2/

http://eafip.eu/toolkit/module-2/

Table of Contents 1 Introduction & Background .............................................................................................................. 5

1.1 Requirements Phase 2: Security ............................................................................................. 6

1.2 Requirements Phase 3: Big Data ............................................................................................ 8

2 Rationale for Conducting the Prior Art Analysis ........................................................................... 9

2.1 Rationale for examining intellectual property (patents and literature) ......................... 11

2.2 Rationale for examining standards ...................................................................................... 12

2.3 Interpretation ......................................................................................................................... 14

3 Search Platform & Coverage .......................................................................................................... 16

4 Search Methodology & Results ...................................................................................................... 20

4.1 Phase 2: Security..................................................................................................................... 20

4.2 Phase 3: Big Data .................................................................................................................... 28

5 Conclusions ...................................................................................................................................... 38

5.1 Conclusions - Phase 2: Security ............................................................................................ 39

5.2 Conclusions - Phase 3: Big Data ............................................................................................ 40

5.3 Conclusions – Next Steps ...................................................................................................... 40

6 Annex 1 – IPlytics data coverage - Patents ................................................................................... 42

7 Annex 2 – Search interface ............................................................................................................. 44

8 Annex 3 – Top Search Results for Phases 2 and 3 ....................................................................... 45


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List of Acronyms

IPR – Intellectual Property Rights

MC – Market Consultation

PCP – Pre-Commercial Procurement

PPI – Public Procurement of Innovative Solutions

SSO – Standards Setting Organization

TRL – Technology Readiness Level

WBL – Waterschapsbedrijf Limburg

WML – Waterleiding Maatschappij Limburg


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1 Introduction & Background Waterschapsbedrijf Limburg (WBL) is planning to procure a structural solution for management and maintenance of the Information System. This project will consist of four phases , and will be completed September 2019. This report presents a prior art analysis to confirm whether the needs for this procurement are indeed unmet by the market, given the international state-of-the-art. If these unmet needs require R&D to bring the state of the art up to the point of commercialization, then legal justification can be established for proceeding with the PCP.

In this prior art analysis, user needs will be referred to as requirements, since there are multiple end-users / stakeholders, and there was no official user needs assessment conducted. This is compared with other projects where the end-users are a particular group, such as firefighters, who would be using what is purchased, such as new uniforms. This section discusses requirements for Phase 2: Security and Phase 3: (Big Data) (Figure 1).

In order to arrive at the structural solution, WBL will use a phased approach, which means that a separate Framework Agreement and a Further Agreement on the preliminary investigation have been concluded with two market parties and that by means of a mini-competition, ultimately with a single party a Further Agreement will be concluded.

Figure 1 - Procurement phases and parcels, version 4.0. Phases 2 (Security) and 3 (Big Data) are the focus of this prior art analysis.


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1.1 Requirements Phase 2: Security This section examines the requirements regarding Phase 2: Security. These requirements come primarily from (upcoming) legislation, rather than any needs identified by end-users of the system to be purchased. Cybersecurity in critical infrastructures can be enhanced by requiring critical infrastructure operators to implement state-of-the-art IT security and to report significant IT security incidents.

Water sector operators hold spatial data about their (critical) infrastructure (e.g. about the grid or supply area). The data sharing conditions, obligations and interoperability models, and common level of (cyber) security of network and information systems are subject to the PSI Directive, the INSPIRE Directive and the NIS Directive, respectively.

The NIS Directive2 is the first EU-wide law on cybersecurity. Recent reports on related standards to critical infrastructure and the NIS directive are used to identify relevant standards for this phase. Cybersecurity comprises all activities necessary to protect network and information systems, their users, and affected persons from cyber threat. The NIS Directive lays down measures with a view to achieving a high common level of security of network and information systems within the Union so as to improve the functioning of the internal market. The Directive is meant to increase the security of network and information systems within the EU. EU Member States have to increase their security capabilities but there is also increased EU-level cooperation. The Directive covers the operators of essential services (OESs) (critical infrastructures) and digital service providers (DSPs). DSPs are online marketplaces, online search engines, and cloud computing services. According to the Directive, there are seven sectors of essential services: (1) energy; (2) transport; (3) banking; (4) financial market infrastructures; (5) the health sector; (6) drinking water supply and distribution; and, (7) digital infrastructures.

The PSI Directive3 was adopted on the basis of Article 114 TFEU (95 TEC), as its subject matter concerned the proper functioning of the internal market and the free circulation of services. This Directive establishes a minimum set of rules governing the re-use and the practical means of facilitating re-use of existing documents held by public sector bodies of the Member States. In this context, public sector information can be shared as open data under open licenses.

Spatial data of critical infrastructures or other sensible spatial data may be subject to INSPIRE legislation. INSPIRE relevant spatial data of critical infrastructures are to be provided in an interoperable format according to INSPIRE standards. Access of the INSPIRE services and data of critical infrastructures for general public is to be limited in interest of public security. In that cases, access should be granted only for authorities with legitimate interest.

2 DIRECTIVE (EU) 2016/1148 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 6 July 2016 concerning

measures for a high common level of security of network and information systems across the Union. 3 European legislation on the re-use of public sector information: https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-

market/en/european-legislation-reuse-public-sector-information

https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/european-legislation-reuse-public-sector-information

https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/european-legislation-reuse-public-sector-information


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The INSPIRE Directive4 sets rules aimed at the establishment of the Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the European Community. “Infrastructure for spatial information” means metadata, spatial data sets and spatial data services; network services and technologies; agreements on sharing, access and use and coordination and monitoring mechanisms, processes and procedures, established, operated or made available in accordance with the INSPIRE Directive.5 The INSPIRE Directive sets the minimum conditions for interoperable sharing and exchange of spatial data across Europe as part of a larger European Interoperability Framework and the e-Government Action Plan that contributes to the Digital Single Market Agenda. To comply with the requirements of the Directive, rules for spatial data services and technical guidelines are provided. Article 11 of the INSPIRE Directive states the following:

1. Member States shall establish and operate a network of the following services for the spatial data sets and services for which metadata have been created in accordance with this Directive:

(a) discovery services making it possible to search for spatial data sets and services on the basis of the content of the corresponding metadata and to display the content of the metadata; (b) view services making it possible, as a minimum, to display, navigate, zoom in/out, pan, or overlay viewable spatial data sets and to display legend information and any relevant content of metadata; (c) download services, enabling copies of spatial data sets, or parts of such sets, to be downloaded and, where practicable, accessed directly; (d) transformation services, enabling spatial data sets to be transformed with a view to achieving interoperability; (e) services allowing spatial data services to be invoked.

Those services shall take into account relevant user requirements and shall be easy to use, available to the public and accessible via the Internet or any other appropriate means of telecommunication.

4 Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 March 2007 establishing an Infrastructure for

Spatial Information in the European Community (INSPIRE) https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32007L0002&from=EN

5 Definition of Art. 3 of the INSPIRE Directive.

https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32007L0002&from=EN

https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32007L0002&from=EN


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1.2 Requirements Phase 3: Big Data This section examines the requirements regarding Phase 3: Big Data. It is based on a recent report by WBL.6 Factors which are critical to include in the prior art analysis are identified in italics. An important task of the WBL is the management of (own) ground and transport pipelines. Currently there is little insight into the correct functioning of these systems, as WBL can only react to fault notifications, rather than anticipating and taking proactive action. Active management of (municipal) ground pipes is needed for WBL to have more control over its ground and transport pipelines. For this, it is necessary that the performance is continuously monitored so that deviations can be anticipated.

In recent years, a growing number of municipalities in Limburg are served by WBL. Within a few years, thousands of pumping stations and pumping stations will be involved within its operations. Municipalities are currently not linked to WAUTER, since this would overload the central control room (Centrale Regelkamer; CRK) with systems for monitoring and alarming. Given the increasing size and complexity of the systems, it is not a realistic option to continue doing these analyses manually.

Efficient maintenance of these pumping stations will be supported by insight into where which systems fail. The proposed system would analyze measured values and convert them into intelligent signals that tell whether and what has changed in the system. It will allow for increased recording of valuable knowledge of WBL into systems and for system automation, so inspection rounds can be reduced in the long term.

WBL has developed a model with performance indicators for the entire transport system, and has been for reporting the future vision of the WBL via opportunities in the field of Internet of Things and Big Data. This vision is projected onto the wastewater transport system of WBL and the Limburg municipalities. The model of performance indicators will be further refined by the National Rain Radar and drinking water consumption of WML.

A pilot conducted in Venray, where there are regular pipe breaks, show that functioning of pumping stations and pipelines can be monitored and predicted. The software also bridges between the functioning of the pumping stations and maintenance forecasting. In the pilot, during a pipeline rupture, the software was able to respond quickly and adequately. The proposal is to implement this software for all WBL ground in such a way that all automated municipalities and all LORA pumping stations can be included therein.

Further, it is proposed to relieve the CRK with the monitoring of the ground other than the respond to notifications and alarms from WAUTER. Where the new software deviations and predictions can only be picked up in relation to design and permit.

6 Verhaegen, Léon. (2018). Value Case Transportstelsel WBL en Gemeenten – Big Data and Internet of Things.

Waterschapsbedrijf Limburg.


