Presented to: By: Date: Federal Aviation Administration PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS REVIEW AND UPDATE...
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Transcript of Presented to: By: Date: Federal Aviation Administration PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS REVIEW AND UPDATE...
Presented to:
By:
Date:
Federal AviationAdministrationPRACTICAL TEST
STANDARDS
REVIEW AND UPDATE
Designated Pilot Examiners
MARK ALDRIDGE, ASI
2007
Federal AviationAdministration
2PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS2007
PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS
LESSON OBJECTIVE: At the completion of this
presentation the pilot examiner will be knowledgeable of recent changes to the PTS and current PTS policy.
Federal AviationAdministration
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PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS
HOW DO I ASSURE THAT MY PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS ARE UP TO DATE?
BY CHECKING THE FAA’S WEBSITE
Federal AviationAdministration
4PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS2007
newmouse
Federal AviationAdministration
5PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS2007
The Preceding Movie Represents?
a. Two pilot examiners trying to use the internet?
b. Two aviation safety inspectors trying to use the new FAA website?
c. Two Pilot Examiner Standardization Team (PEST) members trying to use Power point?
d. All the above
Federal AviationAdministration
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Federal AviationAdministration
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Federal AviationAdministration
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Federal AviationAdministration
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Federal AviationAdministration
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http://faa.occc.edu/
Federal AviationAdministration
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First and Last Name
E-mail Address
AIRWORTHINESS – DAR, DAS, ODAR, DMR, DOA, SRAR36
DME – DME, DPRE
OPS – DPE, TCE, CFI, PILOT
SUBMIT
SUBSCRIBE OR UNSCRIBE
Federal AviationAdministration
15PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS2007
Practical Test Standards
Washington, D.C. 20591
for
FLIGHT STANDARDS SERVICE
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATIONFEDERAL AVIATION MINISTRATION
AIRLINE TRANSPORT PILOTAND AIRCRAFT TYPE RATING
AIRPLANE
August 2006
FAA-S-8081-5E
Federal AviationAdministration
16PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS2007
New Page Added to the PTS
Record of Major ChangesIntroduction
• The Reference section has been updated to current FAA publications
• An Abbreviation section has been added
• Special Emphasis areas have been updated
• Practical Test References updated
• Added Letter of Discontinuance information
• Added ADM and Risk Management Information
• Renewal or Reinstatement of Flight Instructor Matrix revised
• Area of Operation II, added TASK L and one other TASK. Added
Area of Operation IV, one TASK.
• Reference to the metric system has been eliminated
Federal AviationAdministration
17PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS2007
Private Pilot Airplane Single Engine Land (P-ASEL)
Assessment of Instruction and Practical Test Experiences
Comparison of results for
Newly Certified General Aviation P-ASEL Private Pilots:
2005 versus 2006
Federal AviationAdministration
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PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS
Question: Which practical tests require a written plan of action?
Answer: All
Federal AviationAdministration
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Practical Test Assessment 2005-2006
Question: To what extent did the examiner use a prepared written plan in the conduct of the ground and flight portions of the practical test? Great, considerable, moderate, limited, or not at all?
Federal AviationAdministration
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Practical Test Assessment 2005-2006
Answer: 90% used a POA to a great to moderate extent in 2006
Notat all(1)
Moderatedextent(3)
Greatextent(5)
Considerableextent(4)
Limitedextent(2)
6.3 4.3 5.5 6.0 14.9 13.5
34.0 32.7 39.3 43.5
Federal AviationAdministration
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PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS
Question: Which portion of the practical test must be completed first, the ground or the flight?
Answer: The ground portion must be completed before the flight.
Federal AviationAdministration
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Practical Test Standard Description
Ground Portion
BEFORE
Flight Portion
Federal AviationAdministration
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A Preflight Briefing Consists Of?
