MGT 113 PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT

INTRODUCTIONTO MANAGEMENT

AND ORGANIZATIONS

Chapter One

1

Who Are Managers?

Manager-someone who works with and through other people by coordinating their work activities in order to accomplish (meet) organizational goals.-changing nature of organizations and work has blurred the clear lines of distinction between managers and non-managerial employees.

2

Who Are Managers? (cont.)

Managerial TitlesFirst-line managers - manage the work of non-managerial individuals who are directly involved with the production/service or creation of the organization’s products.Middle managers - all managers between the first-line level and the top level of the organization manage the first-line managers.Top managers - responsible for making organization-wide decisions and establishing the plans and goals that affect the entire organization.

3

Organizational Levels

Non-managerial Employees

TopManagers

MiddleManagers

First-lineManagers

4

What Is Management?

Managementthe process of coordinating work activities so that they are completed efficiently and effectively with and through other people.Elements of definition:

Process - represents ongoing functions or primary activities engaged in by managers.Coordinating - distinguishes a managerial position from a non-managerial one.Efficiency - getting the most output from the least amount of inputs “doing things right ”, concerned with means.Effectiveness - completing activities so that organizational goals are attained, “doing the right things” , concerned with ends.

5

Efficiency and Effectiveness in Management

6

What Do Managers Do?

Management Functions and Process-most useful conceptualization of the manager’s job.i. Planning - defining goals, establishing

strategies for achieving those goals, and developing plans to integrate and coordinate activities.

ii. Organizing - determining what tasks are to be done, who is to do them, how the tasks are to be grouped, who reports to whom, and where decisions are made.

iii. Leading/Influencing - directing and motivating all involved parties and dealing with employee behavior issues. As guiding the activities of organization members in appropriate directions.

iv. Controlling - monitoring activities to ensure that they are going as planned.

7

What Do Managers Do? (cont.)

Management process-Set of ongoing decisions and work activities in which managers engage as they plan, organize, lead/influence, and control.-Managerial activities are usually done in a continuous manner.

8

EXHIBIT : SKILLS NEEDED AT DIFFERENT MANAGEMENT LEVELS

9

What Do Managers Do? (cont.)

Managing SystemsSystem - a set of interrelated and interdependent parts arranged in a manner that produces a unified whole provides a more general and broader picture of what managers do than the other perspectives provide.Closed system - not influenced by and do not interact with their environment.Open system - dramatically interact with their environment organizations - take in inputs from their environments transform or process inputs into outputs and outputs are distributed into the environment.

10

11

What Do Managers Do? (cont.)

Managing Systems (cont.)-managers must:-

• coordinate various work activities. • ensure that interdependent parts work together.

• recognize and understand the impact of various external factors -decisions and actions taken in one organizational area will affect other areas and vice versa.

12

What Do Managers Do? (cont.)

Managing in Different and Changing Situations

- require managers to use different approaches and techniques.Contingency perspective - different ways of managing are required in different organizations and different circumstances.

• stresses that there are no simplistic or universal rules

• contingency variable13

EXHIBIT : POPULAR CONTINGENCY VARIABLES

14

What Is An Organization?

• Organization- a deliberate arrangement of people to accomplish

some specific purpose• elements of definition

– each organization has a distinct purpose.– each organization is composed of people.– all organizations develop some deliberate

structure.– today’s organizations have adopted:

• flexible work arrangements.• open communications.• greater responsiveness to changes.

15

EXHIBIT : THE CHANGING ORGANIZATION

16

Why Study Management?

• Universality of Management– management is needed

• in all types and sizes of organizations.• at all organizational levels.• in all work areas.

– management functions must be performed in all organizations• consequently, have vested interest in

improving management.

17

EXHIBIT : UNIVERSAL NEED FOR MANAGEMENT

18

Why Study Management?

The Reality of Work:-– most people have some managerial

responsibilities.– most people work for a manager.

Challenge of being managerBeing a manager is hard work:-

- must deal with a variety of personalities.- must motivate workers in the face of uncertainty.

19

Why Study Management?

• Rewards of Being a Manager:-– create an environment that allows

others to do their best work.– provide opportunities to think creatively

and innovatively.– help others find meaning and

fulfillment.– meet and work with a variety of people.

20

Challenge Case/Kajian kes

NEW HARRY POTTER PARK AT UNIVERSAL1) Please refer case study given. Sila rujuk kepada kajian kes

yang dilampirkan.2) Individual tasks: (5% marks) tugasan individu (before CNY-

waktu kelas. 18/01/2012a) Do you think it will be difficult for you to become a successful

manager? Explain.b) What do you think you would like most about being a

manager? What would you like least?c) The case indicates that Tom Williams, chairperson at

Universal, will face the challenge of building the New Harry Potter theme park. Assuming that you are Williams, list and describe five activities that you think you will have to perform as part of this job.

d) Email to eizelln79@yahoo.come) www.slideshare.net/eizelldino

21

a) Any feedback, suggestions and comments, please put your query at face book to be share among team members.

Thank you.

22

23

ACTIVITY 1

In groups of 5, discuss the questions as below using mind map to answer them. Time given 10mins.Choose a leader to present at the end of your discussion.

Question:-1) What is management?2) Define four principal activities of the management process.3) Describe different categories of managers (5mins)

Expected Outcome:1) Each group should have three sheets of mind map one for

each question.2) The mind map should only contain keywords

24

ACTIVITY 2

In my facebook page, discuss the given case study and post questions to each other and answer the questions given.

Facebook discussionhttp://www.facebook.com/pages/Meera-Bai-Class-2011-/190000627752400