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2 Rationale for Conducting the Prior Art Analysis According to the eafip guidelines,7 a prior art analysis is an integral component to planning for an innovation procurement – either a Pre-commercial Procurement (PCP) or a Public Procurement of Innovative Solutions (PPI) – or finding an appropriate solution to purchase off-the-shelf. Once the needs of the public procurers have been identified,8 a prior art analysis should be conducted to confirm whether the identified need(s) are indeed unmet needs, given the international state-of-the-art. Prior art analysis identifies all information available in the public domain (existing products, ongoing product development, standards and published ideas). It looks for information which is protected (e.g., patents identified through the Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) search) and that which is unprotected (e.g., early-stage research in literature, proprietary solutions identified through the RFI / market consultation, etc.).

Figure 2 - The five steps summarizing the eafip methodology. From Rainville, A. & Apostol, R., 2017. Capturing value in innovation procurement: A business case methodology (Working Paper No. 2017/2). Maastricht: Maastricht School of Management

7 Through eafip, the European Commission supported public authorities in developing and implementing more and

better innovation procurements of ICT based solutions across the EU. Module 2 of the eafip Toolkit is an operational module addressed to public procurers aimed at clarifying the pre-requisites and key steps to design and implement an innovation procurement process (PCP and PPI). Available at http://eafip.eu/toolkit/module-2/

8 i.e., through the user needs assessment phase



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This document identifies and analyses relevant prior art in the form of protected intellectual property (patents), promising upcoming research (literature), and technical consensus (standards). The search platform used is IPlytics, with keywords derived from internal project documents as mentioned in Section 2. On the basis of the most relevant documents, a marco-analysis of the results is presented. An in-depth technical analysis is also suggested to inform the market consultation questions, and subsequent drafting of the tender documentation.

The prior art analysis is necessary for providing legal justification for proceeding with a PCP. According to the Framework for State Aid for Research and Development and Innovation9, when an R&D project encompasses different tasks, each eligible task must fall under the categories of fundamental research, industrial research or experimental development. When classifying different activities according to the relevant category, the Commission will refer to its own practice as well as to the specific examples and explanations provided in the OECD Frascati Manual:10

For practical purposes, and unless it is shown that a different scale should be used in individual cases, the different R&D categories can also be considered to correspond to Technology Readiness Levels 1 (fundamental research), 2-4

(industrial research) and 5-8 (experimental development).11

The methodology for gathering and providing evidence to substantiate that there is nothing on the market (TRL 9) or close to market (later TRL levels) which is sufficient to meet user needs is detailed and carried out as described in this document. An overview of TRL levels as they relate to procurement is presented in Figure 3 below.

9 Page 19 no. 75 footnote 2, available at https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-

content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:52014XC0627(01)&from=EN 10 The Measurement of Scientific and Technological Activities, Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and

Experimental Development’, Frascati Manual, OECD, 2002 https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cros/content/frascati-manual_en

11 See communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the regions, ‘A European strategy for Key Enabling Technologies — A bridge to growth and jobs’, COM(2012) 341 final of 26.6.2012. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=COM:2012:0341:FIN:EN:PDF

https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:52014XC0627(01)&from=EN

https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:52014XC0627(01)&from=EN

https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cros/content/frascati-manual_en

https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cros/content/frascati-manual_en

https://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=COM:2012:0341:FIN:EN:PDF

https://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=COM:2012:0341:FIN:EN:PDF


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Figure 3 - Technology Readiness Level and development maturity. Adapted from EAFIP. (2018). European Assistance for Innovation Procurement (eafip) Module 2 Toolkit. Retrieved from http://eafip.eu/toolkit/module-2/

2.1 Rationale for examining intellectual property (patents and literature) ‘Registered intellectual property’ refers to those IPR which are issued by a central agency and which require publication as part of the quid pro quo for the intellectual property grant. However, not all IPR require registration in order to be effective, and patent applications can be equally relevant as granted patents. Patents and literature (publications) are among types of IPs that offer protection to the owner of ideas, among other forms of innovation protection such as agreements, trade secrets, trademarks, copyright, industrial designs). Since patents are often the most relevant registered IPR for technological R&D, patent searches are particularly relevant for PCPs. Patent searches should not merely be restricted to national databases, but should include all relevant patents, patent applications, and other published relevant work in all countries and at all times.

Conducted as part of a prior art analysis, patent and literature searches look for relevant information available in the public domain, and determine whether it is already protected by IPR. For patents, this is done by searching for registered intellectual property, information which is published within a national or international database.



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The prior art analysis search helps to:

• Verify how innovative is the R&D (for PCP) or the innovative solutions (for PPI) to be purchased and whether there is still scope for protecting innovative efforts done in the procurement by IPR;12

• Reveal whether there are already entities on the market who own "key IPR" that cannot be avoided to address the identified need(s), and whether the licensing policy of those entities is introducing such high risks/costs that there is no good business case to start the innovation procurement.

A patent is a technical and legal document granting the right to prohibit others to bring one’s product on the market. A patent shows that an organization has made some commitment to the topic, and it is felt that already a patent application is sufficient proof of commitment. Due to the costs associated with filing and maintaining patents, it is often large companies who file for and own patents.

Patent law in all countries in the world adheres to a so-called ‘absolute novelty’ standard. This means that the ‘state-of-the-art’ is defined by all inventions in the public domain, whatever the country and whatever their antiquity. To this end, patent databases which include data from as many other countries as possible are strongly preferred over national databases. This prior art analysis included the use of a platform covering over 67 patent offices worldwide,13 resulting in about 80 million patents for 98 countries, from 1990.

Particular for university researchers and SMEs, publications (literature) are also a means to identify prior art. Most publications are concerned with early stage results (e.g., at earlier TRL levels).

2.2 Rationale for examining standards Standardisation refers to the tacit (for de facto standards) or explicit (for de jure standards) development of technical consensus. Standardization can include agreement upon features between technologies to foster interoperability between devices, data or software. Examples of standards include common document formats (such as .docx or .pdf), communication protocols (eg. 4G LTE, WiFi), or image compression formats (eg. JPG, PNG).

A prior analysis should include a search for standards relevant to the envisaged innovation, as these may help to meet user needs (such as regarding interoperability issues). In the technical specifications for the PCP/PPI, the procurer may request suppliers to evidence their compliance with these existing standards as means of proof for specific desired solution characteristics. As

12 This was a question already posed by suppliers to MOD in response to the RFI published for this project 13 Note that the top 20 patent offices already cover about 95% of all worldwide patent filings.


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well, standards for defining, measuring, and testing are relevant to various stages of the R&D process14 and can be applied at different phases of the PCP.

With respect to innovation procurement, Figure 4 depicts the characteristics space for innovation with standards, with each node representing an innovation and each line the stock of standards which it references. It demonstrates a well-functioning market, where a procurer has a wide choice of solutions which are interoperable, interchangeable, and price-competitive.15

Figure 4 - Characteristics space for innovation with standards and standardization. Adapted from Rainville, A., 2017. Standards in green public procurement--A framework to enhance innovation. Journal of Cleaner Production, Volume 167, pp. 1029-1037.

If relevant standards exist, the public procurer may conclude that existing standards are not sufficiently open, applicable or comprehensive and new standards should be created or new test procedures need to be created for testing the compliance of new solutions with existing standards. There are many situations where one can find a plethora of redundant and competing standards (e.g., proprietary, consortia, or non-harmonized standards).

Alternatively, and particularly if radical innovation (in PCP) if justified, there may be no existing standard, label or certification applicable to the innovation. The PCP can foster faster standardization by first creating de facto standards – or market driven standards - which can 14 Rainville, A., 2017. Standards in green public procurement--A framework to enhance innovation. Journal of Cleaner

Production, Volume 167, pp. 1029-1037. 15 Rainville, A., Selby, J., and Tolk., A. (Forthcoming). Facilitating enterprise agility in complex decision environments.

MITRE Report / Maastricht School of Management working paper.


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then later be transformed into a de jure standard. Alternatively, or later on, suppliers may be required to engage with formal standardization bodies to form de jure standards where standardization agreements may be reached. Examples of bodies include ETSI, CEN, CENELEC, IETF, ITU. These activities are important to create a suite of complementary standards, forming a strong “trunk” of the tree in Figure 4 upon which the right R&D solution can be successfully commercialized.

Specifically, PCP enables:

• Pioneering innovative solutions within a non-existent or fragmented market (i.e., when the “tree” has not yet branched off from its trunk or developed “leaves”, Figure 4); and

• Requiring via the PCP tender specifications that vendors ensure interoperability on critical parts of the solutions and that vendors license IPR over the latter under FRAND conditions.

2.3 Interpretation This section briefly discusses the relevance of the outcome of the prior art analysis at a high level. Based on the results of the prior art analysis, three possibilities may arise:

• For some user requirements certain solutions already exist (e.g. some companies already developed particular components relevant to an interoperable solution, such as low power use). In this case, it would make more sense to focus the PCP on those aspects of the unmet need for which there are no solutions yet, and possibly require (based on any associated costs of applying proprietary components) the uptake of a low power solution which already exists into the forthcoming innovation.

• Solutions exist which each individually would meet separate user needs. The procurement can focus on retesting suppliers to integrate/combine the solutions together, and this activity may constitute a PPI (with adaptation or design changes to exiting solutions) rather than a PCP.

• Solutions exist and are available on the market16 which can each themselves fully meet the user need, then there is no more need for an innovation procurement and an existing solution can be procured instead. This would then call for an off-the-shelf procurement, or require the contracting authority with a mandate to conduct a PCP to choose another project with other user needs in the search for a white space where no solution can be found.

