Primitive Fire Starting Boy Scouts of America. FIRE SAFETY VERY IMPORTANT! DO NOT COMPROMISE! JUST...
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Transcript of Primitive Fire Starting Boy Scouts of America. FIRE SAFETY VERY IMPORTANT! DO NOT COMPROMISE! JUST...
Primitive Fire Starting
Boy Scouts of America
FIRE SAFETY
VERY IMPORTANT!
DO NOT COMPROMISE!
JUST AS IMPORTANT as STARTING YOUR FIRE
YOUR FIRE = YOUR RESPONSIBILITY
TWIG BUNDLE
• VERY IMPORTANT!!!
• 2 HAND FINGER CIRCLE of Twigs
• Tie with cordage (string)
These Skills:
• Require lots of practice
• Have a Failure rate
• Are difficult at times
• Sometimes take more time than you want
Bow Drill
• He who knows bow drill carries matches…MK
• You can do this! But not without practice
Bow Drill: Parts
• Socket• Fire Board• Spindle• Bow • String (aka cordage)
• Ember catcher
Bow Drill: Parts
• Socket hand hold• Spindle dowel-like pointed on top• Fire Board Medium hardness: thumb nail test
• Bow forked, notched or split• String natural, manmade or
improvised
• Ember catcher leaf, wood sliver etc.
Socket
• Keeps downward pressure on spindle
• Gives more heat to spindle & fireboard
• Rock, Antler, Wood, Hatchet, Magnesium• Bark: Hemlock, Pine, Locust, Cottonwood etc.
Fire board
• Thumb nail test:
– No dent = wood is too hard– Pulverizes = wood is too soft
– Leaves mark = Just Right!
Fire board
• Thick as spindle: good guide
Spindle
• Top: pointed to reduce friction
• Bottom: sides rounded to reduce the sides of fireboardless wear & tear on string
Spindle
• Carve branch (large can be thinned)
• Natural usually wobbly• Wobble test roll on ground (flat surface)• Little longer than: thumb to pinky
• Thumb thick
Bow
• Thumb thick
• Armpit to fingertip long
• Forked topnotched or holes
• Peel: if you have time less wt. & moisture
String
Cordage: String
Ember catcher
• Catches ember underneath Fireboard
• Keeps ember from absorbing moisture---(bad)
• Leaf• Wood shaving• bark
Bow Drill: Technique• Twig bundle & other materials (fuel) gathered
• Ember catcher on floor• Fireboard next• Spindle twisted-in• Bow• Socket on top
• Burn in hole• Notch is made• Ember is made
Technique
Ember is placed in Kindling bundle
Blow in to flame
Twig Bundle is lit
Fire is made!
Technique
• Knife starts hole to burn-in• Notch is 1/6 to 1/8 pie slice
• Drill: warm-up set don’t go crazy• Powder fills up hole• ~10 good strokes gets ember to glow
• May wave/fan ember
Kindling Bundle
• Kindling should not be confused with Tinder
• Tinder: superior form of Kindling that glows from an incendiary spark
• FINE KINDLINGS: will ignite readily from a glowing piece of Tinder as from a flame
Coal extender
• Milkweed fluff rub in hands• Cattail fluff• Rectangulated wood rot
• Flammable outer layer needed• Grass• Inner bark• Leaves• Birch bark (later will intensify flame)
Ember to Flame
2 parts:
Ember
Flame_______________________________________Fire is last step fire is usable
Hand Drill
• Harder than Bow Drill smaller ember
• More skill needed in making Kindling bundle
• Fewer pieces to make but may not be DRY!
• BLISTERS! Cordage: Break Hands: Blister
Hand Drill
• 3/8” diameter works for me
• 18-24” long
FLINT & STEEL
FLINT & STEEL
• 100 % Cotton t-shirt• Hole in can place on fire• Smoke comes out smoke stops = done
• CAUTION: Let can COOL before you touch
Other Methods
• Flint & Steel• Magnesium Ferrocerium • Battery & Steel wool• Soda can (Bottom)• 2L plastic bottle• Magnifying mirror• Magnifying glassFresnel lens • Fire piston
Other Methods
• Don’t count out:
• Lighters: very effective, 1 handed, keep dry
• Matches: get good w/ matches & Twig bundle
Bow Drill Woods
• Ash Pawpaw• Aspen Spruce• Basswood Sycamore• Cottonwood Tamarack• Elm White Pine• Hickory Willow• maple
Bow Drill Woods
• Hemlock get trunk wood
• Cedar not local• Yucca not local
• Fungal fireboards: i.e. Tinder fungus
Hand Drills
• Goldenrod best near water• Mare’s tail• Teasel• Mullein• Cattail• Rose hard on hands, not 1st choice
• Seep willow• Yucca
Wrap-Up
• Fire Safety is #1
• Practice, Practice, Practice
• Put it Out Properly!
Questions?