Presidents of the Philippines

Members

Presidents of the Philippines in chronological order

• First RepublicEmilio Aguinaldo• CommonwealthManuel L. Quezon• Second RepublicJosé P. Laurel• Commonwealth (restored)Sergio OsmeñaManuel Roxas• Third RepublicManuel RoxasElpidio QuirinoRamon Magsaysay

Carlos P. GarciaDiosdado MacapagalFerdinand Marcos• Second Dictatorship ( The New

Society)Ferdinand Marcos• Fourth RepublicFerdinand MarcosCorazon AquinoFidel V. RamosJoseph EstradaGloria Macapagal-ArroyoBenigno Aquino III

Presidents of the Philippines by Republic

• First Philippine Republic President• Commonwealth of the Philippines• Second Philippine Republic Presidents• Third Philippine Republic Presidents• Fourth Philippine Republic Presidents• Fifth Philippine Republic Presidents

First Philippines Republic

• Malolos Republic• Malolos Constitution• Barasoain Church, Malolos, Bulacan Province• first republic in Asia. • Jan. 23, 1899

GENERAL EMILIO FAMY AGUINALDO

• President of the First Philippine Republic (Revolutionary Government/The Philippines under Spanish colonization)

• March 22, 1869• Mariano C. Trias• 1898- 1901• died- February 6, 1964

The National Anthem

• Julian Felipe• "Marcha Filipina Magdalo“• "Marcha Nacional Filipina“• "Filipinas“• “Lupang Hinirang”

Filipino Army officers at Barasoain Church, Malolos, Bulacan

Philippine army soldiers at the plaza in Malolos

Capitol of the First Philippine Republic at Malolos. Photo taken in 1899.

A bank note issued by the First Philippine Republic on April 21, 1899The symbol used for the Peso was the

same as for the US dollar.

The Philippine Commonwealth

• President Franklin Delano Roosevelt• Philippine Legislature ratified the Tydings-

McDuffie law (Public Law 73-127) on May 1, 1934

• Nacionalista Party,• 1935 to 1945• exile from 1942–1945

Salient provisions of the Tydings-McDuffie Law:

1. The organization of constitutional Convention that draw up the fundamental law of the land.

2. The election of the leaders of Philippine Commonwealth3. The recognition of Philippine independence on July 4,

19646.4. The right of United States to establish military bases in the

country5. Granting the United States president the power to call on

all military forces of the Philippines into service.6. Reclassifying all Filipinos as aliens and limiting immigration

to the United Sates to 50 persons per year.

MANUEL LUIS QUEZON

• First President of the Commonwealth

• August 19, 1878• Sergio S. Osmeña, Sr.• November 15, 1935-

August 1, 1944• died- August 1, 1944• "Father of the National

Language."

• In 1934- The Partido Nacionalista-Democrata under

Quezon- The Partido Nacionalista-Democrata Pro-

Independencia under Osmena

Philippine Commonwealth inauguration 1935

• National Defense Act (Commonwealth act no.1 )

first law of the National Assembly enacted

• The National Assembly,on November 13, 1936, enacted Act No.184

establishing the Institute of National Language

• November 9,1937- the adoption of national language

• December 30 1939- Tagalog as the national language

• April 1940- authorized the printing of dictionary and grammar

• June 19, 1940- Tagalog began to be taught in all schools

• July 4,1946- declared the Filipino language as one of official languages

• Surian ng Wikang Pambansa (National Language Institute)

• true to his pledge of "More Government and less politics"

• Rice Share Tenancy Act of 1933

• “social justice” Program• May 1939- Anti Dummy

Law

• January 2, 1942- The Japanese came to Philippines

• December 24,1941- MacArthur informed Quezon that they will leave Corregidor at two o’clock that afternoon and go to Australia

• Jose P. Laurel • December 30- Quezon take his oath• died of tuberculosis in Saranac Lake, New York.

left to right: Dr. Francisco Castillo Najera, Ambassador of Mexico; President Roosevelt; Manuel Quezon, President of the Philippine Islands; and Secretary

of State Cordell Hull

President Quezón, with some of his family members, are welcomed in Washington, D.C. by President Roosevelt.

JOSE LAUREL• President of the Japanese

Sponsored Republic• March 9, 1891• Tanauan, Batangas• Benigno Aquino, Sr. and

Ramon Avancena• October 14, 1943- August

15, 1945• died- November 6, 1959

• Laurel have a close relationship with Japanese officials.

• Economic life-Unemployment and general food shortage-mickey mouse of money

• Social Life Schools where reopened

teaching Niponggo, language of Japanese, and Tagalog

• Kempeitai-a secret police organization formed by Japanese

• “Tragedy of Capas”• Philippine-Japanese Treaty of AllianceClaro M. Recto- his Foreign Minister• Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere Greater East Asia Conference in Tokyo, Japan

from November 5 – 6, 1943

Post-presidency

• 1949 presidential election

• Return to the SenateSenate in 1951

• Retirement and deathLyceum of the Philippines

Sergio Osmeña y Suico

• Second President of the Commonwealth

• Serge Osmeña• September 9, 1878• August 1, 1944- May 27,

1946• oldest Philippine president

at age 65• A founder of Nacionalista

Party• died- October 19, 1961

• Philippine Civil Affairs Unit• Executive Order of Osmeña• Putting collaborators to jail• American Financial Aid• Bell Trade Relations Act• Tydings Rehabilitation Act

PRESIDENT SERGIO OSMEÑA TOGETHER WITH GENERAL DOUGLAS MACARTHUR DURING THE HISTORIC LANDING AT LEYTE IN 1944.

MANUEL ACUÑA ROXAS

• Last President of the Commonwealth(1946)

• May 28, 1946- July 4, 1946• First President of the Third

Republic of the Philippines(1946-1948)• July 4, 1946- April 15, 1948• VP: Elpidio R. Quirino

• Guerilla Amnesty• Treaty of General Relations• Plebiscite of 1947

July 4, 1946 at the Independence Grandstand (now Quirino Grandstand), Manila

ELPIDIO QUIRINO

• Second President, Third Republic of the Philippines

• November 16, 1890• April 17, 1948- November

10, 1953• Fernando H. Lopez• February 28, 1956

• Economic Mobilization Program • Central Bank of the Philippines• Irrigation systems• Magna Carta of Labor• Minimum Wage Law• Father of the Foreign Service

RAMON MAGSAYSAY

• Third President of the Third Republic of the Philippines

• August 31, 1907• December 30, 1953- March

17, 1957• Carlos P. Garcia• died- March 17, 1957

MGA NAGING PROBLEMA NI MAGSAYSAY

• Magkaroon ng pag-unlad sa pagmamay-ari o pagkakaroon ng lupa

• Magkaroon ng mabilisang pagpapautang sa mga magsasaka.

• Pagsasaayos na mga daan at iba pang facilities para sa rural

• Mapaunlad ang pagpapatakbo sa mga bukirin ng mga magsasaka

Magkaroon ng pag-unlad sa pagmamay-ari o pagkakaroon ng lupa

• Agricultural Tenancy Act in 1954- greater protection for the farmers

• Agricultural Tenancy Commission at Court of Agrarian Regulations

• First year of Magsaysay Administration- 28 000 land patents, covering 241 000 hectares

• 18 824 in 1954, 23 578 in 1955• NARRA- National Resettlement and

Rehabilitation Administration in 1955• Akle Settlement Project in Bulakan

Magkaroon ng mabilisang pagpapautang sa mga magsasaka.

• Agricultural Credit and Cooperative Financing Administration (ACCFA)- tulong sa pagtitinda ng mga produkto at pagpapahiram ng mga kagamitan.

• Farmers Cooperative and Marketing Association (FACOMAS)

Pagsasaayos ng mga daan at iba pang facilities para sa rural

• Extending Barrio roads and construction• 252 kilometers in 1954• 565 in 1955

• kumain ng nakakamay kasama ang mga magsasaka

• natulog sa mga bahay-bahay sa papag o kamang gawa sa bamboo

• nagsuot ng damit ng mga probinsyano

CARLOS POLESTICO GARCIA

• Fourth President of the Third Republic of the Philippines

• November 4, 1896• March 18, 1957- December

30, 1961• Diosdado P. Macapagal• died- June 14, 1971

• Pagbagsak ng ekonomiya• Corruption• Social Justice and general welfare

• Philippine culture• Conduct researches• Christian spirit• Filipino first• International goodwill and friendship

DIOSDADO PANGAN MACAPAGAL

• Fifth President of the Third Republic of the Philippines

• September 28, 1910• December 30, 1961 -

December 30, 1965• Emmanuel N. Pelaez• April 21, 1997• Poor boy from Lubao

THE MIDNIGHT APPOINTMENTS

• Central Bank Governor• Reforestation Administration

ECONOMY

• Philippine Veterans Bank• Asian Development Bank• NACIDA- National Cottage Industry

Development Administration

AGRICULTURE

• “Miracle Rice” - International Rice Research Institute at Los Banos

• Land Reform Code–Republic Act No. 3844–August 8, 1963–Land Reform areas

FOREIGN AFFAIRS

• MAPHILINDO• Association of South East Asian Nations• Philippine Sovereignty- June 22, 1962

INDEPENDENCE

• May 12, 1962- proclamation of changing the independence celebration

• Republic Act 4166- August 4, 1964• June 12- Independence Day• July 4- Philippine- American Friendship Day

- Republic Day

THE STONEHILL SCANDAL

• Jose W. Diokno- March 3, 1962–Ordered to raid the offices of Industrial

and Business Management Corporation

• Harry S. Stonehill• John L. at Robert P. Brooks• Blue Book

FERDINAND EDRALIN MARCOS

• Sixth and last President of the Third Republic of the Philippines

• September 11, 1917• December 30, 1965-

December 30, 1973• Fernando H. Lopez• President of the Fourth

Republic of the Philippines• June 30, 1981 - February

25,1986• Died- September 28, 1989

• (1981-1986) Prime Minister Cesar E. A. Virata

• Vice-President: Arturo M. Tolentino

• martial law• People Power Revolution in

1986.