Profile of testWho is PIC?Positive exchange of controls (who is flying?)Procedures for an actual in-flight emergencyExaminer methods to simulate an emergencyCollision avoidanceOral questing will continue throughoutContinue/discontinue if unsatisfactoryOr, no preflight briefing given
Federal AviationAdministration
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Practical Test Assessment 2005-2006
Profile of the test (not asked)
Who is PIC during the test (not asked)
Positive exchange of controls 73%
Procedures for an actual in-flight emergency 57%
Examiner methods to simulate an emergency 56%
Collision avoidance (not asked)
Oral questing continues throughout (not asked)
Continue/discontinue if unsatisfactory (not asked)
Or, no preflight briefing given 12%
Federal AviationAdministration
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General Aviation Accidents 2005
Major Cause All Fatal
Pilot 1076 242
Mechanical/Maintenance 232 22
Other/Unknown 128 28
TOTAL 1436 292
2006 NALL REPORT
Federal AviationAdministration
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Accident Trends and Factors 2005
Preflight – Total 4%, Takeoff/Climb – Total 15%, Fuel Mgt – Total 11%, Weather – Total 5%, Descent/Approach – Total 5%, Go-around – Total 4%, Maneuvering – Total 11%, Landing – Total 41%,
2006 NALL REPORT
Federal AviationAdministration
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Accident Category Explanation
Takeoff/climb and landing - 57% of all accidents but only 17% of fatalities, which the authors attributed to slow airspeeds
Weather – continued VFR flight into IMC 13% fatalities
Descent/approach – high speed collisions with the ground (spatial D?), stall/spin 10% fatalities
Maneuvering – questionable pilot judgment, low passes, buzzing, high-risk 33% fatalities
Federal AviationAdministration
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Accident Trends and Factors 2005
Preflight – Total 4%, Fatal 0.4%Takeoff/Climb – Total 15%, Fatal 14%Fuel Mgt – Total 11%, Fatal 8%Weather – Total 5%, Fatal 14%Descent/Approach – Total 5%, Fatal 10%Go-around – Total 4%, Fatal 6%Maneuvering – Total 33%, Fatal 44%Landing – Total 41%, Fatal 3%
2006 NALL REPORT
Federal AviationAdministration
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WAS THE EVENT EVALUATED? NO!
Preflight inspection - 11%Radio & ATC light signals - 11%Forward slip to a landing - 25%Go-around/rejected landing - 25%Spin awareness - 15%Lost procedures - 24%Systems and equipment malfunctions - 15%Emergency equipment / survival gear - 51%Night preparation - 48%
Federal AviationAdministration
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REPEATING MANEUVERS
Federal AviationAdministration
31PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS2007
WHEN MAY MANEUVERS BE REPEATED?
• DISCONTINUANCE OF THE MANEUVER
• VALID SAFETY REASON
• COLLISION AVOIDANCE
• MISUNDERSTOOD REQUESTS
• OTHER FACTORS
• NOT ADEQUATELY OBSERVED
8710.3E,
PG 5-8
Federal AviationAdministration
32PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS2007
WERE YOU ASKED TO REPEAT THE EVENT?YES!
Normal crosswind approach / landing 4%
Short field approach / landing 7%
Forward slip to a landing 4%
Steep turns 10%
S-turns 4%
Turns around a point 5%
Power-off stalls 5%
Power-on stalls 6%
Recovery from unusual flight attitudes 4%
Federal AviationAdministration
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“USE OF THE PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS BOOK”
WHY?
ONE OR MORE
“REAL WORLD”
SCENARIOS
WHY?
Federal AviationAdministration
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WHY DO WE USE SCENARIOS?
• One of the evaluators better tools for comprehensive testing.
• Best tool to evaluate correlative abilities.
• Good in evaluating pilot judgment, knowledge and skill.
Federal AviationAdministration
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EXAMINER RESPONSIBILITYTesting at the Highest Level!
CorrelationCorrelation
RoteUnderstanding
Application
Federal AviationAdministration
36PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS2007
“USE OF THE PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS BOOK”
A POINT OF CONFUSION
WHEN MUST A TASK BE EVALUATED IN ITS ENTIRETY?
Federal AviationAdministration
37PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS2007
TASK: NATIONAL AIRSPACE SYSTEM
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of
the elements related to the National Airspace System by
explaining.
1. Basic VFR Weather Minimum - for all classes of airspace.
2. Airspace classes - their operating rules, pilot certification and
airplane equipment requirements for the following:
A, B, C, D, E, G3. Special use airspace and other airspace areas.
