Presentation SiYaakob
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Transcript of Presentation SiYaakob
MARINE RENEWABLE ENERGY INITIATIVES IN MALAYSIA AND
SOUTH EAST ASIAPresented by
Prof. Dr. Omar Bin Yaakob
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
Johor Bahru
Malaysia
13th meeting of the United Nations Open‐ended Informal Consultative Process on Oceans and the Law of the Sea, New York, 29 May to 1 June 2012
MALAYSIA RE STATUS
RE development until 2011
• Targeted 5% RE contribution for electricity, achieved about 1%
• Legislation, enforcement and incentive were not in place
• Approved/ on going small RE project (as at December 2011)
RE Number Installed capacity
Biomass 20 180 MW
Biogas 10 29 MW
Mini hydro 13 87.7 MW
Geothermal 1 50 MW
Total 44 354.7 MW
New RE policy
• New RE policy – legislation, enforcement and incentive were approved in 2011
• SEDA – Sustainable Energy Development Authority to lead
• FIT – new feed in tariff for RE
• New target – to be achieve in the next 40 years
Year Cumulative RE capacity (MW)
RE contribution Cumulative CO2 avoided (m T)
2010 73 0.5 0.3
2015 985 6 11.1
2020 2080 11 42.2
2030 4000 17 145.1
2050 21400 73
National Oceanography Directorate (NOD)
• national focal point for all oceanographic and marine science activities
• provides leadership and policies in marine scientific research and development (R&D) undertaken within Malaysian waters
• facilitate implementation of national and intergovernmental program pertaining to marine science and oceanographic R&D
• Latest assignment‐drafting ocean energy technology roadmap for Malaysia
Summary ofOcean Derived Renewable Energy
Roadmap
Components Current Mid Term2013-2015
Beyond2020
Short term2011-2012
Long Term2016-2020
Potential Projects, Grants and Collaborations Network
•Wave /wind/current mapping. (Marine atlas).•Ocean temperature profiling.•Chemical, geological, physical and biological oceanography study covering regional seas.
Implementation of testing facilities for demo of small scale (pilot project) ocean energy conversion
devices.
Implementation of numerical modelling for
the ocean energy system.
Make ocean energy part of the hybrid
system especially for islands
Development and testing of 20kW ocean energy
generators.
Use the ocean energy to generate hydrogen for remote islands.(for use
in fuels cells)
To install 500Kw conversion device
Detail physical and numerical modelling of
potential sites
Potential demonstration facilities / marine
laboratory
To install 10Mw conversion device
To install 6 units 10 Mw conversion
devices
Niche market for indigenous technology for the equatorial belt countries
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Product
TechnologyHorizontal marine Turbine
Absorber
Attenuator
Pelamis
terminator technology
Energy extraction
Underwater Technology
Pressure sensors
Integrator technology
In stream Tidal Technology
Attenuator
commercial production (near shore) 10KW
OWC- Pilot
Physical modelling and computer simulation for tidal barrage
Identify feasible sites in Malaysia
VMT‐Pilot
Site viability studies
VMT‐commercial production
Pilot prototype for Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion
Tidal barrage
to produce energy with tidal range <7mOcean thermal energy converterOTEC operating at 10°c T difference
demo in plant
Energy farm
Vertical marine turbine – lab scale
Survey of tidal range
Baseline data South China Sea, Sulu Sea
OWC lab
Wells Turbine OWC‐pilot 1KW
CONNECT TO GRID
Well turbine
MALAYSIAN OCEAN CURRENT DATA(Source : Malaysian Tide Table)
LOCATION Maximumspeed (knots)
Typical speed(Knots)
One Fathom Bank 2.3 0.8 to 1.5
Off Raleigh School 2.2 0.9 to 1.5
Tg Segenting 2.0 0.8 to 1.3
Pulau Tioman (Kampung Teluk Salang)
1.14 0.1 to 0.58
MALAYSIAN OCEAN WAVE DATA(Comparison between Topex Poseidon Satellite and Malaysian Meteorological Service, Omar
et.al. 2005)
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9Mar-
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-99Ju