• Marcos in Julio Nalundasan assasination (September 20, 1935)

• World War IIHe got 27 medals and decoratons for his wartime bravery and

heroism• Rise to Power

Married Imelda Romualdez1965- he run for president

December 30,1965- inauguration

• Marcos 1st term as a presidentInitial programs- effective tax collection, new tax

legislation, securing foreign loans through World Bank and International Monetary Fund, ambitious and visionary infrastucture program.

• Marcos 2nd term as president1969- Marcos run for reelection with Fernando

Lopez1935 Constitution- limited the presidential

tenure to not more than two terms or maximum of eight years

December 30,1973- end of Marcos 2nd term

• Martial LawProclamation 1081- which imposed martial lawDeptember 23,1972- formal announcementAchievements:1. The land reform program- farmers to own the

land they tilled2. Foreign affairs towards establishment of

friendly nation3. Building of infrastucture

• Snap Election in 1986• 1986 Edsa Revolution• Marcos fallsThey went to Honolulu, Hawaii in 1986 and died

because of multiple-organ failure in 1989Marcos Museum and Mausoleum

CORAZON COJUANGCO AQUINO

• First President of the Fifth Republic of the Philippines

• First woman president of the Philippines.

• January 25, 1933• February 25, 1986- June 30,

1992• Salvador H. Laurel• August 1, 2009

• Cory Aquino-came from Cojuangco clan• Snap Election of February 7, 1986 and EDSA

Revolution• Constitutional Commision of 1986• The constitutional framework for the

establishment of democracy• Constitution of 1987

Highlights of the Aquino Administration

1. Reestablishment of Demorcratic Institutions and Processes

2.The Local Elections of 1988January 18,19883.International Relations and Goodwill4. People empowerment5. Energizing Bureaucracy

6.Economic Recovery• Trade and industry• Export development and Promotion• Regional Industrialization• The Privatization Program• Employment• Banking, Finance and Social Security

FIDEL VALDEZ RAMOS

• Second President of the Fifth Republic of the Philippines

• March 18, 1928• June 30, 1992 - June 30,

1998• Joseph Ejercito Estrada

• In the 1992 elections, Defense Secretary Fidel V. Ramos (Lakas-NUCD),

• authorized by Corazon Aquino• won the presidency with just 23.6% of the

vote in a field of seven candidates.

• Economic revitalization plan1. government deregulation2. increased private investment3. political solutions to the continuing

insurgencies within the country

• Declared "national reconciliation" his highest priority

• National Unification Commission (NUC)

JOSEPH EJERCITO ESTRADA

• Third President of the Fifth Republic of the Philippines

• April 19,1937• 1998 – 2001• Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo

• Mayor of San Juan• 1987 (senatorial) and 1992 (vice-presidential)

campaign• Herculean task• “Erap para sa mahirap”• ERAP Foundation • 1998 election- with a landslide victory

ERAP Foundation

• Education, Research and Assistance Program Foundation Inc.

• December 1, 1998• MissionTo initiate, provide and establish education, research

and other forms of assistance programs and services to poor but deserving citizens of our country, and

To foster mutual assistance and self-reliance by promoting livelihood and self-help programs

ERAP Foundation

The ERAP Foundation seeks to:• Initiate, establish and provide education,

research and other forms of assistance programs and services to economically and socially disadvantaged young Filipinos;

• Conduct medical missions, render health care services; and

• Promote livelihood and self-help programs

ERAP Foundation

PROGRAMS• Scholarship program for the poor and less

privileged, but deserving Filipino students all over the country

• Mutual assistance and self-help programs as well as other forms of assistance

• Programs of cooperation with private, government and other institutions

• In late 1999- wage an all-out war against MILF• March 2000Abu Sayyaf kidnapped to Basilan 21 hostages,

including 10 foreign tourists, from the Sipadan Island resort in neighboring Sabah, Malaysia$20 million ransom

• October 2000 Estrada was charged of receiving millions of

dollars in illegal gambling payoffsplunder (large-scale corruption)Accusation of more than $80 million through

bribes and corrupt dealings• House of Representatives• On January 20, 2001

• September 2007- Estrada was convicted of plundering and sentenced to a maximum of 40 years in prison

• October 2009- he was pardon • May 2010 elections

GLORIA MACAPAGAL ARROYO

• Fourth President of the Fifth Republic of the Philippines and 14th Philippine President

• April 5, 1947• 2001-2004• 2004-2010• Teofisto T. Guingona• Manuel "Noli" Leuterio de

Castro

Benigno Simeon "Noynoy" Cojuangco Aquino III

• 15th President of the Republic of the Philippines

• February 8, 1960• 2010 - Present• Jejomar "Jojo" Cabauatan

Binay