16 Or will already become available before it is possible to complete the planned procurement


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Identifying relevant or ‘overlapping IPR’ needed to address the procurement need, may mean that:

• The need is not sufficiently novel to justify the PCP or PPI in the first place (i.e., existing patents were found which meet the needs already)

• Pre-existing IPR may end up being ‘novelty destroying’ against any subsequent IPR applications/registration; meaning PCP/PPI contractors may face IPR barriers when attempting to supply their solutions to the procurer (for a PPI) and commercialize their solutions after the PCP/PPI to other customers. This issue could be dealt with in advance by either:

o designing around the blocking IPR in drafting the tender requirements (for both PCP and PPI) and in the development of solutions while still in the R&D stage (for PCP); or

o negotiating a license with the IPR holder in advance, well before commercialization. If the IPR holder is unwilling to negotiate a license and it is not possible to design around blocking IPR, then it might be concluded that the IPR risk is too great to start the project.

These points are summarized in Table 1, below.

Table 1 - Summary of the relevance of prior art findings to an innovation procurement project

Number of needs met

Each need is met… Some needs are met

No needs are met

Number of patents meeting the needs

By a single patent

By multiple patents By some patents No relevant patents exist

Recommended strategic action

Buy Off-the-Shelf if the patent is embedded in a market-ready solution

Conduct a PPI for a supplier to integrate the IPR into one solution; with desired adaptation/design changes

Conduct a PCP beginning at later TRLs

The need is 'novel'; Conduct a 3 phase PCP beginning at TRL 3 or 4.

Risk regarding blocking IPR

Low; purchase from a single supplier

High; agreement required between many patent owners plus the solution integrator; IPR may be "novelty destroying" and market is "saturated"

Moderate; IPR must be integrated into a new solution or worked around

Low; there is no IPR to infringe upon; a "white space" enabling innovation.


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3 Search Platform & Coverage Vtrek executed the patent search using the IPlytics platform. IPlytics is a Berlin-based start-up offering a comprehensive online IP- and market analytics tool. They develop big data frameworks for data connection & visualization, and indicator development based on academic research partnering with four universities worldwide.

IPlytics makes use of publicly available data sources to ensure transparency and traceability. IPlytics always links back to the original document source, which allows users to trace back the foundation of the information. Daily updates guarantee data actuality and data reliability. All databases are saved and stored solely in IPlytics’ own database framework. Queries always search within the IPlytics data itself and do not initiate searches at third party databases.

Security: The software tool IPlytics Platform is built with industry-standard security procedures and employs strict policies to protect search queries and client information. As a German company IPlytics is subject by law to all national legal requirements of data security and privacy which belong to the strictest in the world.

Patents: IPlytics directly sources patent documents from each individual patent office. This ensures an instant integration of the first publication of a patent document anywhere in the world. Some patent data sources such as the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO, WO) or the European Patent Office (EPO, EP) provide information for patent filings of multiple countries. In this regard IPlytics Platform has a global patent document coverage of:

• over 67 worldwide patent offices resulting in • about 80 million patent documents and over • 24 million patent families • for 98 countries • since 1990 until today

The top 20 patent offices already cover about 95% of all worldwide patent filings. IPlytics Platform covers patent documents for 98 worldwide countries such as CN, JP, US, EP, KR, WO, DE, AU, TW, CA, RU, GB, FR, ES, AT, IN, BR, IT, MX, PL, NO, SG, FI, DK, IL, SE, UA, HK, HU, CZ, ZA, AR, NZ, PT, NL, TR, EA, SK, MY, SI, GR, ID, CH, VN, CO, HR, RO, BG, PE, IE, BE, CL, MA, UY, AP, EC, SU, YU, EE, PH, RS, MD, LV, CR, EG, CY, LT, IS, TH, GE, GT, DO, OA, SM, LU, CU, PA, TN, SV, DZ, RD, JO, HN, DD, ME, TJ, GC, MC, BA, NI, KZ, BY, UZ, ZW, KG, AM, TT, CS. A full summary of patent coverage is available in the annex of this document.

Detailed information on:

• Title, Abstract, Keywords


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• Authors, Organization/ Entities • Country of Organization/ Entities • Date of Publication • Publisher • Language • Document Type • Scientific Category • Citations • Valuation Indicators (Relevance, Radicalness, Cooperation, Complexity, Scope)

Standards: IPlytics directly sources standards documents from each individual standard setting organization. This ensures an instant integration of the first publication of a standard document anywhere in the world. IPlytics has a global standards document coverage of:

• 96 standard setting organizations resulting in • about 2 million standards documents • published by over 700 working groups and standards committees • since 1990 until today

IPlytics guarantees information in standards documents for the following textual and bibliographic. It provides detailed information on:

• Title, Abstract, Keywords • Standard document number • Standard issuing date • Standard ICS classification • Standard version history • Document status (active, withdrawn) • Working Group / Committee • Referencing Standards Documents • Referencing Patents Documents • Declared Standard Essential Patents

Literature: IPlytics sources worldwide data on scientific articles using direct links from Google Scholar. This includes scientific articles published at scientific journals, conferences but also book articles or working paper. It provides global scientific literature coverage of:


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• over 3,000 publishers and conferences resulting in • over 60 million scientific articles • since 1970 until today

IPlytics guarantees information in scientific articles for the following textual and bibliographic information. The top 20 publishers, all of to which IPlytics provides coverage, cover about 50% of the world-wide literature database. It provides detailed information on:

• Title, Abstract, Keywords • Authors, Organization/ Entities • Country of Organization/ Entities • Date of Publication • Publisher • Language • Document Type • Scientific Category • Citations • Valuation Indicators (Relevance, Radicalness, Cooperation, Complexity, Scope)

Standard-essential Patents: IPlytics maintains a database with over 250,000 standard essential patents (SEPs) declared at the major standard setting organizations (SSOs) and in 11 patent pools. IPlytics connects worldwide declared SEPs with worldwide patents and worldwide standards data:


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Figure 5 - Declared SEPs with direct connections to worldwide patent and standards information

The SEP database contains standard essential patents declared at over 35 different standard setting organizations and 11 different patent pools. The SEP data provides direct links to the patent and standards database as well as the following information: Detailed information on:

• SEP declaring company • SEP contact person for licensing questions • SEP contact address of the declaring company • SEP date of declaration as to the letter of assurance • SEP list of standards the SEP is declared for • The declarant/affiliate is prepared to grant licenses = prepared / not prepared • The declarant/affiliate commits to license under = FRAND / Royalty-Free conditions • Are there specific licensing conditions = Yes/No • The declarant / affiliate is proprietor of IPR(s) = Yes/No • Subject to condition that those who seek licenses agree to reciprocate = Yes/No • The patent is standard essential = Yes/No


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4 Search Methodology & Results This section presents the search methodology and results for Phases 2 and 3, looking for and analyzing patents, literature, and standards for each. There are two accompanying spreadsheets for this analysis, one for each Phase, which contain for patents, literature, and standards: 1) the final search queries; 2) the full list of documents, in table form; and 3) the analysis, in table form. Figures from the analysis are only displayed this document, for simplicity.

4.1 Phase 2: Security

4.1.1 Patents Keywords were derived from a number of recent reports on cyber security for vital infrastructure. Unlike for the patent search for Phase 3: Big Data, keywords were not restricted to waste water treatment, to search for solutions which had to do with the entire system. This is also in line with recent reports on cyber security vulnerabilities in the water sector, which underscores that vulnerabilities can easily transfer between organizations.17

Keywords were first organized into groups, to find solutions which were most appropriate to the pilot situation and relevant to the indicators established. An abbreviated example is as follows:18

• Related to the system – defining the system itself o Critical / Vital infrastructure o Network and Information Systems

• Related to Functionalities/Performance – defining requirements of the system o Security o Cryptography o Encryption o System segregation o DDos (Distributed Denial of Service) o Cyber incident response / attack / incident / ecosystem / resilience o Active cyber defense o Incident management / response

17 Department of Rural Affairs. (2017) Water Sector Cyber Security Strategy 2017-2021. March 2017. 18 In the search query, keywords were presented multiple times in different ways (e.g., critical infrastructure, vital

infrastructure, etc.) to ensure that these deviations were captured in the search results. For the sake of brevity not all of these possible word derivations and combinations are listed in this report. They can be found in the accompanying spreadsheets.


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o Phishing / spoofing o Data breach o Patching vulnerability o Doxing o Penetration test o Security by default / Security by design

This search resulted in a total of 74 patents. The most relevant documents were identified on the basis of their degree of technical relevance [determined through the indicators of the IPlytics platform: Technical Relevance (forward citations) and Radicalness (backwards citations)], and legal relevance (determined through the jurisdiction over which the patents receive protection, based on the patent office, and the Market Coverage indicator). This abbreviated list is presented in Annex 3, Table 12.

Figure 6 - Geographic coverage of resulting patents


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The patent assignees are displayed in the table below.

Table 2 - Top 12 companies, by patent count

Applicant Pat. Count Fam. Count Fam. Share MC TR

Hasan Syed Kamran 10 1 3.13% 1.3 0 NSS Labs, Inc. 9 2 6.25% 1.38 0.44 Battelle Memorial Institute, Inc. 5 2 6.25% 1 0 Hoosier Energy Rural Electric Cooperative, Inc. 5 2 6.25% 0.8 0 Cuculus GmbH 4 1 3.13% 1.05 0.24 Jps Engineering Corp. 3 1 3.13% 1.09 0 Net Insight Intellectual Property Ab 3 1 3.13% 1.04 0 Protected Mobility Llc 3 1 3.13% 0.7 1.07 Adar Eyal 2 1 3.13% 1.12 0 Digital Doors Inc. 2 1 3.13% 0.66 2.02 Inov Inesc Inovação - Instituto De Novas Tecnologias 2 1 3.13% 0.98 0

University Colorado Regents 2 1 3.13% 1.35 2.33 University of Colorado Denver 2 1 3.13% 1.35 2.33

4.1.2 Literature The literature search began with the search keywords used for the patent search, for which 3255 articles were identified. When the keywords related to the system were specified further to include cities / municipalities, two results were identified:

• D. Lučić, M. Boban and D. Mileta, "An impact of general data protection regulation on a smart city concept," 2018 41st International Convention on Information and Communication Technology, Electronics and Microelectronics (MIPRO), Opatija, 2018, pp. 0390-0394.

