Satius est sero quam numquam

discere

3rd DECLENSION – LATIN AND GREEK NOUNS

(Consonant stems)

Different endings in nom. sg. (sanguis, excisio, abductor, rete, latus, femur …)

The ending –is in gen. sg. (sanguinis, excisionis, abductoris)

The genitive stem is often different from the nominative stem (animal – animalis X hepar – hepatis)

The importance of genitive stem for accusative and ablativ of sg. and pl. (cartilago – cartilaginis – cartilaginem – cartilagine …)

All genders (cortex m., radix f., femur n.)

Typical features of the nouns of 3rd declension

-or -oris, m. (flexor - flexoris)

-io/-itas -ionis/-itatis, f. (injectio - injectionis, cavitas - cavitatis)

-itis -itidis, f. (encephalitis – encephalitidis)

-er -eris, m. (ureter – ureteris)

-ma/-oma -matis/-omatis, n. (trauma – traumatis, carcinoma – carcinomatis)

1) Consonant stems:Masculines + feminines: dolorNeutrals: corpus

2) I-stems:Maskulines + feminines: pelvisNeutrals: reteFeminines: dosis

Examples - nouns of 3rd declension

sg. pl.1. dolor 1. dolōr-ēs2. dolōr-is 2. dolōr-um4. dolōr-em 4. dolōr-ēs6. dolōr-e 6. dolōr-ibus

dolor, is, m. masculines + feminines (consonant stems)

sg. pl.1. corpus 1. corpor-a2. corpor-is 2. corpor-um4. corpus 4. corpor-a6. corpor-e 6. corpor-ibus

corpus, oris, n. neutrals (consonant stems)

os, ossis, n.

declined like corpusBUT gen. pl. - ossium

sg. pl.1. os 1. ossa2. ossis 2. ossium4. os 4. ossa6. osse 6. ossibus

vās, vāsis, n.

Sg. – declined like corpus (= 3rd declension)Pl. – declined like septum (= 2nd declension)

sg. pl.1. vās 1. vāsa2. vāsis 2. vāsōrum4. vās 4. vāsa6. vāse 6. vāsīs

palatumlacluxatiooedemacornasuspollexretinaabdomenmasseterrenolecranoncaput

Task 1: What is the declension and example of the following nouns? Decline the

nouns in both sg. and pl.:

Benign tumorRed nucleusBlack elderBroken femurNourishing vesselCarpal boneDiabetes mellitusComplicated operationDangerous carcinomaThyroid cartilage

Task 2: Translate and decline in both sg. and pl.: