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![Page 1: Pretest What is the job of the plasma membrane? What is semi-permeable? What is the difference between active transport and passive transport? What is.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dcf5503460f94ac3af8/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Pretest• What is the job of the plasma membrane?
• What is semi-permeable?
• What is the difference between active transport and passive transport?
• What is osmosis?
• What will happen to a cell when placed in a hypertonic solution? Hypotonic solution?
• What are examples of each?
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The plasma membrane maintains homeostasis for the cell
It is selectively permeable:
It controls what goes into and out of the cell
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Two forms of transport across the membrane:
Passive TransportNo energy needed
• WITH the gradient (high to low)
• Examples:
– Diffusion– Osmosis
Active Transport• ENERGY used
• AGAINST the gradient
• Examples:
– Endocytosis– Exocytosis
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Plasma Membrane Structure
Two key components of the membrane:
phospholipids
proteins
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Crossing the Plasma Membrane: Passive Transport
Energy?Direction?Examples?
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Passive Transport: Diffusion
• The phospholipids line up to form a double membrane
• Small, uncharged particles are able to pass right between the phospholipids
• This is called simple diffusion
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Passive Transport: Diffusion
• There are also proteins embedded between the phospholipids.
• These proteins function as gates, allowing larger or charged molecules to get in/out of the cell
• Only molecules which are “recognized” are allowed thru these proteins
• This is facilitated diffusion
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Passive transport: Diffusion
Lower Concentration
Higher Concentration
Molecules collide – pass thru membrane
Concentration gradient:
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Passive Transport: Osmosis
• The movement of water• Water moves TOWARDS the molecules
• Think of it as “water wants to dissolve stuff”
• Which way will water move in each case?
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Passive Transport: Osmosis
HYPERtonic ISOtonic HYPOtonic
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The effect of osmosis on animal cells
Cytolysis
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What do plant cells have outside of the cell membrane
that animal cells do not have?
What difference will this make with osmosis?
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Effect of osmosis on plant cells
Flaccid - Turgiddue to plasmolysis - cell shrinks from cell wall
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Passive transport: osmosis
Osmosis
Which way will water move?
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Hypertonic or Hypotonic?
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Active Transport:Which direction?
Energy Used?Examples?
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Crossing the Plasma Membrane
Figure 3.8
Active transport
AGAINST the gradient
requires energy
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Active Transport• Endocytosis
– Pino-
– Phago-
• Exocytosis
Figure 3.9
Ion pumps: Thru a protein, but using energy
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Crossing the Plasma Membrane
Passive Transport Active Transport
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Crossing the Plasma Membrane
Passive Transport
• No energy needed
• WITH the gradient
• Diffusion
• Osmosis
Active Transport
• ENERGY used
• AGAINST the gradient
• Can be through a protein
• Endocytosis
• Exocytosis
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Post test• What is the job of the plasma membrane?
• What is semi-permeable?
• What is the difference between active transport and passive transport?
• What is osmosis?
• What will happen to a cell when placed in a hypertonic solution? Hypotonic solution?
• What are examples of each?