• Helmbrecht U. (2016) Cybersecurity for an Open, Safe and Secure Cyberspace in Europe. In: Bär C., Fischer A., Gulden H. (eds) Informationstechnologien als Wegbereiter für den steuerberatenden Berufsstand. Springer Gabler, Berlin, Heidelberg. Book.

To reduce the number of results (without specifying cities / municipalities) to a manageable number, keywords of “system” and “cyber security” were added to further define the Functionalities/Performance.


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This resulted in a total of 267 articles concentrated in the US with 66 articles, with the rest spread over a variety of institutions globally. Table 3 - Top institutions publishing literature - based on high Technical Relevance (TR), or with more than 1 relevant publication

Organization Count Share SC TR Energy Systems Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA 1 0.37% 0.53 1.43

Electrical And Space Engineering, University Luea Technology, Lulea, Sweden 1 0.37% 0.54 0.91

Center for Security Studies (CSS) ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland 1 0.37% 2.65 0.74

Bell Labs Security Technology Applications Research team in Holmdel, New Jersey 1 0.37% 1.15 0.35

Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129 Torina, Italy 1 0.37% 0.53 0.28

ENEA CR Casaccia, s.p. Anguillarese 301, Rome, Italy 2 0.75% 0 0 IWG and Italian Association of Critical Infrastructures’ Experts, Rome, Italy 2 0.75% 0 0

IWG and Landau Network-Centro Volta, Como, Italy 2 0.75% 0 0 Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, USA 2 0.75% 0 0 University Gazi, Ankara, Turkey 2 0.75% 0 0 University National Singapore, Singapore 2 0.75% 0.56 0 University Texas At Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA 2 0.75% 0 0


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Figure 7 - Geographical distribution of relevant literature, by institution location

4.1.3 Standards This section identifies the most relevant standards through the European Union Agency For Network and Information Security (ENISA) report entitled “Mapping of OES Security Requirements to Specific Sectors”.19 The report provides the mapping of security measures for OES20 to international standards used by operators in the business sectors mentioned in Annex II of the NIS21 Directive, namely energy, transport, banking, financial market infrastructures, health, drinking water supply & distribution and digital infrastructures.22

The relevant international information security standards and good practices applicable to the Drinking Water Supply and Distribution sector, as identified in the ENISA report, are ISO-27001

19 ENISA (2017). Mapping of OES Security Requirements to Specific Sectors. European Union Agency For Network and

Information Security. December 2017. Available at https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications/mapping-of-oes-security-requirements-to-specific-sectors/

20 operators of essential services 21 http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32016L1148&from=EN 22 Another excellent source for non-ISO security standards for a cybersecurity framework is NIST (2018). Framework for

Improving Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity. National Institute of Standards and Technology, Version 1.1. April 15, 2018. Available at: https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.CSWP.04162018

https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications/mapping-of-oes-security-requirements-to-specific-sectors/


http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32016L1148&from=EN

https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.CSWP.04162018


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and ISA/IEC62443 (Error! Reference source not found., below). These were identified according to the input by EU drinking water operators.

The report also notes that “The standard ANSI/AWWA G430-09/ “Security Practices for Operations and Management” 42 published by the American Water Works Association which purpose is to define the minimum requirements for a protective security program for a water or wastewater utility, that will promote the protection of employee safety, public health, public safety, and public confidence. The ANSI/AWWA G430-09 standard is applied in United States and it is not publicly available.”

Table 4 - International standards and good practices specific to the Drinking Water Supply & Distribution Sector

Of these international standards, NEN recognizes NEN-ISO/IEC 27001+C11+C1 381027: Informatiebeveiliging, Cyber security en Privacy; and 381027: IT-Beveiligingstechnieken: NEN-ISO/IEC 27001+C11+C1 specifies the requirements for establishing, implementing, maintaining and continually improving an information security management system within the context of the organization. This International Standard also includes requirements for the assessment and treatment of information security risks tailored to the needs of the organization. The requirements set out in this International Standard are generic and are intended to be applicable to all organizations, regardless of type, size or nature. Excluding any of the requirements specified in Clauses 4 to 10 is not acceptable when an organization claims conformity to this International Standard. The relevant international information security standards and good practices specific to the Digital Infrastructures sector, as identified in the ENISA report, are listed below in Table 5.

Table 5 - International standards and good practices specific to the Digital Infrastructures sector


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Additionally, there are a number of international standards and good practices applicable across all the sectors referred to in the NIS Directive. These are identified in Table 6. Table 6 - International standards and good practices applicable across all the sectors referred to in the NIS Directive.


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The full list of standards in and best practices referenced in Table 6 was turned into a search query for IPlytics. It is worth noting that none of these standards have declared SEPs.

Figure 8 - Overview of Technical Relevance, family share, and Market Coverage of the institutes with the most relevant standards

Table 7 - SSOs with the highest Technical Relevance (TR)

Standard Setting Organization Count Share MC TR BSI British Standards Institution 76 11.16% 0.97 6.14 ISO 65 9.54% 1.38 2.59 IEEE 5 0.73% 0.96 2.3 CEN 9 1.32% 0.93 2.24 DIN 27 3.96% 1.32 1.86 ASI 25 3.67% 1 1.32 GOST R 10 1.47% 1.06 1 IEC 8 1.17% 1.2 0.88 ITU 7 1.03% 1.2 0.67 ASTM 44 6.46% 1.02 0.53 ETSI 11 1.62% 0.73 0.3 VdS Schadenverhutung GmbH 1 0.15% 0 0.26


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4.2 Phase 3: Big Data

4.2.1 Patents The patent search was conducted first. Keywords were derived from a recent report by WBL23, as discussed in Section 2. Keywords were first organized into groups, to find solutions which were most appropriate to the pilot situation and relevant to the indicators established. An abbreviated example is as follows24

• Related to the system – defining the system itself o (Waste) water25 o System / transport / pump / pipes o Measurement / monitor / communicate / maintenance o Software / online / internet / data / big data / web-based o City / municipality

• Related to Functionalities/Performance – defining requirements of the system o Expandable software o Information access / information processing / information speed / decision speed o Energy efficiency / energy use o Real-time / speed o Prediction o Overflow o Inflow coupling o Paved areas / pavement o Manufacturing Operations Management System / MOMS o Manufacturing Execution System / MES

23 Verhaegen, Léon. (2018). Value Case Transportstelsel WBL en Gemeenten – Big Data and Internet of Things.

Waterschapsbedrijf Limburg. 24 In the search query, keywords were presented multiple times in different ways (e.g., waste water, waste-water,

wastewater) to ensure that these deviations were captured in the search results. For the sake of brevity not all of these different words are listed. As well, words could appear in different orders, have different plurality, and occur in different combinations. These are captured using various Boolean operators (e.g., ~, *, etc.) and AND/OR/NOT combinations and nesting. For the sake of brevity not all of these permutations and combinations are listed in this report.

25 The search was not restricted only to wastewater, since there may be some solution having to do with components or other parts of the water treatment system that could be applied to meet the needs of the water chain under this project.


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o Process automation / business automation o Scale-up

These words were input as described in Footnote 24 to look for any patents containing word combinations in their abstracts such as “city wastewater transport software,” “online waste-water system for municipalities,” “web-based communication of city waste water monitoring data”. Suggested keywords based on search results such as “branch” and “overflow” which were also mentioned in the support on which the keywords used were derived, support the accuracy of the search terms.

Many patents related to chemical treatments instead of electronic / digital solutions. To remove these, results with the Industry Sector of “Chemistry” were removed. Keywords relating to heat, domestic application, or households, “Sewage”, “pump”, “station,” and “branch” were removed since they resulted in too many irrelevant results.

An additional was conducted upon recommendation by WBL. The search query was broadened to only waste water transport, for “machine learning” and “predictive maintenance.” However this did not identify any patents.

The final search query is shown in Annex 2.

To note, there were patents with Manufacturing Operations Management System or Manufacturing Execution System in the abstract, however these were not related to municipal water systems. The supplier of the Aquasuite FLOW system piloted, Royal Haskoning DHV, was also searched for. They were identified only as patent assignees in one other patent26.

26 As referenced in granted patent entitled “Method and apparatus for wastewater treatment using external selection”

by Hampton Roads Sanitation District: US Patent Application Publication No. US 2006/0032815 A1 discloses an aerobic granular sludge process that appears to have been commercialized as the full-scale Nereda® process by Royal Haskoning DHV. The features of this sequencing batch reactor aerobic granular sludge process involve wasting of the fraction of slowly settling biomass from the process itself and feeding wastewater in an upflow manner through a stagnant and anaerobic layer of settled granules. This allows VFA to diffuse into the granule where PAO and GAO are established. The process is then aerated to achieve simultaneous nitrification-denitrification and denitrification by dPAO. (This patent was applied for by Technische Universiteit Delft)

PCT application publication no. WO 2013/151434 A1, which appears to be assigned to Royal Haskoning DHV, discloses the transfer of waste biomass from a granular sludge process, such as that disclosed in, e.g., US 2006/0032815 A1, into a flocculent biomass process, such as the conventional activated sludge process so as to gain the benefits in terms of settleability and nitrogen and phosphorus removal in the activated sludge process. While similar to US 2006/0032815 A1, PCT application WO2012/175489 A1 appears to improve on this process by fluidizing the bed of granules under anaerobic conditions and provides further mixing during the anaerobic period prior to aeration.


