Nicea I (325) Constantinople I (381)Ephesus (431) Calcedon (451) Constantinople II (553)Constantinople III (680) Nicea II (787)

Causes:Inserting Filioque in the Nicene CreedPolitical: like the Pope authority and authority over some regionsLiturgical practices The supremacy over the Churches

Mihail I Cerularie (1043-1058) The ones responsible for the Great Schism

Archiepiscop (Archbishop)Mitropolit (Metropolitan)PatriarchProtopopeIeromonarhi (priest)Monks and Nuns

They are used as symbolic image of God, Jesus, Virgin Mary or Saints. The orthodoxies say that the icons are used in church services (liturgy) not as an idolatry worship, but as a respect and appreciation for those represented in the icons.