PREVIEW OF HAZMAT TECHNICIAN DECONTAMINATION TRAINING PRESENTATION
PREVIEW OF HAZMAT TECHNICIAN HEALTH & SAFETY TRAINING MODULE
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Transcript of PREVIEW OF HAZMAT TECHNICIAN HEALTH & SAFETY TRAINING MODULE
PREVIEW OF
HAZMAT TECHNICIAN
HEALTH & SAFETY
POWERPOINT TRAINING PRESENTATION
GOALS
To understand the Health & Safety Requirements for the emergency responder in Hazardous Materials Emergencies
ASPHYXIANTS
Signs & SymptomsProgressive Problems
RestlessnessAgitationDrowsinessConfusionStuporComaDeath
COROSIVES
DecontaminationSkin & eyes should be
decontaminated withlarge amounts of water for at least 15-20 minutes
SENSITIZERS
Causes allergic reactions after repeated exposure
Reactions can be immediate or may not appear for several hours
With repeated reactions each will become worse
NEUROTOXINS
ExamplesHydrocarbon insecticides (Aldrin & Dieldrin)Halogen fumigants (Methyl bromide)Organophosphates (Diazinon & Dursban)Solvents (Phenol, Ethylene Oxide)
MUTAGENS
Toxic agents that cause genetic changes in DNA
Occur in genetic material such as sperm & eggs
TERATOGENS
Cause malformation in the unborn child
INFECTIOUS AGENTS
ExamplesVaccine Preventable Non Vaccine Preventable
Hepatitis A Hepatitis C*Hepatitis B Most FungiMeasles Tuberculosis**Chickenpox Parasites
Lyme Disease
*Vaccine is under testing and may soon be available** Vaccine is used in other countries and with high risk researchers
but it is not know if it it is efficient
PHYSICIAL & CHEMICAL PROPERITES
Normally solid material cause less harm than liquids or gases
Solids are normally controllable
Gases can rapidly diffuse in the bloodstream
SUUIFICIENT AMOUNT TO CAUSE HARM
A particle of Cesium the size of a pin head can be deadly to many humans
Water taken in large quantities can disrupt the body chemistry enough to cause death
EXPOSURE
Occurs when a toxic substance or infectious agent is taken into the body or comes in direct contact with the body
If you enter an enclosed space and are exposed to a toxic gas, when you leave the exposure ends
CHARACTERISTICS OF SUSPECTIABLE PERSON
Some people are more susceptible than others
Some one who has had repeated exposures may have developed a systemic allergy to the toxin
Latex is a common item but certain people can develop an allergy due to repeated exposures
CHRONIC EXPOSURE
Occurs over a long period of time
Breathing low concentrations of CO over multiple exposures for days to months could be considered chronic exposure
POISIONIOUS GASESCLASS 2, DIVISION 2.3
Can be toxic in small amountsPrimary route of exposure is inhalationExamples are
Cyanogen gasPhosgene gasOrganic phosphates in compressed gases
COMBUSTIBLE & FLAMMABLE LIQUIDSCLASS 3
Halogenated hydrocarbons can affect the liver & kidneys
Benzene is a known carcinogenSkin absorption can enhanced absorption of other
hydrocarbons
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
Factors affecting toxic response to lungs
Rate & depth of respirationDuration of exposureType & concentration of exposureRoute of entrySite of deposition
GASTROINTESTIONAL SYSTEMMost toxins are absorbed in
the stomach & small intestine & flow into the liver via the blood supply
The liver metabolizes the toxins & changes them into a form that can be excreted
KIDNEYS
Toxins that affect the kidneys are called nephrotoxins
They can cause kidney damage causing the kidney not to properly filter the blood
Examples of toxinsMercuryCadmiumArsenicLead
IRRITATION
Produces a local inflammatory responseCan result with dermatitis from repeated exposureCaused by exposure to
SolventsTrioxidesDichromates
CORROSION
Disintegration of skin caused by corrosivesCan lead to
UlcerationTissue Death
Scar formationExamples
Acids BasesChromium
PHOTOSENSITIZATIONExposure to a chemical then to sunlight
Results in SunburnSkin thickeningPigment changes
ExamplesSoapsDetergentsMedicines
NERVOUS SYSTEM
Toxic effect are partially controlled by predisposing toxins such as alcohol consumption, diabetes, & other
health conditions
Primary concern is nerve cell injury, which have little capacity to regenerate
EYES
Acid burns can cause scaring of the lids & conjunctiva, & damage to tearing ability
Alkali burns may appear to be mild but later can result in ulceration, perforation, clouding, or deep eye damage
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