PREWORK• LIST the 5 conditions necessary for the Hardy-Weinberg equation• DEFINE: genetic drift, fixation, bottleneck, founder effect, gene flow• REVIEW: evolution, the three types of natural selection

Dd

Dd

Dd

the set of all the genetic information in a specific population of a species

GENE POOL

p: the frequency of the dominant allele

q: the frequency of the recessive allele

p + q = 1p: the frequency of the dominant alleleq: the frequency of the recessive allele

What is the probability that a dominant allele would be drawn from the gene pool?

What is the probability that two dominant alleles would be pulled from the gene pool?

What is the probability that two recessive alleles would be pulled from the gene pool?

What is the probability that one dominant and one recessive allele would be pulled from the gene pool?

p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1Mathematically show how to derive the Hardy-Weinberg equation from p + q = 1

p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1p2 : the frequency of homozygous dominantq2 : the frequency of homozygous recessive2pq: the frequency of heterozygous

16% of the population cannot taste the bitter chemical PTC. The ability to taste PTC is dominant.

1. What percent of individuals are tasters?2. What is the frequency of the dominant and recessive allele?3. What percent of individuals are heterozygous?

64% of the population has the dominant trait of a widow’s peak compared to the recessive straight hairline.

1. What is the frequency of the dominant and recessive allele?2. What percent of individuals are homozygous dominant?3. What percent of individuals are heterozygous?4. What percent of individuals are homozygous recessive?

The delta-32 mutation (caused by a recessive gene) gives humans protection to the HIV virus. Homozygous recessive individuals are immune to the virus, while heterozygous individuals are less susceptible to it. The recessive allele frequency in a small town in Europe is 20%.

If the town had a population of 3,800 people, 1. about how many people are immune to HIV in town?2. about how many people are less susceptible to HIV? 3. about what percent of the town has some sort of protection against HIV?