Preventing Hand Injuries

7/29/2019 Preventing Hand Injuries

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PREVENTING HANINJURIES


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How important are your ha

The hand is one of the most complex parts of your bomovement of the tendons, bones, tissues and nervesgrip and do a wide variety of complex jobs

Without your hands it would be extremely difficult to dsimple tasks, such as opening doors, using a fork, or shoes

Your hands make you a skilled, valuable worker

The improper use or misuse of hand tools cause minhand injuries

Hand injuries are likely when the wrong tool is used ois used improperly


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How Important Are Hand

Practical Exercise

1. Tuck your thumbs into the palm

hands

2. Now tie your shoes

Its not so easy is it?


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Hand injuries can be associated wworking with machinery or equipm

The materials being used or the j

process might be hazardous Hand tools or powered hand tools

faulty or improperly used

Hand Injuries


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The most common causes of hanare:

Carelessness

Lack of awareness Boredom

Disregard for safety procedures

Distractions

Hand Injuries


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Hand Injuries

Hand injuries are difficult to repaiof the complexity of the hand

After a hand injury, the hand may

function as it did before the injuryloss of: Motion

Dexterity

Grip

Ability to complete the simplest of ta


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Hand Injuries

To avoid hand injuries: Know the hazards and dangers in the job Be aware of pinch points Be aware of hot areas

Be aware of rotating or moving surfaces Automated machinery may be controlled control, or delayed timing devices that camachine to start automatically

Loose clothing and jewelry may be caughmoving machinery

Never remove machine safeguards or opmachinery with safeguards removed


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Injury Statistics(Bureau of Labor Statistics 2006)

Nearly 205,000 injuries and illnesthe wrists/hands/fingers involvingaway from work in 2006 27% of

for that year. Incidence rate/10,000 full-time wo

All private industry = 29.6

Manufacturing = 65.6

Construction = 71.4


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Injury Statistics

(Bureau of Labor Statistics 2006)

205,000

Wrist/Hand/Finger

Injuries

1,1

Inwith Days A


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Hand Protection

Addressed in OSHA Regulation

29 CFR 1910.138 Hand protectio


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29 CFR 1910.138

States that employers shall select andemployees to use appropriate hand prwhen employees' hands are exposed such as:

Skin absorption of harmful substances Severe cuts or lacerations

Severe abrasions

Punctures

Chemical burns

Thermal burns Harmful temperature extremes


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Other OSHA Regulations Re

Hand Safety

Hand and Portable Powered Tools anEquipment (29 CFR 1910.242)

Control of Hazardous Energy Locko(29 CFR 1910.147)

Machinery and Machine Guarding

(29 CFR 1910 Subpart O)


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Hand Hazards

Punctures

Extreme

temperaturesCuts

Pinch points

Chemicals

Rotating

equipment

Blood-bornepathogen

Bee stings


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Lines of Defense

Awareness of Hazards and PreveMeasures

Personal Protective Equipment (P

Good Hygiene and First Aid


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Screwdrivers

When using screwdrivers, place the oon a flat surface or in a Dont hoyour hand!

Dont use screwdrivers as chisels or p Use the correct size driver for the scre

Dont use screwdrivers with chipped ti


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Knives

Use safety kniveswhenever possible

Keep knife blades sharp

Cut away from your body Do not use knife blades

as screwdrivers

Avoid working on thesame object when a co-worker is using a knife

Safety


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Hammers

Never use a hammer with a splinteredcracked, or loose handle

Dont use hammers with rounded strik

faces Use the correct hammer for the job

Dont strike a hammer face with anothhammer

Dont use nail hammer claws as a pry


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Hand Saws

Use moderate pressure on hack sawsprevent blade failure

Spray saw blades lightly with lubricant

use Keep blades sharp


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Chisels

When possible use a safety chise

Dont use chisels with mushroom

Use the correct chisel for the job

Dont use chisels as pry bars

Safety chisel


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Use the correct sized wrench for the jo

Dont use pliers with worn grooves or wrenches with worn or sprung jaws

Dont use pliers or crescent wrenchestight bolts and nuts

Pull on wrenches rather than pushing

Never use a cheater bar on a wrench

Wrenches


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Disconnect power tools when not in use andchanging bits, blades, and other accessories

If a power tool binds STOP! and reassess th

Wear anti-vibration gloves when using powe

that vibrate excessively Never remove guards!

Ground power tools unless double insulated

Dont wear gloves if they can get caught on

rotating parts

Secure work in a or on a bench - Doin your hand!

Portable Power Tools


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Shop Tools

Use a push stick to cut small pieces

Unplug or Lockout tools before changblades

Keep tools sharp Never remove guards

Use a drill press vise when drilling Dhold parts with your hands!

Drill press vise


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Dont wear gloves when operating bench gri

Never remove guards!

Maintain proper clearances on tool rests andguards

Use vice grips when grinding small parts

Main

1/8Maintain tongue guard

withinof the wheel

Bench Grinders

Dont use grinders on aluminum unless the wheespecifically intended for use with aluminum!