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Patent Results From the final search query, 166 patents from 166 patent families27 were identified. This means that there are no patents held in multiple jurisdictions (i.e., in multiple patent offices). There are also no patents held at the European (European Patent Office, EPO) or International (World Patent Office, WPO) level. The top patenting office is China, followed by Japan, Korea, Poland, and the Ukraine (Figure 9).

Figure 9 – Countries with the most patents. There are no patents held at the European or International level.

The most relevant patents are presented in Annex 3,

27 A patent family is the same invention disclosed by a common inventor(s) and patented in more than one country.


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Table 13. These were selected as follows:

• The patents which are held in Europe – those which are in the jurisdiction which the PCP may cover

• The patents which have a high Radicalness (RA) (RA>1) – the patents which have not cited many others and therefore filed in a ‘white space’ and which may present blocking IPR

• The patents which have a high Technical Relevance (TR) (TR>3) – the patents which are cited by many others and are therefore important to the installed base

These patents are most likely to present potential solutions which can already meet the needs of the contracting authority, or IPR which blocks innovation by firms in a PCP. A full list is available in the corresponding Excel workbook.

The patent held in the Ukraine is the following: Publication number UA26658U. AUTOMATED SYSTEM FOR CONTROL OF PUMP STATION OF MUNICIPAL WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM. An automated system for control of pump station of municipal water supply system includes pressure sensor, pressure controller and switch block, control cabinet, frequency converter for main pump unit, appliance of smooth for backup pump unit, control panel and control circuit. The patent was applied for in the year 2007, not yet granted, and expires in 2027. It may be relevant to discussions of blocking IPR or present a solution that may be purchased. Its abstract is as follows; there is no further information contained in the patent: An automated system for control of pump station of municipal water supply system includes pressure sensor, pressure controller and switch block, control cabinet, frequency converter for main pump unit, appliance of smooth for backup pump unit, control panel and control circuit. The patent held in Poland is the following: Publication number PL157872B1. METHOD OF SUPPLYING WATER TO COMUNAL WATERWORK AND SYSTEM THEREFORE. The patent was applied for in the year 1987, granted in 1992, and expired in 2007. It is not likely to be relevant to discussions of blocking IPR.

Table 8 - The top patent applicants, by patent count

Applicant Pat. Count

Fam. Count

Fam. Share

MC TR

Shanghai Haidelong Fluid Equipment Manufacture Co. Ltd. 5 5 3.01% 0.82 0

Qingdao Bolier Mechanical Equipment Co. Ltd. 5 5 3.01% 0.75 0 Wang Wen-dong 4 3 1.81% 0.81 2.38 Anhui Xing'an Electrical Equipment Technology Co. Ltd. 4 4 2.41% 0.81 0

Zhang Ming-liang 3 3 1.81% 0.78 3.42


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University Shanghai Jiaotong 3 2 1.20% 0.54 1.84 Hitachi Ltd. 3 3 1.81% 0.32 1.25

Chongqing Wofu Water Co. Ltd. 3 3 1.81% 0.79 0

Hu Xiao-en 2 2 1.20% 0.79 6.76

Zhang Mingliang 2 2 1.20% 0.79 2.96 Toshiba Corporation 2 2 1.20% 0.32 1.18 University Beijing Jiaotong 2 1 0.60% 0.78 1.12 State Grid Corporation of China 2 2 1.20% 1.27 0

Of the organizations with the highest patent count, the patent by Hitachi Ltd. are the most cited (Figure 10), suggesting that the patents have a relatively high technical relevance within the field and mostly by companies. The University of Shanghai is also highly cited, but also references others, including other universities.

Figure 10 - Citation Graph between the top patent holders

However, the patents of Hitatchi are not active, as they are lapsed (1 patent) and expired (2 patents) (Figure 11).


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Figure 11 - The patent status of the top patenting firms

The firm with the highest TR is Beijing Tsinghua With Scale Planning Design And Research Institute Co. Ltd (Table 9). This is for their patent number CN103062076A, entitled “A kind of city factory pump station single water pump performance curve rate testing method”. Its abstract is as follows: The generated data in the invention claims a city water factory pump station a single water pump performance curve rate method, city water factory pump station comprises a plurality of pumps connected in parallel, the method comprises the following steps: (1) data collecting system for smoke continuous monitor, passes through is set with inlet and outlet of the pump station monitoring instrument to obtain the pump station operation historic state data, (2) monitoring a process, using the step (1) the measured pump station operation historic state data to obtain the pump station total flow rate, a pump station total lift, a single water pump and pump station electric consumption, generating processing data, (3) data analysis: step (2), region sensitivity analysis method, pump station according to the given performance curve equation, calculating pump station, performance curve parameter of the single water pump, (4) use in the step (3), the obtained performance curve parameter of the single water pump to simulate, obtaining performance curve of single water pump, a water pump energy consumption evaluation, a single water pump improving and optimizing the pump station. | The invention provides a method for calibrating the performance curve of a single water pump in an urban water plant pump station. The urban water plant pump station comprises multiple pumps in parallel connection, and the method includes: (1), monitoring data collecting: obtaining historical data of operating state of the pump station through monitoring instruments mounted at an inlet and an outlet of the pump station; (2), monitoring data processing: utilizing the historical data of the operating state of the pump station measured in the step (1) to obtain total flow, total pumping head and electricity consumption of the pump station and operating state of the single water pump so as to generating processing data; (3), monitoring data analyzing: adopting the regional sensitivity analysis method to the data generated in the step (2), and calculating performance curve parameters of the single water pump in the pump station according to a given pump station performance curve equation; and (4), applying parameters: subjecting the performance curve parameters of the single water pump obtained in the step (3) to simulating application to obtain the performance curve, energy consumption evaluation and improvement scheme of the single water pump and optimized scheduling of the pump station.


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Table 9 - Firms with a Technical Relevance greater than 3

Applicant Pat. Count

Fam. Count

Fam. Share

MC TR

Beijing Tsinghua With Scale Planning Design And Research Institute Co. Ltd. 1 1 0.60% 0.54 13.24

Bridgestone Corp. 1 1 0.60% 0.46 6.98 Hu Xiao-en 2 2 1.20% 0.79 6.76

Li Jian-guo 1 1 0.60% 0.79 6.76

University Sichuan 1 1 0.60% 0.78 6.7 Xu Qiu-tao 1 1 0.60% 0.89 5.99 Xing Xiao-jun 1 1 0.60% 0.79 5.52 Guangzhou Chime-long Water Supply Equipment Co. Ltd. 1 1 0.60% 0.8 5.23

Zhengzhou Water Industry Science And Technology Development Co. Ltd. 1 1 0.60% 0.79 4.9

Ceng Chen-lin 1 1 0.60% 0.87 4.2 Zhang Ming-liang 3 3 1.81% 0.78 3.42 Luohe Hengyida Electric Equipment Co. Ltd. 1 1 0.60% 0.79 3.38 Kajima Corporation 1 1 0.60% 0.38 3.02 Shimizu Corp. 1 1 0.60% 0.38 3.02

Regarding the patenting activity over time (Figure 12), firms were most active in 2013, and activity in 2017 was comparatively lower. The majority of this activity was at the Chinese patent office.


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Figure 12 - Patenting activity over time, by industry type. Note that the chemical industry was removed for more accurate search results.

4.2.2 Literature Only a small number of relevant articles were identified. Search criteria had to be much further refined from that used in the patent search, assumedly due to the high amount of basic research that is done regarding chemical treatment, health concerns, and water infrastructure, including studies in undeveloped and rural areas. There are also older studies whose findings may no longer be relevant. The majority of these studies were not deemed relevant to the project at hand; however a full list is nevertheless presented in Annex 4. In total, 22 search results were returned from the final search query; 2 duplicates and 1 very old course module were removed from the list.

Water monitoring requirements for removal of specific chemicals is often discussed, but not often a software solution which can monitor and transmit information regularly, automatically, and for predictive maintenance. Some studies do relate to monitoring and predicting of a certain chemical component in water, including with respect to draining frequencies of the system.


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It is possible that, if R&D indeed must be performed and a PCP is justified, suppliers could benefit from reviewing the most relevant articles for certain insight into modeling.

A macro-analysis of the literature retrieved is not included in this report, since there were so few relevant articles identified.

4.2.3 Standards For standards, search criteria were broadened from that used in the literature search. Waste water was specified, rather than water in general, due to the high number of irrelevant standards that a broader search generated.

