DEMOGRAPHY

Soumya ranjan parida

DEMOGRAPHY

Demography is defined as the scientific study of human population which includes the study of changes in population size.

It is focused on :Changes on population sizeThe composition of populationThe distribution of population

DEMOGRAPHIC PROCESSES

FERTILITY

MORTALITY

MARRIAGE

MIGRATION

SOCIAL MOBILITY

DEMOGRAPHIC CYCLE

1)High Stationary Stage/ First

stage

2)Early Expansion Stage/ Second

Stage

3)Late Expansion Stage/ Third

Stage

4)Low Stationary Stage/ Fourth

Stage

5)Declining Stage/ Fifth Stage

1) High Stationary Stage/ First stage

High Birth rate

High death rate

They Nullify each other’s effect

No change in size of population

Early Expansion Stage/ Second Stage

Birth rate remains the same

Death rate decrease

Some increase in population

Late Expansion Stage/ Third Stage

Birth rate increasesDeath rate decreasesTremendous increase in population

Low Stationary Stage/ Fourth Stage

Low Birth rate

Low death rate

They Nullify each other’s effect

No change in size of population

Declining Stage/ Fifth Stage

Birth rate lower than death rate.Negative growth in population

Factors influencing population size Age at marriage Duration of married life Family planning Environmental sanitation Education & Economic status Health care facility Nutrition Caste & religion Living standard Occupational health & safety Effective pharmaceutical

DEMOGRAPHIC MEASURMENT

The study & measurement of population using measurement tools.

Two aspects of demographic measurement:1. Population Static2. Population dynamic

Demographic measurment tools• Birth rate• Death rate• Growth rate• Dependency ratio• Sex ratio• Density• Marietal status• Socioeconomic status• Population distribution• Population size• Life expactancy

Demographic Treands in World

• The world population crossed 1 billion nearly by the year 1800AD.

• 80% of population is in the developing of countries of Asia, Latin America, Africa.

• Among Asian countries China has GR 0.53% & India has GR 1.64%.

• World’s most populous country is China(21.08%), India(16.87%), USA(4.63%), Indonesia(3.49%), Brazil (2.8%)Pakistan(2.58%), Russia(2.42%).

DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS IN INDIA

AGE & SEX COMPOSITION : 0-14Yrs :- Male > Female (1.3%) 60+: - Female> Male (0.6%)

SEX RATIO:- Sex ratio of India is generally adverse to

woman. Highest in Kerala(1,084) & lowest in

Hariyana(877)

DEPENDENCY RATIO: The proportion of persons above 65 yrs of

age & children below 15 years old age are considered to be dependent on economically productive age group(15-64year).

In 2005 - 59% 2009- 55% 2010- 54% 2011- 54% 2012- 53%

DENSITY OF POPULATION:

LITERACY RATE

LIFE EXPECTANCY

SOURCES OF DEMOGRAPHIC DATA

CensusRegistration of Vital StatisticsSample Registration SystemHospital / Medical RecordsPopoulation Survey

CHN CONSIDERATIONS

• Documentation• Analysis of Vital events• Prediction for Health hazard• Collection & interpretation of data to identify the

areas health services needed most.• Planning & Implementation as per the information.

SUMMERIZATION

THANK YOU