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Extreme Temperatures

Use tongs or high-temperature gloves tohandle hot or coldparts and equipment


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Bites and Stings

Use caution when moving debris piles or equipment wsitting for a long time

Dont stick your hands in holes, crevasses and other places, including work boots which have been sitting

Avoid areas where insects nest or congregate (garba

stagnant pools of water, uncovered foods and areas ware blooming)

Avoid dressing in clothing with bright colors

Don't use scented soaps, perfumes or hair sprays


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Sharps Disposal

Never dispose of used razor blades, broken glasssharp objects in regular trash cans! Keep a m

specifically for disposal of sharp objects


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Equipment Handling

Use tag lines

Wear leather gloves Never place your hand on top of the load orload and a fixed object

Inspect hooks and chain slings before use Never hang load from the hook tip, unless it

for that


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Jewelry

Remove jewelrybefore using powertools or working onmachines

Keep sleevesbuttoned


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PPE - Many Gloves forDifferent Applications

NeoprenePolyvinyl

Alcohol

(PVC)

Wire mesh

NitrileNatural

Rubber

LeatherKevlar WeldingCotton


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Which Glove is Best?

Chemical gloves must be chosen for thchemical being used

Rubber, nitrile,neoprene, PVC,PVA and othersynthetics

Work with sheet metal, glass, or heavy

These gloves Do Not provide puncture

Kevlar or Wiremesh

Operating rotary hammers and other vequipmentShock absorbing

Extreme high and low temperaturesInsulated

Equipment handling, general constructcleanup, welding, moderately hot or cohandling

Leather

Light duty material handling and cleanCottonUsesGlove


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Chemical Glove Selecti


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General Guidelines for Select ChResistant Glove Materials

Acids, but not solventsPolyvinyl chlorideAcids and causticsNatural rubber (Latex)

Solvents, acids, caustics, anNeoprene

Aldehydes, ketones, and esButyl rubber

Chlorinated and aromatic soViton

Generally resistaGlove material

Consult your Safety Department and Manufacturer data for spe


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How Chemicals Get

Permeation - Diffusion of a chemthrough a material on a molecula

Penetration Chemical enters thzippers, punctures, or seams

Degradation Chemical causes ain the physical properties of the m


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Not all Chemical Gloves are Create

Gasoline,unleaded

Sulfuric Acid(30-70%)

HydrochloricAcid (37%)

Kerosene

Diesel

Benzene

PolyAlcNitrileNeoprene

NaturalRubber

ButylRubber

Glove Materiall

Chemical

Not

Recommended

Caution

(1-4 hours)

Recommended(>4 hours)

Recommended(>8 hours)

Table adapted from: Forsberg, K. & Mansdorf, S.Z. Quick SChemical Protective Clothing. 2nd Ed. Van Nostrand Rei


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Chemical Glove Selection Ex

From the previous slide, select a the following situations

A glove that provide good protectbenzene

What chemicals is a butyl rubber good for?

Glove(s) that would be good choidiesel, gasoline, and kerosene


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Glove Care

Inspect gloves before use for tears, exwear, and punctures

Store in a clean, dry location

Discard leather and cloth gloves if thesaturated with oil or other chemicals

Leak test chemical gloves by sealing tand filling the glove with air

Use a clean plastic tube or low pressure ayour mouth!


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Glove Sizing

With a ruler, start at index finger and measure thewidth of your hand in the knuckle area

XX Lar114to 5X Larg104 to 4

Large93to 4

Mediu83 to 3

Smal72to 3

X Sma62 to 2

SizeDistance


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Hand Care

Avoid washing your hands with solvents, ha

or abrasives

Clean and bandage all cuts and abrasions

Immediately remove any imbedded foreign m

Wash immediately after using any chemical you did not detect leakage

Pay attention to skin rashesget an immedi

evaluation

Wear cotton gloves under rubber gloves to r

sweating


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Types of Injuries

Cuts, fractures, punctures and amputations Cuts or lacerations May sever nerves, tendons o

become infected Fractures can damage nearby tissue and be diffic

Dermatitis and burns are caused by direct cochemicals, detergents, metals, or very hot or

Dermatitis may show up immediately after contacchemical causing the skin to become red, swollenburning, and may develop blisters

Dermatitis may develop after several contacts witknown as sensitizers - Nothing happens initially, lwith the chemical produce an allergic reaction

Carpal tunnel syndrome results from prolong

work with the hands - This condition can be and can have a variety of temporary symptoswelling, tingling, numbness, and pain in thefingers


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First Aid

Cuts: Apply direct pressure to a large or bleeding cut and eabove the shoulder - Clean a small cut with soap and warmit with a sterile bandage

Burns: Immerse in cool water or run cool water over the bu

Broken bones: Keep the hand still and get professional hel

Amputations: Apply pressure to the injured area immediateamputated part in a plastic bag and put it in ice water or iceallow the amputated part to come in contact with the ice!

Sprains: Apply cold compresses to reduce pain and swellin

Chemical burns: Rinse with running water for at least 15 m

Heat burns: Soak minor burns in cold water, then apply a sA burn that is charred or blistered requires medical attentio


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Hand Exercises

Doing a few simple exercises before wbetween tasks will build hand strength

provide a rest from repetitive motions

Exercises: Stretch fingers by spreading them wide afew seconds (Repeat 3 times with each h

Stretch your thumb by holding it down geseconds (Repeat 3 times with each hand

Stretch your wrist by making circles with y(Repeat 10 times for each hand)


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This could be you!

So watch out!!!


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Preventing Hand Injuries

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