Sixty-four standards of possibly relevance were identified. Table 10 - SSOs with relevant standards

Standard Setting Organization Count Share MC TR

ASTM 9 14.06% 1 0.2 ANSI 5 7.81% 1 0 DIN 5 7.81% 0.89 0.92 DWA 5 7.81% 0 1.23 Verein Deutscher Ingenieure 5 7.81% 0 1 CEN 4 6.25% 0.94 0.74 Finnish Standards Association 4 6.25% 1 1.27 NEN 3 4.69% 1 0 SUTN 3 4.69% 1 0 AFNOR 2 3.13% 0.8 0 ASI 2 3.13% 1 1 BSI British Standards Institution 2 3.13% 1 0 DVGW 2 3.13% 0 0.69 NEMA 2 3.13% 0 0 AWWA 1 1.56% 1 0 Arbeitsgemeinschaft Industriebau e. V. 1 1.56% 0 0 DS 1 1.56% 1 0 FGSV 1 1.56% 0 0.07 GOST R 1 1.56% 0 2.05 ISO 1 1.56% 0 0 LANUV 1 1.56% 0 0 Polski Komitet Normalizacyjny 1 1.56% 1 0 SABS 1 1.56% 1 0


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TSE 1 1.56% 1 0 Verband Deutscher Maschinen- und Anlagenbau e. V. 1 1.56% 0 1

Germany has the highest number of standards, followed by the United States (Figure 13).

Figure 13 – Geographical distribution of relevant standards. There are 5 standards held at the international level.

The standard prEN 12255-12 entitled “Wastewater treatment plants - Part 12: Control and automation“ from CEN, published in 2003, was ratified by the Netherlands (NEN), Poland, Slovakia (SUTN - Slovensky ustav technickej normalizacie), Turkey (TSE-Turkish Standards Institution), and Germany (DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung e. V).

The list of standards deemed most relevant is given in Annex 3, Table 15.


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5 Conclusions The prior art analysis found intellectual property (patents and literature) which is relevant to the scope of both Phases 2 and 3. Standards were also identified; for Security the main activity was to compile an easy-access list based on current standards cited in reports in terms of upcoming security legislation. For Big Data, there is a patchwork of standards from various organizations which may be of interest to WBL. Table 11, below, summarizes these findings.

Table 11 - Summary of prior art findings

Phase 2: Security Phase 3: Big Data Patents Total 73 170

EU/WO28 (% of total)

27 (37.0% of total) 2 (1.2% of total) Top 10 Patent Applicants (by TR)

• NTT DOCOMO, Inc. • The Commonwealth Of Australia • Toshiba Corporation • University Colorado Regents • University of Colorado Denver • Digital Doors Inc. • Siemens Aktiengesellschaft • Protected Mobility Llc • NSS Labs, Inc. • Cuculus GmbH

• Beijing Tsinghua With Scale Planning Design And Research Institute Co. Ltd. • Bridgestone Corp. • Hu Xiao-en • Li Jian-guo • University Sichuan • Xu Qiu-tao • Xing Xiao-jun • Guangzhou Chime-long Water Supply Equipment Co. Ltd. • Zhengzhou Water Industry Science And Technology Development Co. Ltd. • Ceng Chen-lin

Literature Number 267 19 Standards Number 500 73

SEPs? No No Top SSOs (by TR)

• BSI British Standards Institution • ISO • IEEE • CEN • DIN • ASI • GOST R • IEC • ITU (ITU Internationale Fernmeldeunion) • ASTM • ETSI • VdS Schadenverhutung GmbH

• GOST R (Federal Agency on Technical Regulating and Metrology, Russia) • Finnish Standards Association • DWA (Deutsche Vereinigung für Wasserwirtschaft, Abwasser und Abfall e. V.) • Verein Deutscher Ingenieure • ASI (Austrian Standards Institute/Österreichisches Normungsinstitut) • Verband Deutscher Maschinen- und Anlagenbau e. V. • DIN • CEN • DVGW (Deutscher Verein des Gas- und Wasserfaches e. V. - Technisch-wissenschaftlicher Verein) • ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) • FGSV (Forschungsgesellschaft für Straßen- und Verkehrswesen)

28 Patents held in jurisdictions relevant to a European-wide project: Any European country, the European Patent Office,

or the World Patent Office.


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5.1 Conclusions - Phase 2: Security For Phase 2: Security, solutions are not specifically applied to critical / vital infrastructure systems for municipalities, although public access and private IT infrastructure do appear. Many of the identified patents (37%) grant protection at the European or world level, and thus these must be carefully considered so that 1) suppliers conducting R&D do not impinge on the rights of existing intellectual property (i.e., find a “work-around”), or 2) that licenses can be purchased at an acceptable cost and under acceptable conditions. If it is not expected that suppliers within the innovation procurement will innovate in this area (i.e., under the activities associated with Phase 2: Security), then identifying whether existing intellectual property is blocking or not is unnecessary.

Regarding standards related to Security, (upcoming) legislation will have a strong influence on suitable voluntary standards which WBL can apply. This legislation is the NIS Directive on cybersecurity (with focus on the essential services sector: drinking water supply and distribution) PSI Directive on public sector information sharing as open data, and INSPIRE legislation on interoperable sharing and exchange of spatial data across Europe. Specific standards applicable to the Drinking Water Supply and Distribution sector, as identified in the ENISA report,29 are ISO-27001 and ISA/IEC62443. There is a suite of complementary standards which may also be picked from, with the most-cited standards being from BSI, ISO, IEEE, CEN, DIN, and GHOST R.

If WBL wishes to use standards to 1) define and reference security levels and 2) requirements to move to higher levels in its call for tenders, then it may also consider publications of Karokoala et al. in describing security maturity level dimensions,30 and NIST report describing security functions, category, subcategory, and standards references.31 The supporting frameworks developed by NIST are central to both publications, and given the characteristics of the institution should be suitably open and without unbalanced industry interests.

29 ENISA (2017). Mapping of OES Security Requirements to Specific Sectors. European Union Agency For Network and

Information Security. December 2017. Available at https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications/mapping-of-oes-security-requirements-to-specific-sectors/

30 Karokola, G., Kowalski, S., & Yngstrom, L. (2011). Towards An Information Security Maturity Model for Secure e-Government Services: A Stakeholders View. Stockholm University. Pp. 4-5. Available at https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/a1a4/a7cdb1f9890a1ee9415f0da1736f9a391042.pdf

31 NIST (2018). Framework for Improving Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity. National Institute of Standards and Technology. April 16, 2018. Version 1.1. Pp. 23-44. Available at https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/CSWP/NIST.CSWP.04162018.pdf



https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/a1a4/a7cdb1f9890a1ee9415f0da1736f9a391042.pdf

https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/CSWP/NIST.CSWP.04162018.pdf


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5.2 Conclusions - Phase 3: Big Data For Phase 3: Big Data, there appears to be room for suppliers to innovate, and incentives for them to do so, given that there are almost no relevant patents with coverage in a Dutch or European-wide innovation procurement (1.2% of total)32 and no patents with global coverage. There are no patents belonging to a patent family (i.e., receiving coverage at more than one patent office), and the patents are relatively dispersed among a number of suppliers (the company with the highest number of relevant patents has 5 of the 170, or only 3%). The vast majority of patents are held in China, and by Chinese companies. Compared with patents in Phase 2: Security, patents for Big Data had much higher Technical Relevance (TR) scores (18 patents with a TR > 3), indicating that there are a number of patents for which certain attention must be given as they are more technically relevant to other solutions in the area. These patents are held in China, Japan, and the US, and therefore while they do not block similar innovation in the Netherlands or the EU, they may have technical characteristics which can benefit suppliers developing new solutions while having a low risk of being infringed.

Literature for Big Data is primarily on methods and models for water treatment systems, including foci on chemical analysis, prediction, and monitoring. This is often based on statistical analysis, and offers early-stage research that may be of interest to WBL in defining the solution space or supplier requirements. Standards for Big Data have been set by industry consortia (e.g., NEMA National Electrical Manufacturers Association) and standards-setting organizations (ASTM, NEN and DIN, among others). Topics range from increasing energy efficiency, to automatic sampling, to field bus systems and control / automation. The 2003 European standard was harmonized by countries including by NEN, DIN (Germany), PN (Poland), and SN (Slovakia), entitled: “Wastewater treatment plants - Part 12: Control and automation”. International standards cover information systems connections in local area networks (ISO).33

5.3 Conclusions – Next Steps A technical analysis of documents found would confirm their relevance, and help to inform technical questions to include in the MC as well as technical specifications for the tender documentation. Due to the resources required to review all 183 patents, 286 articles, and 573 standards,34 it is recommended to review only the “short list” of each of these; for patents, this was determined based on patent office jurisdiction scope (NL, EU, or World), high Technical Relevance (TR) and high Radicalness (RA). Additionally, is recommended that a technical expert 32 Note that as one of these patents is outdated and expired, there is only really one which could be investigated for

jurisdictional reasons (Ukraine): Patent number UA26658U – Automated system for control of pump station of municipal water supply system.

33 The other international standard, management under crisis conditions standard by IWS (International Workshop Agreement of ISO), has been withdrawn https://www.iso.org/standard/46456.html

34 Notably, some of these standards are updated versions, such that the actual number would be somewhat less than 573. All versions of standards which are found are included, however, since this gives some insight into the standardization activity of various organizations over time.

https://www.iso.org/standard/46456.html


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review the title/abstract, rather than the whole document; as patents, literature, and (most) standards undergo a thorough review process, it can be safely assumed that the abstract is representative of the applicability of the document as a whole.

Regarding the question content, if patents are determined to be blocking, then the MC can include questions regarding how suppliers would innovate around these particular patents. If licenses can be negotiated on reasonable terms and costs, then the MC can include questions regarding how suppliers would integrate these patents into their final solution, with respect to how doing so meets each requirement of WBL. Also, regarding standards, WBL can request that the final solution complies with particular standards, such as which can support meeting (upcoming) legal requirements, or apply measurement and testing standards as part of the assessment criteria at different phases of the PCP, for example.

