PRINCIPLES THAT GUIDE NURSING KLUTSEY ELLEN E. SONAM UHAS.
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Transcript of PRINCIPLES THAT GUIDE NURSING KLUTSEY ELLEN E. SONAM UHAS.
PRINCIPLES THAT GUIDE NURSING
KLUTSEY ELLEN E.SONAMUHAS
PRINCIPLES THAT GUIDE NURSING
At the end of the lessons, students should be able to
List and explain at least two principles that guide nursing actions
Discuss Maslow's hierarchy of needs and its relevance to nursing
Outline the nursing process and Plan care for a chosen patient using
the nursing process.
PRINCIPLES THAT GUIDE NURSING
Man as a unique individual; maintaining the individuality of man
Every individual client is unique and needs to be treated as such. Even two patients with the same disease condition may differ in their needs. It is therefore necessary to avoid generalized nursing; care must tailored to meet the individual needs.
PRINCIPLES THAT GUIDE NURSINGMan as a living organism; maintaining
the physiological function of man.Man as a living organism, exhibits the
characteristics of living things; Respiration-(breath either normally or
through artificial means)Nutrition (maintain adequate nutrition
through the per os or through artificial means)
EliminationLocomotionResponse to stimuliReproduction
PRINCIPLES THAT GUIDE NURSING
Man and his environment; protecting man from injury
The client must be protected from injury, internally and externally
External injuries include;Burns from hot water bottle, Fracture from fallsInjuries from proceduresCrush injury from cylinders etc.
PRINCIPLES THAT GUIDE NURSING
Internal injuries may include:Overdose of drugsElevation of sugar levels above the
limitNosocomial infections etc.Emotional trauma
It means security, stability, protection and freedom from fear and anxiety.
MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS
Maslow’s Hierarchy of NeedsMaslow believed that there an
organism/human is constantly motivated to meet changing needs. These needs he ranked in order (hierarchy) with physiological needs first and the secondary needs ascending.
MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS
Self actualization needs
Self esteem needs
Love and belonging needs
Safety and security needs
Physiological needs
MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS
Physiological /basic needs are the physical needs inherent in all human beings; among them are the needs for oxygen, food, fluids, sleep and procreation.
The effect of the denial of these basic needs are so obvious and measurable; these needs must be met minimally for life to continue otherwise death ensues.
MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS
Safety NeedsSafety is both physiological and
psychological. It entails shelter, safe
environment/community.The financial security from job gives
both physical and psychological relieve. Freedom from separation, quarrelling, disorder, and a sense of loss; regular contact with people we trust and feel close to assures safety.
MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS
Love and Belonging NeedsOur feeling of security is reinforced when we
know where we stand in relation to others and who we are to them; this reflection of ourselves in the eyes of others as well as our ability to interpret other people’s selves to them is the essence of belongingness. Humans are social beings and need mutually meaningful relationships with other people.
For an infant, it may be love towards a mother-figure; for and adult, it may be devotion towards another or a group.
MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS
Self-esteem Needs Some level of self-esteem is achieved from the
feeling that we are valued by those around us; when people who matter to us express acceptance and approval toward us.
It also comes from within; our approval of ourselves based on our adequacy, performance and capacity in the various arenas of our lives.
Some people gain and maintain self-esteem by performing their jobs competently and contributing to the wellbeing of their families, professions and communities
MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS
Self Actualization NeedsSelf actualization refers to a sense
of fulfilment; to do in life with joy what one wants to do and is suited for.
MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs in Setting Priorities.
The hierarchy can be used to used to prioritize nursing care of patients. E.g. when a person can breath more easily, he can then think about his job.