Prevention of Illicit Discharge Within Manhattan, Kansas

Ellen Calhoun, Ryan Flickner,

A. Meredith Smythe, Kelsi Steele

Outline

Project Overview Project Objectives National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Illicit Discharge Common Illicit Discharges Clean-Up Procedure Environmental Impact Employee Training Emergency Procedure Haz-Mat Conclusions and Recommendations

Project Overview

Our Service Learning project was to assist the City of Manhattan in establishing an illicit discharge prevention plan that fulfills a minimum control measure established through NPDES.

Project Objectives

Define regulations presented in NPDES

Develop a plan for the prevention of illicit discharges into the stormwater sewer

Formulate a list of potential contaminants, the actions required, and the environmental impact of the contaminants.

Formulate a spill prevention and spill clean-up procedures.

National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES)

Established by Federal Water Pollution Control Act (FWPCA) Amendments of 1972

Requires that facilities that release pollutants into waters of the US to obtain a permit

Has 4 goals…

National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES)

Goal 1 Eliminate the

discharge of pollutants into navigable waters of the United States

National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Goal 2

Protect fish, shellfish and wildlife

National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES)

Goal 3 Provide safe water for

recreational purposes

National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Goal 4

Prohibit the release of toxic discharges

National Discharge Pollutant Elimination System (NPDES) Permit (EPA definition)

“a license for a facility to discharge a specified amount of a pollutant into a Office of Wastewater Management - Water Permitting receiving water under certain conditions; however, permits may also authorize facilities to process, incinerate, landfill, or beneficially use sewage sludge.”

National Discharge Pollutant Elimination System (NPDES) Types of Permits

Individual Customized to the specific facility

General Envelop multiple facilities within a specific

category

Currently Manhattan, Kansas has neither type of permit on record with the EPA website

Illicit Discharge Any discharge into a storm water drain or

treatment plant that is not composed entirely of storm water

Exempt items: wetlands, diverted stream flows, springs

Exempt under certain conditions: foundation drains, landscape irrigation, individual residential care washing, sidewalk washing, as well as flows from emergency fire fighting activities

Common Illicit Discharges

Our focus: oil, grease, gasoline, paints, yard wastes, garbage, household chemicals, and pesticides

Cause for concern: chlorinated pool water, cigarette butts, sanitary sewer flows, commercial car wash wastewater, construction debris, and food wastes

Clean-Up Procedure

Yard Waste – Compost Pile

Garbage Paper Litter – Recycle Plastic Bottles – Recycle

Source: http://www.bidisposal.com/images/YARDWASTE.jpg

Clean-Up Procedure

Motor Oil, Gasoline, Grease, Paint Shut off all possible

ignition sources Transfer excess

pollutant into spill proof container.

Remove remaining residue use an absorbent such as earth, sand, or vermiculite.

Source: http://www.homedepot.com/cmc_upload/HDUS/EN_US/asset/images/eplus/130232_3.jpg

Source: http://www.phasmidsincyberspace.com/Pictures/Vermiculite.JPG

Clean-Up Procedure

Acid/Base Neutralize an acid with soda ash, sodium

bicarbonate, or lime Neutralize a base with citric acid or dilute

hydrochloric acid Liquid Detergent

Transfer into another container Remove residue with absorbents Flush with water

Safety Equipment

Safety Goggles

Rubber or Nitrile Gloves

Respirator

Protective Clothing

Source: http://www.dick-blick.com/items/329/07/32907-OA2ww.jpg

Source: http://www.ritop.com/information/images/ya127c.jpg

Source:http://www.ritop.com/information/images/glass1bk.jpg

Environmental Impact

If any discharge enters the stormwater sewer contact the National Emergency Response Center

Absorbent pillow can be used to contain the pollutant until remediation can occur

It is important to act quickly to prevent substantial damage to the ecosystem.

Employee Training

Employee training is crucial in pollution prevention

The EPA recommends at a minimum the following in a program

Maintenance training Maintenance schedules Long-term inspection training Procedure for properly disposing of waste when

removed from storm sewers Ability to transfer knowledge through public education Finance planning for enough funding

Employee Training

Options for training procedures:

Visual: posters, bulletin boards

Verbal: employee meetings, courses

Field training: hands-on demonstrations

Employee Training

Record process of training programs Senior management involvement is vital

Employee Training

Advantages Cost effective Easily implement able Able to be Duplicate/ can be standardized

Disadvantages Senior management apathy Employee lack of motivation Lack of Incentives to become involved

Prioritization

List all illicit disposal incidents that have been reported but not yet investigated and place in one of the following categories:

1. Hazardous, affecting public health and safety2. Hazardous, affecting the environment (receiving

waters, air, etc…)3. Hazardous, affecting property4. Hazardous, other5. Non-hazardous, affecting public health and safety6. Non-hazardous, affecting the environment (receiving

waters, air, etc…)7. Non-hazardous, affecting property8. Remaining incidents

Emergency Procedure

Contact the Fire Department immediately with information Type/cause of incident Types of chemicals

involved Resources available on

site Possible injured

personnel

Source: http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/spills/incidents/willapa/willapaphotos/willabase.jpg

Haz-Mat

Hazardous Materials Division Within the Kansas State Fire Marshal’s Office Supports local first responders by isolating

hazardous materials Accidents and/or Acts of Terrorism

Haz-Mat

Kansas Haz-Mat Response Team Within the state boundaries, regardless of

local government jurisdiction

Haz-Mat

Regional Response Teams Coffeyville Colby Emporia Ford County Hays Manhattan Newton

Overland Park Salina Sedgwick County Seward County Topeka Wellington

Haz-Mat

Kansas State Fire Marshal’s Office Teams can respond to most areas in Kansas

within an hour or less Can haz-mat incidents and accidents as well

as terrorist events Chemical Biological Radiological Nuclear (CBRN)

Haz-Mat

To Request a Response Team Call the toll-free hotline

(1-866-KHAZMAT) Call the group pager

(785-357-3261) website

(www.myairmail.com)

Both hotline and website forward to the group pager

Conclusions

Manhattan has accomplished two out of the six minimum control measures. Public education and outreach Public participation and involvement

Recommendations to accomplish next minimum control measure Two or more city workers become trained in hazardous

materials protocol Obtain a MSDS database Keep on hand absorbents such as: sand, earth and

vermiculite.

Acknowledgements

Dr. Alok Bhandari, Team Advisor Steve Hampton, Assistant City Engineer

Questions?