On a project level, decisions regarding the MC must be made as to which parties to target, in addition to the technical questions to ask them. This is determined based on the desired scope of the procurement, which again should be informed by the legal and technical possibilities presented on the basis of the prior art identified in this analysis.


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6 Annex 1 – IPlytics data coverage - Patents


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7 Annex 2 – Search interface An example of the search interface is given in Figure 14.

Figure 14 - Overview of the final search query used to generate the initial list of patents, which was then reviewed by hand to remove non-relevant patents

8 Annex 3 – Top Search Results for Phases 2 and 3 Table 12 - Top search results for patents for Phase 2, based on the presence of at least two reasons for being selected for the 'short list' (e.g., both MC>1.4, and Geography (EU))

Selected for short list because

Title English IPC Description Publication Nr. Applicant Patent Office

Expiration Date

IPC Market Coverage (MC)

Technical Relevance (TR)

Radicalness (RA)

MC > 1.4, EU

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DETECTING INTRUSION IN NETWORKS AND SYSTEMS BASED ON BUSINESS-PROCESS SPECIFICATION

[Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security,TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION,by monitoring network traffic,for detecting or protecting against malicious traffic]

EP2911362A2 Inesc Inovação-instituto De Novas Tecnologias (inov)

EP 16-10-33 H04L002906 | G06F002155

1.778731 0

MC > 1.4, EU

THREAT AND DEFENSE EVASION MODELING SYSTEM AND METHOD

[Assessing vulnerabilities and evaluating computer system security,Certifying or maintaining trusted computer platforms, e.g. secure boots or power-downs, version controls, system software checks, secure updates or assessing vulnerabilities,ELECTRICAL DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING,Monitoring users, programs or devices to maintain the integrity of platforms, e.g. of processors, firmware or operating systems,Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity]

EP3134816A1 NSS Labs, Inc. EP 22-04-35 G06F001100 1.432476 0

MC > 1.4, EU

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MANAGING SECURITY IN A COMPUTER NETWORK

[Countermeasures against malicious traffic,Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security,TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION,for detecting or protecting against malicious traffic]

EP3292471A2 Hasan Syed Kamran

EP 04-05-36 G06F001100 1.774671 0

MC > 1.4, RA>2

Threat and defense evasion modeling system and method


US9665721B2 NSS Labs, Inc. US 21-04-35 H04L002906 | G06F002157

1.432476 0 3.3622663

RA>2, EU

METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT

[Access arrangements, e.g. Internet access,Access multiplexer, e.g. DSLAM,Data switching

EP2041923B1 Cuculus GmbH EP 12-07-27 H04L001228 1.037457 0 2.0575318


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FOR CREATING NETWORKS FOR ACCESSING A PUBLIC NETWORK

networks,Multiservice, e.g. MSAN,Operational details of access network equipments,TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION,Wide area networks, e.g. public data networks,characterised by path configuration, e.g. local area networks [LAN], wide area networks [WAN],characterised by the offered subscriber services]

RA>2, WO

A METHOD AND A SOFTWARE SYSTEM FOR END-TO-END SECURITY ASSESSMENT FOR SECURITY AND CIP PROFESSIONALS

[Administration; Management,DATA PROCESSING SYSTEMS OR METHODS, SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL, SUPERVISORY OR FORECASTING PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL, SUPERVISORY OR FORECASTING PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR,Resources, workflows, human or project management, e.g. organising, planning, scheduling or allocating time, human or machine resources; Enterprise planning; Organisational models]

WO2007072483A2 Adar Eyal WO 19-12-26

1.108734 0 3.4366987

RA>2, WO

A SECURITY ASSESSMENT METHOD FOR USE BY SECURITY AND CIP PROFESSIONALS

[Administration; Management,DATA PROCESSING SYSTEMS OR METHODS, SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL, SUPERVISORY OR FORECASTING PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL, SUPERVISORY OR FORECASTING PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR,Resources, workflows, human or project management, e.g. organising, planning, scheduling or allocating time, human or machine resources; Enterprise planning; Organisational models]

WO2007072483A3 Adar Eyal WO 19-12-26 G06F001214 | G08B002300

1.125013 0 3.0426648

TR > 1, MC > 1.4

SOFTWARE-DEFINED ENERGY COMMUNICATION NETWORKS

[Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to

US20140371941A1

University Colorado Regents | University of Colorado Denver

US 18-06-34 G05F000166 1.348518 4.6533666


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restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems,Regulating electric power,SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES]

TR > 1, RA>2

Method and an apparatus for assessing a security of a component and a corresponding system


US20100115601A1

Siemens Aktiengesellschaft

US 26-03-29 G06F001700 | G06F001100

0.759796 1.8813332 6.9672947

TR > 1, RA>2

SYSTEM AND METHOD OF PROVIDING TRUSTED, SECURE, AND VERIFIABLE OPERATING ENVIRONMENT

[Certifying or maintaining trusted computer platforms, e.g. secure boots or power-downs, version controls, system software checks, secure updates or assessing vulnerabilities,ELECTRICAL DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING,Monitoring users, programs or devices to maintain the integrity of platforms, e.g. of processors, firmware or operating systems,Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity]

US20120060030A1

US 07-09-30 H04L002906 0.766065 4.4714317 4.188652


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Table 13 - Top search results for patents for Phase 3: Big Data - with geography in the EU, RA>1, and TR > 3

Why selected

Title English IPC Description Publication Nr.

Applicant Patent Office

Application Date

Expiration Date

IPC Market Coverage (MC)

Technical Relevance (TR)

Radicalness (RA)

Geography (EU)

AUTOMATED SYSTEM FOR CONTROL OF PUMP STATION OF MUNICIPAL WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM

[INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER,Use of pumping plants or installations; Layouts thereof]

UA26658U

Grytsak Sergii Volodymyrovych

UA 27-08-07

27-08-27

E03B000500 | F04D001500

0.01

Geography (EU)

METHOD OF SUPPLYING WATER TO COMUNAL WATERWORK AND SYSTEM THEREFOR

[Adaptations of devices for putting pumping plants in and out of operation, e.g. automatic control devices,Arrangements or adaptations of tanks for water supply,INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER,for public or like main water supply]

PL157872B1

PL 11-11-87

11-11-07

E03B001116 | F04D001500

0.05

RA>1 Method for controlling dynamic division of urban water supply area based on real-time hydraulic information

[Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion,CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS]

CN102385313B

University Shanghai Jiaotong

CN 17-06-11

17-06-31

G05B001300

0.55 0.00 1.95

RA>1 Well tending method and apparatus

[CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS,Systems controlled by a computer,electric]

US6542827B1

Koster Wallace C

US 31-08-00

31-08-20

G05B001502 | G05B002302 | G06F001900

0.77 0.72 1.31


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TR>3 A kind of city factory pump station single water pump performance curve rate testing method

[Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems,NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT PUMPS]

CN103062076A

Beijing Tsinghua With Scale Planning Design And Research Institute Co. Ltd.

CN 25-01-13

25-01-33

F04D001500

0.54 13.24

TR>3 Tank-type laminated water supplying device


CN201850583U

Hu Xiao-en CN 24-11-10

24-11-30

E03B001116 | E03B000707

0.79 10.13

TR>3 Used for secondary pressing the energy-saving high-rise water supply system and the energy-saving water supply method


CN103061384A

Wang Wen-dong

CN 25-01-13

25-01-33

E03B001116

0.82 9.51

TR>3 Frequency conversion jet-current storage and adjustment pressurizing water supply device


CN201581450U

Zhang Ming-liang

CN 26-11-09

26-11-29

E03B001116

0.79 8.28

TR>3 A high level constant-current compensatory water supply device


CN201722735U

Li Jian-guo CN 13-05-10

13-05-30

E03B001116 | E03B000707

0.79 6.76


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TR>3 Clean energy-saving full automatic water feeder


CN2546510Y

Xu Qiu-tao CN 16-05-02

16-05-22

E03B001116

0.89 5.99

TR>3 No-negative pressure pollution-free energy-storing pressure-stabilizing water supply plant for running water

[Arrangement of devices, e.g. filters, flow controls, measuring devices, siphons, valves, in the pipe systems,INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER,Water main or service pipe systems]

CN201635117U

Xing Xiao-jun CN 13-04-10

13-04-30

E03B000707 | E03B000500 | E03B001116

0.79 5.52

TR>3 Compensation tank type no-negative pressure water supply device


CN202117121U

Guangzhou Chime-long Water Supply Equipment Co. Ltd.

CN 23-06-11

23-06-31

E03B001116 | E03B000707 | E03B001106

0.80 5.23

TR>3 Pipe network overlapping intelligent water supply pump station system


CN201250419Y

Zhengzhou Water Industry Science And Technology Development Co. Ltd.

CN 05-09-08

05-09-28

E03B000707

0.79 4.90

TR>3 Tap water without negative pressure automatic constant-pressure water supply compensation device


CN2721722Y

Ceng Chen-lin

CN 27-08-04

27-08-24

E03B001116

0.87 4.20


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TR>3 A Large-Scale Non-Subpressure Water Works


CN200946293Y

Zhang Mingliang

CN 08-09-06

08-09-26

E03B001116 | E03B000709

0.79 3.95

TR>3 Solar variable-frequency auxiliary constant-pressure water supply energy-saving control system


CN201713861U

Luohe Hengyida Electric Equipment Co. Ltd.