NOTE: 67% of all ATC violations are related to this TASK.
Federal AviationAdministration
39PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS2007
TASK: OPERATION OF SYSTEMS
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the elements related to the operation of systems on the airplane provided for the flight test by explaining at least three(3) of the following systems.
1. Primary flight controls and trim2. Flaps, leading edge devices, and spoilers3. Power plant.4. Propeller5. Landing gear6. Fuel, oil, and hydraulic systems.7. Electrical system.8. Pitot-static system, vacuum/pressure system and associated flight
instruments.9. Environmental and anti-icing systems.10. Deicing and anti-icing systems.11. Avionics system.
Federal AviationAdministration
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PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS
IN WHAT SEQUENCE MUST THE TASKS BE ORGANIZED FOR THE
PRACTICAL TEST?
Federal AviationAdministration
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“USE OF THE PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS BOOK”
ANY SEQUENCE
“EFFICIENT” AND “VALID”
Federal AviationAdministration
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USE OF THE PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS BOOK
SIMULATED EMERGENCIES
USE THE SAFEST MEANS OF SIMULATION
GOOD
JUDGEMENT
Federal AviationAdministration
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SPECIAL EMPHASIS AREAS
•
AREAS OF OPERATION CONSIDERED CRITICAL TO FLIGHT SAFETY
Federal AviationAdministration
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Practical Test Assessment 2005-2006
Stall/Spin Awareness 94%
Positive Aircraft Control 92%
Checklist Usage 91%
Aeronautical Decision Making 86%
In-flight Collision Avoidance 81%
Please indicate the special emphasis areas that were evaluated by your examiner.
Federal AviationAdministration
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Practical Test Assessment 2005-2006
Runway Incursion Avoidance 71%Wake Turbulence Avoidance 53%Land and Hold Short Operations 42%Low Level Wind Shear 31%Controlled Flight Into Terrain 31%
Please indicate the special emphasis areas that were evaluated by your examiner.
Federal AviationAdministration
46PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS2007
Special Emphasis Areas
1. Positive aircraft control.
2. Procedures for positive exchange of flight controls.
3. Stall and spin awareness (If appropriate)
4. Collision avoidance.
Federal AviationAdministration
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Federal AviationAdministration
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Special Emphasis Areas
1. Positive aircraft control.
2. Procedures for positive exchange of flight controls.
3. Stall and spin awareness (If appropriate)
4. Collision avoidance.
5. Wake turbulence and low level wind shear avoidance
6. Runway incursion avoidance
7. Controlled flight into terrain (CFIT)
Federal AviationAdministration
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8. Aeronautical decision making/risk management.
9. Checklist usage.
10. Spatial disorientation.
11. Temporary flight restrictions (TFR).
12. Special use airspace (SUA) .
13. Aviation Security; and
14. Other areas deemed appropriate to any phase of the practical test or proficiency check.
Federal AviationAdministration
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“REQUIRED AIRCRAFT AND EQUIPMENT”
CAN AN APPLICANT BRING MORE THAN ONE AIRPLANE TO THE TEST?
WHICH PRACTICAL TESTS REQUIRE A COMPLEX AIRPLANE?
Federal AviationAdministration
51PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS2007
“REQUIRED AIRCRAFT AND EQUIPMENT”
A TURBINE POWERED AIRPLANE IS CONSIDERED COMPLEX FOR WHICH
CERTIFICATE?
Federal AviationAdministration
52PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS2007
“REQUIRED AIRCRAFT AND EQUIPMENT”
IS THE DA-42 CONSIDERED COMPLEX?
Federal AviationAdministration
53PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS2007
“REQUIRED AIRCRAFT AND EQUIPMENT”
HOW MANY AND WHAT KIND OF INSTRUMENT APPROACHES ARE
REQUIRED FOR AN INSTRUMENT RATING?THREE APPROACHES, ONE PRECISION AND
TWO NON-PRECISION.IS AN RNAV APV/LPV APPROACH A
PRECISION ON NON-PRECISION APPROACH?
NON-PRECISION.
