PRIMARY MINERAL SEQUENCE McClelland’s Weathering Sequence Bowen’s Reaction Series olivine...

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PRIMARY MINERAL SEQUENCE McClelland’s Weathering Sequence Bowen’s Reaction Series olivine pyroxene amphibole biotite calcium - rich plagioclase sodium - rich orthoclase ( k- rich ) muscovite quartz 800 ° C 1400 °C mafic (basic) intermediate felsic (acidic) Di s c ontinuous Branch C ont inuous B ranch ( orthoclase ) Less resistant More resistant

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Transcript of PRIMARY MINERAL SEQUENCE McClelland’s Weathering Sequence Bowen’s Reaction Series olivine...

Page 1: PRIMARY MINERAL SEQUENCE McClelland’s Weathering Sequence Bowen’s Reaction Series olivine pyroxene amphibole biotite calcium - rich plagioclase sodium.

PRIMARY MINERAL SEQUENCE

McClelland’s Weathering Sequence

Bowen’s Reaction Series

olivine

pyroxene

amphibole

biotite

calcium - rich

plagioclase

sodium - rich

orthoclase ( k-rich )

muscovite

quartz 800 ° C

1400 °Cmafic (basic)

intermediate

felsic (acidic)

Discontinuous B

ranch

Con

tinuo

us B

ranc

h

( orthoclase )

Less resistant

More resistant

Page 2: PRIMARY MINERAL SEQUENCE McClelland’s Weathering Sequence Bowen’s Reaction Series olivine pyroxene amphibole biotite calcium - rich plagioclase sodium.

PRIMARY MINERAL SEQUENCE

McClelland’s Weathering Sequence

Bowen’s Reaction Series

olivine

pyroxene

amphibole

biotite

calcium - rich

plagioclase

sodium - rich

orthoclase ( k-rich )

muscovite

quartz 800 ° C

1400 °Cmafic (basic)

intermediate

felsic (acidic)

Discontinuous B

ranch

Con

tinuo

us B

ranc

h

( orthoclase )andesite

dacite

rhyolite

Less resistant

Moreresistant

Page 3: PRIMARY MINERAL SEQUENCE McClelland’s Weathering Sequence Bowen’s Reaction Series olivine pyroxene amphibole biotite calcium - rich plagioclase sodium.

Acidic Intermediate Mafic

Coarse : granite monzonite gabbro

Medium : (--) porphyry (--) porphyry diabase

Fine : rhyolite latite andesite (Na), basalt (Ca)

Page 4: PRIMARY MINERAL SEQUENCE McClelland’s Weathering Sequence Bowen’s Reaction Series olivine pyroxene amphibole biotite calcium - rich plagioclase sodium.

Potasium (K) Feldspar

APHANITIC

IGNEOUS ROCKS CHART

KEY MINERAL COMPOSITIONAcidic Intermediate Basic Ultrabasic

( - - - ) ( ultramafic)Potasium (K) Feldspar & Plagioclase (Na, Ca) Feldspar

Pyroxene

CRYSTALLINETEXTURE

> 2/3 of Total Plagioclase (Na, Ca) Feldspar > 2/3 of Total andFeldspar Content in about equal proportions Feldspar Content Olivine

Sodic (Na) Calcic (Ca) Plagioclase Plagioclase

PEGMATITIC Quartz No Quartz Quartz No Quartz Quartz No Quartz( very coarse, uneven-sized crystal grains )

granite pegmatite

syenite pegmatite

monzonite-pegmatite

diorite pegmatite

gabbro pegmatite

peridotite (mostly olivine)

PHANERITIC

( crystals visible and of nearly equal size )

granite syenitequartz

monzonitemonzonite

quartz-diorite

granodioritediorite gabbro

pyroxenite (mostly

pyroxene)

PORPHYRITIC

( relatively few visible

granite porphyry

syenite porphyry

quartz- monzonite porphyry

monzonite porphyry

quartz-diorite

porphyry

diorite porphyry diabase

crystals within a fine-grained matrix ) rhyolite

porphyrytrachyte porphyry

quartz-latite porphyry

latite porphyry

dacite porphyry

andesite porphyry

porphyry basalt

( crystals visible only

with magnifation )

micro.1 crypto.2

rhyolite trachytequartz latite

latite dacite andesite basalt } lava 3

obsidian (and its varieties: perlite, 1 Microcrystalline - crystals visible with ordinaryGLASSY

pitchstone, pumice, scoria) magnification (hand lens, simple microscope).( amorphous: no 2 Cryptocrystalline - crystals only visible with SEM

crystalline structure ) pyroclastics are shown on the Sedimentary 3 Lava - generic name for extrusive flows of and Volcaniclastic Rocks chart. non-clastic, aphanitic rocks (rhyolite, andesite, basalt)

( mafic)( Felsic)

p. 5-4, Field Book …, 2002

Page 5: PRIMARY MINERAL SEQUENCE McClelland’s Weathering Sequence Bowen’s Reaction Series olivine pyroxene amphibole biotite calcium - rich plagioclase sodium.

vesicular basalt (in lava flow) Kilbourne Hole, NM

Schoeneberger

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rhyolite from Organ Mtns, NM

Schoeneberger

Page 7: PRIMARY MINERAL SEQUENCE McClelland’s Weathering Sequence Bowen’s Reaction Series olivine pyroxene amphibole biotite calcium - rich plagioclase sodium.
Page 8: PRIMARY MINERAL SEQUENCE McClelland’s Weathering Sequence Bowen’s Reaction Series olivine pyroxene amphibole biotite calcium - rich plagioclase sodium.
Page 9: PRIMARY MINERAL SEQUENCE McClelland’s Weathering Sequence Bowen’s Reaction Series olivine pyroxene amphibole biotite calcium - rich plagioclase sodium.

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