CN 06-05-10

06-05-30

E03B000707 | E03B000500 | H02S004032

0.79 3.38

TR>3 Pot-type laminated water supplying device


CN201850584U

Hu Xiao-en CN 24-11-10

24-11-30

E03B001116 | E03B000707 | E03B000709

0.79 3.38

TR>3 REMOTE MONITORING SYSTEM OF SEWAGE TREATMENT FACILITY

[Other installations or implements for operating sewer systems, e.g. for preventing or indicating stoppage; Emptying cesspools,SEWERS; CESSPOOLS]

JP10311085A

Kajima Corporation

JP 12-05-97

12-05-17

E03F000700

0.38 3.02

TR>3 WATER FEED CONTROL SYSTEM OF BUILDING

[INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER,Water main or service pipe systems]

JP10311068A

Shimizu Corp.

JP 12-05-97

12-05-17

E03B000700 | E03B000707 | E03B001116 | E03C000102

0.38 3.02


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TR>3 Generating method for pressure distribution graph of city water supply pipe network

[PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES,Protection or supervision of installations]

CN101806396A

University Shanghai Jiaotong

CN 24-04-10

24-04-30

F17D000500

0.52 5.51 0.33

TR>3 FAILURE DETECTION SYSTEM FOR CHECK VALVE


JP8178805A

Bridgestone Corp.

JP 20-12-94

20-12-14

E03B000707 | F16K001500 | F16K003700 | G01L001300 | G01M000304 | G01M000326 | G01M000328 | G01M009900

0.46 6.98 0.26

TR>3 Automatic order water flushing method of pumping closestool and automatic order water flushing device

[Details of shape of cisterns, e.g. for connecting to wall, for supporting or connecting flushing-device actuators,Shape or selection of material for flushing cisterns,WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR,Water flushing devices with cisterns;]

CN101250894A

University Sichuan

CN 11-04-08

11-04-28

E03D0001012 | E03C000112 | E03D000135 | E03D000509

0.78 6.70 0.07


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Table 14 – Top search results for literature for Phase 3: Big Data

Title Date Organization Source Predicting atrazine levels in water utility intake water for MCL compliance.

01-10-08

[USDA-ARS, National Soil Erosion Research Laboratory, 275 South Russell St,West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA] Environmental science & technology

Characterization and Quantification of Polyquaterniums via Single-Use Polymer Membrane-Based Polyion-Sensitive Electrodes

01-01-17 [University Michigan, United States] ACS Sens

Modelling geosmin concentrations in three sources of raw water in Quebec, Canada

09-02-12

[Laboratoire Chimie Environnement Université Aix-Marseille Marseille Canada,University Laval Québec City Canada] Environmental Monitoring and Assessment

Temporal performance assessment of wastewater treatment plants by using multivariate statistical analysis.

15-05-17 Journal of environmental management

Identification of critical contaminants in wastewater effluent for managed aquifer recharge.

01-04-17 Chemosphere

Fluoride tracer test for the performance analysis of a basin used as a lagooning pre-treatment facility in a WTP

01-02-15

[Land and Infrastructure Engineering Politecnico di Torino Torino Italy] Environmental Science and Pollution Research

Distribution of linear alkylbenzenes (LABs) in riverine and coastal environments in South and Southeast Asia

01-05-04 WATER RESEARCH

DEMAND SIDE MANAGEMENT OF WATER IN ONTARIO MUNICIPALITIES: STATUS, PROGRESS, AND OPPORTUNITIES

01-02-01

[Respectively, Associate Professor, University Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada; M Consulting, Ontario N1C 1E9, Canada; Professor, Canada; Environmental Economist, Great Lakes And Corporate Affairs Office, Environment Canada-Ontario Region, 867 Lakeshore Blvd, P.O. Box 5050, Burlington, Ontario L7R 4A6, Canada; And Atmospheric Change Impacts And Adaptation Research Group, Atmosphere Environment Service, Environment Canada, University Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada (E-Mail/de Lo]

JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association

The detection of pollution—some novel approaches

18-12-98

[Yorkshire Water Services Ltd, Western House, Halifax Road, Bradford, BD6 2LZ, England] Environmental Toxicology


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Case study of waste water minimization at a general electric manufacturing plant

01-08-95

[General Electric Corporate Research and Development, Schenectady, NY]

Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy

Behavior of non-regulated disinfection by-products in water following multiple chlorination points during treatment.

15-05-17 The Science of the total environment

Experimental disinfection by-product formation potential following rainfall events.

01-11-16

[cole supérieure d'aménagement du territoire et de développement régional (ESAD), Université Laval, 1624 Pavillon Savard, Québec, QC, G1K-7P4, Canada] Water research


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Table 15 - Top search results for standards for Phase 3: Big Data

Title Standard Document Id

Publication Date

Standards Committee/Consortium

Standard Setting Organization

Standard Setting Organization Acronym

Characterization of sludges - Good practice for sludges incineration with and without grease and screenings

CEN/TR 13767:2004 en 01-08-04

390020: Normcommissie Milieukwaliteit NEN NEN

Conditions for pressure classification of products for water and wastewater pipelines

OENORM EN 14801 01-12-06 FNA 120 Abwassertechnik

ASI Austrian Standards Institute/Österreichisches Normungsinstitut ASI

German standard methods for the examination of water, waste water and sludge - General informations (group A) - Part 24: Guidance on sampling of suspended sediments (A 24) DIN 38402-24 01-05-07

Normenausschuss Wasserwesen (NAW)

DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung e. V. DIN

Guidelines for the management of drinking water utilities under crisis conditions ARP 6:2010 28-07-10

223:NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT

SABS STANDARDS DIVISION SABS

Guidelines for the management of drinking water utilities under crisis conditions IWA 6 01-04-08

ISO Internationale Organisation für Normung

ISO Internationale Organisation für Normung ISO

Increasing Energy Efficiency in Urban Water Systems Summary Report NEMA EWS 1 01-01-16

NEMA National Electrical Manufacturers Association

NEMA National Electrical Manufacturers Association NEMA

Information systems interconnection. Local area networks. ISO 8802-3 thin coaxial trunk cable for indoor installation SFS 5667 24-12-00

Finnish Standards Association

Finnish Standards Association

Methods for water reuse - Selection criteria, field of application VDMA 24651 01-11-10

Verband Deutscher Maschinen- und Anlagenbau e. V.



Small wastewater treatment systems for up to 50 PT - Part 3: Packaged and/or site assembled domestic wastewater treatment plants

EN 12566-3+A1/FprA2 01-12-12 CEN/TC 165 Abwassertechnik

CEN Europäisches Komitee für Normung CEN

Small wastewater treatment systems for up to 50 PT - Part 3: Packaged and/or site assembled domestic wastewater treatment plants (Amendment)

OENORM EN 12566-3/A1 15-10-08 FNA 120 Abwassertechnik

ASI Austrian Standards Institute/Österreichisches Normungsinstitut ASI

Standard Guide for Recordkeeping Microfiltration and Ultrafiltration Systems ASTM D 7285 01-01-06

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) ASTM


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Standard Guide for Sampling Wastewater With Automatic Samplers ASTM D 6538 01-01-12

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) ASTM

Use of field bus systems in water supply plants VDI/VDE 3552 01-10-06 VDI/VDE-Gesellschaft Mess- und Automatisierungstechnik

Verein Deutscher Ingenieure


Use of field bus systems in water supply plants VDI/VDE/DWA 3552 01-06-07

VDI/VDE-Gesellschaft Mess- und Automatisierungstechnik



Use of field bus systems in water supply plants - Specification of functions and parameters for field instruments and analyzers for municipal and industrial sewage and water treatment plants - Actuators

VDI/VDE/ATV 3552 Blatt 3 01-06-02




Use of field bus systems in water supply plants - Specification of functions and parameters for field instruments and analyzers for municipal and industrial sewage and water treatment plants - General statements





Use of field bus systems in water supply plants - Specification of functions and parameters for field instruments and analyzers for municipal and industrial sewage and water treatment plants - Measuring instruments and analyzers





Wastewater treatment plants - Part 12: Control and automation

NEN-EN 12255-12:2003 en 01-10-03

34916540: Afvalwaterzuiveringsinstallaties NEN NEN

Wastewater treatment plants - Part 12: Control and automation

PN-EN 12255-12:2005 27-04-05 KT 278

Polski Komitet Normalizacyjny

Polski Komitet Normalizacyjny

Wastewater treatment plants - Part 12: Control and automation prEN 12255-12 01-04-03 CEN/TC 165 Abwassertechnik

CEN Europäisches Komitee für Normung CEN

Wastewater treatment plants - Part 12: Control and automation TS EN 12255-12 24-04-06 Cevre Ihtisas Grubu

TSE-Turkish Standards Institution TSE

Wastewater treatment plants - Part 12: Control and automation; German version EN 12255-12:2003

DIN EN 12255-12 01-12-03

Normenausschuss Wasserwesen (NAW)

DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung e. V. DIN

Wastewater treatment plants. Part 11: General data required

STN EN 12255-11 01-09-03

TK 1 Water pipes and sewerage system

SUTN - Slovensky ustav technickej normalizacie SUTN

Wastewater treatment plants. Part 12: Control and automation

STN EN 12255-12 01-04-06

TK 1 Water pipes and sewerage system

SUTN - Slovensky ustav technickej normalizacie SUTN

PRIOR ART ANALYSIS PROJECT WATERKETEN LIMBURG · 1 Through the GEuropean Assistance for Innovation...

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