Printing Presentation

8/8/2019 Printing Presentation

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Chloe Jacks


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Etchingy Etching is the process of using strong acid or is the process of

using strong acid or mordantto cut into the unprotected parts ofa mordantto cut into the unprotected parts of a metal surface to

create a design in intaglio in the metal surface to create a designin intaglio in the metal the original process metal the originalprocessin modern in modern manufacturing other chemicalsmay be used on manufacturing other chemicals may be used onother types of material. As an intaglio method other types ofmaterial. As an intaglio method of printmaking it is, along with

engraving, the of printmaking it is, along with engraving, themost importanttechnique for old master prints ,most importanttechnique for old master prints ,and remains widely used today.

And remains widely used today.


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Linocuty Linocut is a printmaking technique, a variant of is a printmaking

technique, a variant of woodcut in which a sheet of linoleumsometimes woodcut in which a sheet of linoleum sometimesmounted on a wooden block is used for the relief mounted on a

wooden block is used for the relief surface. A design is cut intothe linoleum surface surface. A design is cut into the linoleumsurface with a sharp knife, with a sharp knife, V--shaped chisel orgouge, with the shaped chisel or gouge, with the raised un carvedareas representing a reversal raised un carved areas representinga reversal mirror image ofthe parts to show printed. The mirror

image ofthe parts to show printed. The linoleum sheet is inkedwith a roller called a brayer, linoleum sheet is inked with a rollercalled a brayer ,and then impressed onto paper or fabric. Theactual and then impressed onto paper or fabric. The actualprinting can be done by hand or with a press.


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Screen Printingy Screen printing is a printing technique that uses a woven is a printing

technique that uses a woven mesh to support an ink mesh to support an ink--blocking stencil. The attached blocking stencil. The attached stencil formsopen areas of mesh thattransfer ink as a stencil forms open areas of mesh thattransfer ink as a sharp-edged image onto a substrate. A roller or squeegee imageonto a substrate. A roller or squeegee is moved across the screen stencil, forcingor pumping ink is moved across the screen stencil, forcing or pumping ink pastthe threads ofthe woven mesh in the open pastthe threads ofthe woven meshin the open areas Screen printing is also a stencil method of print areas. Screenprinting is also a stencil method of printmaking in which a design is imposedon a screen of silk or making in which a design is imposed on a screen of silk orother fine mesh, with blank areas coated with another fine mesh, with blank

areas coated with an impermeable substance, and ink is forced through theimpermeable substance, and ink is forced through the mesh onto the printingsurface. It is also known as Screen mesh onto the printing surface. It is alsoknown as Screen Printing, silkscreen, serigraphy, and serigraph.


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Woodcuty Woodcutformally known as xylography formally known as xylographyis a relief

is a relief printing artistic technique in printmaking in which an printingartistic technique in printmaking in which an image is carved into the surfaceof a block of wood, with image is carved into the surface of a block of wood,with the printing parts remaining level with the surface while the printingparts remaining level with the surface while the non the non--printing parts areremoved, typically with gouges. printing parts are removed, typically withgouges. The areas to show 'white' are cut away with a knife or the areas to show'white' are cut away with a knife or chisel, leaving the characters or image toshow in 'black chisel, leaving the characters or image to show in 'black attheoriginal surface level. The block is cut along the atthe original surface level.The block is cut along the grain ofthe wood unlike wood engraving where the

block grain ofthe wood unlike wood engraving where the block is cut in theend is cut in the end--grain. In Europe beech wood was most grain. In Europebeech wood was most commonly used; in Japan, a special type of cherry woodcommonly used; in Japan, a special type of cherry wood was used.


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Lithographyy Lithography is a method for printing using a stone

(lithographic limestone) or printing using a stone

(lithographic limes

tone) or a me

tal pla

te wi

th acompletely smooth surface. Ametal plate with a

completely smooth surface. As a low enfolder as a low--cost method of publishing cost method of publishingtheatrical works, lithography can be used to theatrical

works, lithography can be used to printtext or artworkonto paper or another printtext or artwork onto paperor another suitable material.


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Mechanical Printing


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Letter Pressy Letterpress printing is a term for the relief printing oftext printing is a term for

the relief printing oftext and image using a press with a "type and image usinga press with a "type--high bed" printing high bed" printing press and movabletype, in which a reversed, raised press and movable type, in which a reversed,raised surface is inked and then pressed into a sheet of paper to surface is inkedand then pressed into a sheet of paper to obtain a positive right obtain apositive right--reading image. Itwas the normal reading image. It was thenormal form of printing text from its invention by Johannes form of printingtext from its invention by Johannes Gutenberg in the mid Gutenberg in themid--15th century until the 19th century15th century until the 19th century andremained in wide use for books and other uses until and remained in wide usefor books and other uses until the second half ofthe 20th century. In additiontothe

the second half of

the 20

th cen

tury. In addi

tion

tothe direc

timpressionof inked movable type onto paper or direct impression of inked movable type

onto paper or an other receptive surface, printmaking blocks such as anotherreceptive surface, printmaking blocks such as photo--etched zinc "cuts"(plates), linoleum blocks, wood etched zinc "cuts" (plates), linoleum blocks,wooden graving, etc., using such a press. Engravings, etc.


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How newspapers are printedy Newsprint is generally made by a mechanical milling process,

withoutthe chemical processes that are process, withoutthechemical processes that are often used to remove lignin from thepulp. The lignin often used to remove lignin from the pulp. Thelignin causes the paper to rapidly become brittle and causes thepaper to rapidly become brittle and yellow when exposed to airand/or sunlight. Yellow when exposed to air and/or sunlight.Traditionally, newsprint was made from fibers Traditionally,newsprint was made from fibers extracted from various softwoodspecies oftrees extracted from various softwood species oftrees

(most commonly, spruce, fir, balsam or pine. most commonly,spruce, fir, balsam or pine). However, an increasing percentage ofthe worlds. However, an increasing percentage ofthe worlds.Newsprint is made with recycled fibers.


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Digital Printing


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Photocopyingy Photocopying is widely used in business, is widely

used in business, education, and government. Therehave been education, and government. There havebeen many predictions that photocopiers will manypredictions that photocopiers will eventually becomeobsolete as information eventually become obsolete asinformation workers continue to increase their digital

workers cont

inuet

o increaset

heir digit

al document

creation and distribution, and rely document creationand distribution, and rely less on distributing actualpieces of paper.


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Laser PrintingyA laser printer is a common type of computer laser

printer is a common type of qualitytext and graphic

son plain paper. As with digi

tal and graphic son plainpaper. As with digital photocopiers and multifunction

printers ,laser printers employ a xerographic printingprinting process but differ from analog photocopiers inthatthe image is produced bythe directthatthe imageis produced bythe direct scanning of a laser beamacross the printer's scanning of a laser beam across theprinter's photo receptor.


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InkjetyAn inkjet printer is a type of computer printer inkjet

printer is a type of computer printer that reproduces adigital image by propelling that reproduces a digitalimage by propelling variably-sized droplets of liquidmaterial ink sized droplets of liquid material ink on toa page. Inkjet printers are the most on to a page. Inkjetprinters are the most common type of printer and

range from small commont

ype of print

er and rangefrom small inexpensive consumer models to very largeand inexpensive consumer models to very large andexpensive professional machines.

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