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Curriculum LeadershipEarly Childhood and Elementary Curricula
Chapter 8
ICL 7001
Fundamentals of Curriculum Development
Dr. Thomas Rogers
December 1, 2010
Presenters
Melinda Hallock, Teacher
Grahamwood Elementary
Janice Lowe, Pre-school Teacher
Head Start
Rebecca H. Scott, Assistant Director
Campus School
Quote• “The early years are transcendentally the
most important, and if this nation wishes ultimately to achieve excellence, we will give greater priority and attention to the early years and start affirming elementary teachers instead of college professors as the centerpiece of learning.”
Ernest L. Boyer, President of the Carnegie Foundation for Advancement of Teaching
History of Elementary Programs
• Established in the nineteenth century• No knowledge or attention to the individual
differences or stages of human development• Schools were designed to educate upper and
middle class boys• Lower class girls and boys were taught to read
for religious purposes• Horace Mann
Key Characteristic of Elementary Programs
• Self-contained classrooms in which teachers teach all subjects
• Integrated curriculum• Support areas for art, music, physical education and media• Specialized classes for remediation, gifted, and speech
therapy• Extracurricular areas such as band and choir• Team teaching and departmentalization is common in
upper elementary
Importance of Elementary-Level Programs
• Elementary experiences provide the educational foundation as well as allows provisions for individual differences, flexibility and continuity in learning
• Intense influence on children– Individual differences– Sufficient knowledge– Address social changes/forces
Early Childhood Programs
• Are receiving increased attention and support• Educational trend of the future• Public and private ; profit and non – profit • No institutionalized system that guarantees the
same experiences• Inconsistent resources• Head start , follow through , and Pre – K
programs are the most popular public low income programs.
Early Childhood Program Statistics
• In 1965 , 65 % of five year olds attended kindergarten
• In 1991 , 31 % of three year olds and 52 % of four year olds were enrolled in pre – K programs
• In 1996 , the numbers rose to 37 % and 90 %• In 2004 – almost 100% of five year olds attended
Kindergarten• In 2007 , 4 million children attended kindergarten.
Article I: Promoting Altruism in the Classroom
Article By: E. H. Mike Robinson III
and Jennifer R. Curry
Summary
• Altruism is a behavior motivated by concern for others or by internalized values , goals, and self rewards
• Altruism is a form of pro-social behavior and the truest form of caring
• Examples are: sharing, playing cooperatively, empathy
Research on Altruism• Altruistic tendencies are biological• Children learn to be altruistic through social
interactions such as adult role modeling of ideal behaviors and conversations that stimulates cognitive formation and development of altruistic ideas
• Parenting style and social context• Females respond empathically and verbally while
boys offer physical support• *Children have greater response to adults who model
rather than simply make statements in favor of altruism
Creating Classrooms that Care• Increase student awareness of altruism and
greed (literature, media, etc)• Increase volunteer and service learning
opportunities• Increase empathic orientation• Promote internalization of values about
helping • Assist children in identifying their gifts for
helping
Article II: Making Instructional Decisions Based on Data: What, How and Why
Article by:
Kouider Mokhtari
Catherine A Rosemary
Patricia A. Edwards
The Importance of Making Instructional Decisions based on Data
• Professional development data• Classroom data• Reading performance data
Instructional Decision Making• Organize data so members are looking at
different sets.• Select a recorder.• Partners analyze data.• Put all information together• Plan when and how everyone else will
know the data
Instructional Decision Making
• Classroom Data Questions
1. What are some instructional strengths?
2. What aspects of instruction show a need for improvement?
3. What content and strategies are emphasized in the instruction?
4. What content and strategies are not emphasized?
5. How do you explain the patterns you see in the data?
Article III: Implementing a Schoolwide Literacy
Framework to Improve Student Achievement
Article by:
Douglas Fisher
Nancy Frey
Rosa Parks Community School
• 1,500 students• 100% free lunch• 78% Hispanic, 11% Asian, 8% African
American, 3% White or Other• Rosa Parks Community-highest crime area,
poorest, and most in need of health and social services in San Diego
Core Beliefs about Literacy Instruction
• Learning is Social• Conversations are critical for learning• Reading, writing, and oral language instruction
must be integrated.• Learners require a gradual increase in
responsibility.
Assignment
Individual: Highlight the strategies that you use in your classroom.Group: 1. Discuss 3 of the strategies you use with your group and how you use them in your classroom.2. What are 2 strategies that you don’t use that you will implement in your classroom?
Article IV and V: Why is Kindergarten an Endangered Species and Learning to Read in
Kindergarten
Article IV by: Linda H. Plevyak and Kathy Morris
Article V by: Bruce Joyce, Marilyn Hrycauk, and Emily Calhoun
Standardized Testing
A test designed to measure test takers against each others and to used to assess progress in schools. Standardized- Test scores often measure superficial thinking and the decisions can have significant impact on students' lives.
Teachers are feeling pressure and stressed because students are not scoring high enough on standardized test.
Kindergarten
• Pressure on Teachers• Pressure on Parents• Pressure on Students• Retaining student due to poor scores on
standardize tests.
Pre-Schools (Advantage)Early babysitter Services A Fresh Start for learning numbers, shapes,
letters, colors , and simple wordsSocial Skills- learning how to interact with other
childrenDevelop fine and large motor skillsPre-School is a mini- version of kindergartenScore high on a kindergarten readiness test than a
non pre-schooled
Pre-School
If a child does not attend pre-school, daycare, home school or head start they will be left behind. Kindergarten teachers feels that a child should be able to write their name, recognize colors, shapes and alphabets.
Where Do We Go From Here
Teachers need more help, better training, more learning tools for students, supplies and books. More emphasizes should be placed on learning instead of standardized testing. I believe that all students should have access to an quality education.
Article VI: Building a Community in Our Classroom: The Story of Bat
Town, U.S.A.
Article by: Andrea McGann Keech
Summary
• Students at Roosevelt Elementary School in Iowa City, used their knowledge from their town’s past to create a model community for their classroom using various genres of literature and social studies themes
• Roxaboxen by Alice Mclerran• Must haves for successful classroom
communities: Foundation, Atmosphere, Design, and Environment
Resources for Elementary Schools
• The First Six Weeks of SchoolPaula Denton and Roxann Kriete
• Responsive Classroom• Quantum Learning Foundations• http://www.teachingstrategies.com/
content/pageDocs/BPC_Ch2.pdf • Roxaboxen by Alice Mc Lerrran’s