Primary health care (phc) became a
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Transcript of Primary health care (phc) became a
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CONCEPT OF ,PRIMARY
HEALTH CARE
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HEALTH“a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being
and not merely absence of the disease or infirmity”
WHO, 1947
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HEALTH FOR ALLAttainment by all people of the world of a level of health that can permit
them to lead a socially and economically productive life. “30th World health assembly, Alma Ata, 1977
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Primary health care (PHC) became a core policy for the World Health Organization with the Alma-Ata Declaration in 1978 and the ‘Health-for-All by the
Year 2000’ Program
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DISEASE AFFECTS
INCOME JOBPHYSICAL ACTIVITY
ANXIETY
LIFE STYLESOCIAL
CONTACTS
SADNESS
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PRIMARY HEALTH “Essential health care based on practical, scientifically sound
and socially acceptable methods and technology made
universally accessible to individuals and families in the community through their full
participation and at a cost that the community and the country can afford to maintain at every stage of their development in
the spirit of self-determination. ”
“WHO, 1978
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What is primary health carePrimary health care is essential health care made universally accessible to individuals and
acceptable to them, through full participation and at a cost the community and country can afford
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Primary HealthCare is different in each community depending upon Needs of the residents
Availability of health care providersThe communities geographic location
Proximity to other health care services in the area.
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Goal: The global goal as stated in the Alma Ata Declaration is Health for All by the year 2000 through self-reliance.
Health begins at home, in schools and in the workplace because it is there where people live and work that health is made or broken.
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It also means that people will use better approaches than they do now for preventing diseases and alleviating unavoidable disease and disability and have better ways of growing up, growing old and dying gracefully.
.
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It also means that here will be even distribution among the population of
whatever resources for health are available.
It means that essential health services will be accessible to all
individuals and families in an acceptable and affordable way
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Levels of Care
Primary health careSecondary health care
Tertiary health care
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Characteristics of Primary Health Care
1.Stresses prevention rather than cure.
2.Relies on home self-help, community participation and technology that the people find acceptable, appropriate and affordable.
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3.Combines modern, scientific knowledge and feasible health technology with acceptable, effective traditional healing practices.
4.Should be shaped around the life patterns of the population.
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5.Should both meet the needs of the local community and be an integral part of the national health care system. 6.Should be formulated and implemented with involvement of the local population
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The Basic Requirements for Sound PHC (the 8 A’s and the 3 C’s)
1. Appropriateness2. Availability3. Adequacy4. Accessibility5. Acceptability
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6. Affordability7. Assessibility8. Accountability1. Completeness
2. Comprehensiveness3. Continuity
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The Four Pillars of Primary Health Care (Principles)
Community Participation: Appropriate Technology
Inter-Sectoral Coordination:
Equitable Distribution
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•Strategies
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8 Essential Health Services in Primary Health Care (ELEMENTS)
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E – Education for Health
L – Locally endemic disease controlE – Expanded program for immunization
M – Maternal and Child Health including responsible parenthood
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E – Essential drugs
N – NutritionPromotion of proper nutrition
T – Treatment of communicable and non-communicable diseasesS – Safe water and sanitation
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Extended elements of PHCExpanded options of immunization
Reproductive health needsProvision of essential technologies for health
Prevention and control of non communicable diseases
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Reasons for slow progress:Insufficient political commitment
Failure to achieve equity in access to all PHC components
Slow socio- economic developmentDifficulty in achieving inter sectoral action for
HealthUnbalanced distribution of resources
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THANK YOU