Preview 12-1Answer the following question in your notebook…

Which early political party favored the creation of a National Bank? The Federalist Party (Alexander Hamilton)

Small Group Talk30 Second Think :Think of a time when it was

difficult to stay neutral (not choose sides).

Talk: Turn and face your partner.

Partner A= 30 Seconds

Partner B= 30 Seconds

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WRITE- 2-3 sentences defending your claim

James MadisonBecomes the 4th PresidentFrance and England are fighting a 12 year war.America says it will stay out of it so long as neither country messes with them.Madison remained neutral

W. A. J. Ma. Mo.

4th James Madison• President during the War of 1812• Effects of War of 1812

31

Hard to Stay NeutralThe French seized 500 American ships.

The British seized 900 American ships.

The British impressed American sailors to fight for the British.

The British armed Native Americans in the west with high powered weapons to fight the Americans.

The War Hawks

Southern and Western Congressmen wanted war

Henry Clay (Kentucky) and John C. Calhoun (South Carolina) stirred up Americans to declare war on Britain.

Why go to war with Britain?

They were seizing American ships.They were arming Native Americans to attack Americans.War Hawks stirred a sense of nationalism (pride in one’s nation).Americans were still angry from colonial days.

The War of 1812England was already fighting France in the Napoleonic Wars

American army was in bad shape

There was fighting at sea and in the West

By 1814, England defeated France and now attacked America with full force

The British Burn Down Washington, D.C.

First Lady, Dolly Madison sat in horror hearing the cannon blasts

The President was away with the troops

She refused to leave until the Presidents papers and a life size portrait of George Washington was saved

After leaving, the British set fire to the White House

Francis Scott Key

Lawyer and hostage, watched the Battle at Fort McHenry from a British ship at nightHe hoped in the morning the Americans had won.In the morning, the American flag was still waving, signaling they had won the battle.So inspired, Key wrote a poem that later became the Star Spangled Banner (the national anthem)

The Star Spangled Banner

O! say can you see by the dawn's early lightWhat so proudly we hailed at the twilight's last gleaming?

Whose broad stripes and bright stars through the perilous fight,

O'er the ramparts we watched were so gallantly streaming?

And the rockets' red glare, the bombs bursting in air,

Gave proof through the night that our flag was still there.

O! say does that star-spangled banner yet wave

O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave?

W. A. J. Ma. Mo.

4th James Madison• President during the War of 1812• Effects of War of 18121. White House burned by British2. Star Spangled Banner written at Ft.

McHenry

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The Battle of New Orleans

The British prepared to attack New Orleans and sail up the Mississippi RiverGeneral Andrew Jackson and his frontier fighters were waiting Jackson’s frontier fighters included country boys, Choctaw Indians and African Americans

Jackson Wins New Orleans

Although outnumbered, American sharp shooters and cannons killed 2,000 British

Only 7 Americans were killed

Jackson became a celebrity and national hero

The British retreated

Who Won the War of 1812?

The Treaty of Ghent restored prewar conditions

“nothing was settled”

Results Rise of nationalism

People were proud of their country Rise of heroes like Andrew Jackson

W. A. J. Ma. Mo.

4th James Madison• President during the War of 1812• Effects of War of 18121. White House burned by British2. Star Spangled Banner written at Ft.

McHenry3. Battle of New Orleans---Andrew

Jackson becomes national hero.4. Treaty of Ghent ended War

---Rise of U.S. Nationalism 31

Small Group Talk30 Second Think :Which event/effect of the War

of 1812 was the most important?

Talk: Turn and face your partner.

Partner A= 30 Seconds

Partner B= 30 Seconds

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WRITE- 2-3 sentences defending your claim

The Industrial Revolution

Starts in England with new machines

Spreads to America

New inventions Spinning jenny Cotton gin Interchangeable parts

The Factory System People began working in factories Moved to the city (urbanization)

Bad Side of Industrial Revolution

Child LaborWoman and children exploited, paid half of what a man earnedLong hours (12 hours, 6 days a week)Cities became filthy (no sewers, garbage thrown on street)Crime rose in cities

The Lowell Girls

Teenage farm girls moved to Lowell, Massachusetts to work in the factory millsBoardinghouses were built around the factoryGirls gained economic freedom but work dangerously hardBecause of the conditions, many did not work for more than two years

Gibbons v Ogden

Steamboats trade in New York City

Federal Government has the power to regulate interstate commerce.

Elastic clause- Congress can create a law that is “Necessary and Proper” to help the people of the US

James Monroe

Elected as 5th PresidentAmericans are patriotic because of the War of 1812, hopeful because of all the new inventions, excited about the futureThis time was called the “Era of Good Feelings”

Latin American Revolutions

Spain had colonized South and Central AmericaThe people there (creoles and Indians) were eager to overthrow SpainAfter years of bloody revolutions, the young countries of Mexico, Venezuela, Columbia, Ecuador, Panama, Argentina and Brazil emerged.Spain only kept control of Puerto Rico and Cuba.

New Latin American Republics

They create Constitutions modeled after the American Constitution.

Americans are thrilled for the Latin American people.

Unfortunately, due to powerful leaders taking advantage of the turmoil, many of the countries did not reach democratic rule

Europe is Angered by the Revolutions

France, Spain and Russia formed and alliance to try to take back the Latin American colonies

President Monroe debated what to do

Do we stay neutral or do we get involved

The Monroe Doctrine

Basically said… “Back off Europe!! You mess with Latin America, you mess with the United States!!”

In other words… “Keep out of North and South America or else!!”

The Effects of the Monroe Doctrine

Britain supported the policy.

Other European nations thought it arrogant.

Several times America was called to intervene.

The doctrine lasted for over 100 years and was considered successful.