Federal AviationAdministration
54PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS2007
“REQUIRED AIRCRAFT AND EQUIPMENT”
WHAT KIND OF MULTIENGINE AIRPLANE IS REQUIRED TO RECEIVE AN
UNRESTRICTED INSTRUMENT RATING?
A MULTIENGINE AIRPLANE WITH A PUBLISHED VMC.
Federal AviationAdministration
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“REQUIRED AIRCRAFT AND EQUIPMENT”
HOW DO YOU TEST THE LOSS OF PRIMARY FLIGHT INSTRUMENT INDICATORS IN THIS AIRCRAFT?
Federal AviationAdministration
56PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS2007
PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS
WHEN MUST AN APPLICANT DEMONSTRATE A GPS APPROACH?
MUST THE DATA BASE BE CURRENT?
Federal AviationAdministration
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USE of FAA-Approved Flight Simulator or Flight Training Device
WHEN CAN YOU USE A SIMULATOR
FOR A PRACTICAL TEST?
FLIGHT TRAINING DEVICE?
Federal AviationAdministration
58PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS2007
PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS
WHEN CAN THE EXAMINER PROVIDE ASSISTANCE TO THE
APPLICANT DURING THE PRACTICAL TEST?
Federal AviationAdministration
59PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS2007
PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS NEW ATP
IF THE EXAMINER OCCUPIES A DUTY POSITION DURING PRACTICAL TEST,
ON AN AIRCRAFT THAT REQUIRES TWO OR MORE CREWMEMBERS, THE
EXAMINER MUST FULFILL THE DUTIES OF THAT POSITION,
INCLUDING CRM, EXCEPT DURING TWO MANEUVERS. WHAT ARE THEY?
Federal AviationAdministration
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PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS NEW ATP
• SEA PLANE TASKS INTEGRATED INTO THE PTS
• REMOVED THE STATEMENT “THE EXAMINER WHO CONDUCTS THE PRACTICAL TEST FOR AN ATP OR AN ADDED RATING MAY WAIVE ANY OF THE TASKS”
Federal AviationAdministration
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PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS NEW FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR
• FI AIRPLANE – RENEWAL OR REINSTATEMENT TABLE, ADDED
MANEUVER LESSON TO THE MATRIX
• ADDED SINGLE-PILOT RESOURCE MANAGEMENT (ASEL & AMEL)
• ADDED ACCELERATED MANEUVER STALLS (ASEL & AMEL)
Federal AviationAdministration
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PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS NEW FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR
• FI AIRPLANE – EMERGENCY DESCENT (ASEL)
• NUMEROUS ELEMENTS ADDED
Federal AviationAdministration
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Flight Instructor Practical Test Standards for Rotorcraft Helicopter & Gyroplane FAA-S-8081-7A
• April 10, 2006 touchdown autorotations are no longer required.
• July 13, 2006 autorotations are required.
Federal AviationAdministration
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CREW RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
AC 120-51
Federal AviationAdministration
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SINGLE-PILOT RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
ATCFSS
MAINTENANCE AUTOMATIONDISPATCHERS
Federal AviationAdministration
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PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS
DESCRIBE HOW YOU
EVALUATE THE
APPLICANTS USE OF
THE CHECKLIST?
Federal AviationAdministration
67PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS2007
Practical Test Assessment 2005-2006
Preflight Inspection 93%
Engine Starting 97%
Before Takeoff Check 99%
Takeoff & Climb 52%
Cruise 44%
Descent 44%
Please indicate the events for which you used a checklist.
Federal AviationAdministration
68PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS2007
Practical Test Assessment 2005-2006
Please indicate the events for which you used a checklist.
Approach and Landing 65%
Go-around 18%
Emergency Approach and Landing 55%
After Landing 81%
Engine Shutdown 85%
Federal AviationAdministration
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DH4planecrash
Federal AviationAdministration
70PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS2007
PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDSCOMMENTS & RECOMMENDATIONS
Snail Mail:
Address on Intro Page
Federal AviationAdministration
72PRACTICAL TEST STANDARDS2007
Any Questions?
Noodling is?
a. A kind of pasta.
b. A cat fishing method.
c. A memory technique.