Presentational Speaking

Key Principles of Presentational Speaking

We learn that speaking in public is a stressful event.

You do not have to be perfect to succeed.

All that you need are two or three main points.

Humility can go a long way.

When you speak in public, unexpected things can happen, but they can be handled effectively.

You do not have to (and you generally cannot) control the behavior of your audience.

Your audience truly wants you to succeed!

Stress

Distress vs. Eustress

Stages of stress:1. Alarm2. Adaptation or

resistance3. Exhaustion

Types of Presentations and Modes of Delivery

Informative

Demonstrative

Persuasive

Memorized

Manuscript

Notes

Impromptu

Creating and Delivering an Effective Presentation

1.Know your audience

2.Determine the purpose

3.Narrow the topic (as necessary)

4.Gather supporting material

5.Organize the presentation

6.Rehearse the presentation

7.Deliver the presentation

1. Know Your Audience

Who is going to be in the audience, and what do you need to know about them?

Why are you delivering the presentation and what do you want to accomplish?

2. Determine the Purpose

Do you want to inform, persuade, demonstrate, or entertain?

What will you be speaking about and when and where will you be delivering the presentation?

3. Narrow the Topic

What might the audience already know?

What is the time allotment?

What materials will you present?

4. Gather Supporting Material

5. Organize the Presentation:

Introduction

Introduce the subject clearly and preview your main points

Get the audience’s attention

Give the audience a reason to listen

5. Organize the Presentation: Tips for Answering Questions

Repeat or paraphrase the question

Answer the question directly and precisely; stay focused

Don't answer a question with a question

Don’t be afraid to say, “I don’t know”

5. Organize the Presentation:

Conclusion

Provide closure

Reemphasize main ideas

Call to action

Rehearse the Presentation

7. Deliver the Presentation

Know your subject matter

Lose yourself in your presentation and be enthusiastic

Be both professional and conversational

Presentational Speaking DO NOTs

Read your presentation

Appear unprepared

Handle questions inappropriately

Forget to establish rapport

Use inappropriate humor

Visual Aids

Encourage understanding

Enhance memory

Help listeners organize ideas

Help gain and maintain attention

Illustrate a sequence of events or procedures

Using Visual Aids

Keep it simple and be certain that visual aids are accurate and legible

Look at your audience, not the visual aid

Explain your visual aid

Practice using visual aids before presenting

Types of Nonverbal Communication Behaviors

Appearance

Posture

Gestures

Movement

Eye contact

Facial expressions

Vocal delivery

Vocal Delivery

Volume

Pitch

Rate

Pauses

Articulation

Pronunciation

Closing Thoughts

By managing your distress, you can make presentational speaking a eustressful event.

The most effective method of delivery is presenting with speaker notes.

Too much practice may make your presentation sound memorized.

Visual aids can enhance (or hinder) a presentation.

Remember all of the steps you must go through before delivering a presentation.