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-00Ju
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-01Ju
l-01
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month-year
wav
e he
ight
MMS
T/P
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Wave Energy Potential
The highest potential wave energy
‐ Peninsular Malaysia is 150kW/m
‐ East Malaysia is 81kW/m
Tidal Range
Marine Hydrodynamics Laboratory
Length 120m
Breadth 4m
Depth 2.5m
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM)
MRE WORK AT UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MRE WORK AT UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIAMALAYSIA
Marine TIDAL CURRENT
Vertical Axis
Horizontal Axis
OCEAN WAVEOscillating Water Collumn
Malaysian Ocean characteristicsMalaysian Ocean characteristics–– low current speed (0.5 m/s), low wave low current speed (0.5 m/s), low wave heights (1heights (1‐‐1.5m), shallow water depth (151.5m), shallow water depth (15‐‐30m)30m)
CHAMBER
AIR TURBINE
WAVE DIRECTION
OWC Wave Energy Device undergoing tests
UTM Vertical Axis Marine Turbine based on Savonius concept
UTM Horizontal Axis Marine Current Turbine undergoing Model Tests
Universiti Malaya (UM)
• Establish the research on novel type of folding tidal turbine;
• Investigate the wake of a ship’s
• propeller jet and its potential
• influences to the tidal turbine
• in waterway;
• Develop the research in marine algae;
Previous Study
CFD model
Field measurementSmall scale marine current
turbine
Universiti Malaysia Terengganu / Universiti Malaya Oscillating water column Device Testing at Sea
Algaethe concept
Algae + nutrient + CO2 + sunlight+ water biofuel
The concept and pilot plant at UPM, UM,USM
The concept and pilot plant at UPM, UM,USM
200 M
200 M
FOS
Sabah Tro
ugh
Sabah
Sarawak MA
LAYSIA
South China
Sea
Sunda Shelf
Vietnam
Philippines
MalaysiaBrunei
Sabah Trough
Potential for OTEC
2000‐ 2500 m water depth
1400 meters depth found within 130 km (70 nm) distance from shore
Surface Temperature about 28 deg C for most of the year
1400 meters depth found within 130 km (70 nm) distance from shore
31
Longitude (E)Latitude (N)Point
113º 29’ 47”6º 39’ 55”E
114º 13’ 57”5º 54’ 03”D
115º 59’ 28”7º 39’ 47”C
116º 02’ 36”8º 01’ 26”B
115º 42’ 46”8º 39’ 41”A
A
E
D
C
B
2,100
m
Malaysia
Brunei
MalaysiaPhilippines
Sabah
BruneiDarussalam
Labuan
PulauLayang-Layang
Sabah Trou
gh
34,184 sq km
MALAYSIA
POTENTIAL SUBREGIONAL COOPERATION IN OCEAN THERMAL ENERGY DEVELOPMENT: BRUNEI ‐MALAYSIA‐PHILIPPINES
PHILIPPINES
BRUNEI
Islands = 17,480Ocean = 5.8 million km2
Ocean EEZ = 2.7 million km2
Costline = 95,180 kmPopulation (2010) = 236 million
• The research planning for the development of tidal current is:
– Phase 1 (RPJM II): Development of tidal current energy plant of 10 ‐ 100 kW
– Phase 2 (RPJM III): Development of tidal current energy plant of 3 MW – Marine Current Turbine Farm
– Phase 3 (RPJM IV): Development of tidal current energy plant for domestic electicity and for producing biofuel or marine biofuel.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
• Ocean energy has nowdays been received a greater attention from universities, government agencies and public.
• An entity so called Indonesian Ocean Energy Association (IOEA) is currently being formed to foster research, development, publication and application of ocean energy.
• International collaboration has also been going on, e.g. wave energy plant (thappered channel, Norway) in Yogyakarta, tidal current enery plant (KOBOLTD, Italy) in East Lombok , and OTEC (Dutch) in Bali.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
• BPPT and universities have been studying and mapping ocean energy resources in Indonesian.
• More than 15 straits or channels have been identified as potential location for tidal current energy systems; three locations are candidates for OTECS; and Indian ocean (between Indonesia and Australia) offers great challanges to harvest wave energy.
TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION
Tidal Energy Flux in Indonesia
Source: Ray et.al. (2005): A Brief Overview of Tides in the Indonesia Seas
Comparison Between ADCP with Numerical(Erwandi 2010)
ADCP vs Numerical
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NumericalMeasurement
Temperature SurvEy in the Sea of Flores by Research Center of Oseanografi LIPI
Profil Temperature di Laut Flores, Mei 2005
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alam
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eter
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st1 st2 st3 st4 st5 st6 st7 st8
Sumber: Hadikusumah, PusLit Oseanografi LIPI
Tidal Current Energy Reserves (INOCEAN 2011)
Wave Energy Reserves (INOCEAN 2011)
Ocean Thermal Energy Reserves
Theoretical(GW)
Technical(GW)
Practical(GW)
Tidal current 160.0 22.5 4.8Ocean wave 510.0 2.0 1.2Ocean thermal 57.0 52.0 * 43.0 *Total 727.0 76.5 49.0
*depending on the technological maturity and market development,including availability of successful project in gird connection.
Ocean Energy Potentials based on previously conducted exploration (INOCEAN Ratification 2011)
No Type Location Capacity Note
1
Marine current (BPPT, Indonesian Hydrodynamics Laboratory)
Flores, NTT 2 kWTested successfully, and being upscaled to 10 kW
2
Marine current (KOBOLD, PdA Italy and PT. Walinusa Energy)
East Lombok, NTB 175 kW Schedulled in
operation by 2012
3OTECS (Cooperation with Netherland)
North Bali, Bali 100 kWCancelled, economc crisis. FS was daone
4 OWC (BPPT, BPDP) Yogyakarta 19 kW/wave
length
Cancelled, initial contraction was done
5Wave coverter –Pendulum type (Indonesian technolog)
Madura – East Java
1 KW to be scalled to 100 KW per pontoon, and could be farming
Field test, schedulled in February 2012
Prototype Turbine (by LHI – BPPT, Erwandi 2010)
Darrieus Turbine type HDiameter 2.0 m, span 2.0 m3 bladesSolidity = 0.4Capacity 2 kW at current speed 1.6 m/s (eff = 25%)
Marine current and OWC were tested during research and development at the Laboratory of Hydrodynamic BPPT and Institute of Technology Sepuluh
Nopember (ITS) in Surabaya(Coutesy: Erwandi ‐ BPPT, 2010; and Arief Suroso – ITS, 2010).
Field test tidal turbine in Larantuka (Erwandi, BPPT 2010)
Proposed Indonesian targetsINOCEAN proposed to established pilot project of ocean energy power plant, connected to the grid in 2014:
– 1 MW tidal current energy – 1 MW wave energy
The medium and long term run would be OTEC pilot plant.
The most viable potential of 6000 MW ocean energy power plant is proposed to be realized in 2030.
The PhilippinesThe Philippines
The Philippine Energy Plan
Increase RE capacity by 100% by 2020
‐ No. 1 geothermal energy producer
‐ No. 1 wind energy producer in SEA
‐ Double hydro capacity
‐ Expand contribution of:
‐ biomass 200 MW
‐ solar 30 MW
‐ ocean energy 120 MW
RE TargetsRE Targets
Marine Current PotentialMarine Current Potential
ENU Velocity Plot Summary
0102030405060708090
100110120130140150160170180190200210220230240250
15 15 16 21 21 22 23 24 24 25 26 27 27 28 29 29 30 31 1 1 2 3 4 4 5 6 7 7 8 9 10 10 11 12 12 13 14 15 15 16 17 18 18 19 20 21 21 22 23
Timeline
Velo
city
(cm
/s)
E N U
JULY AUGUST
Current Velocity July 15 ‐ Aug 23 ‘08
• Max Velocity– 1st site – 215 cm/s
– 2nd site ‐ 216 cm/s
– 3rd site – 169 cm/s
Liloan Site
• 1st SiteCapul Site
Targets…
The Department of Energy (DoE) expects the Philippines’ first ocean energy facility to start commercial operations by 2018.
The first project to go into operation will be the 10‐megawatt Cabangan ocean energy thermal conversion (Otec) project in Zambales.
Private Companies granted service contracts
Private Companies granted service contracts
Fourteen of the sites have already been identified as specifically suitable for ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) technologies, eight for tidal energy projects and the others for offshore wind farms.
Deep Ocean Power was looking to develop between 10MW and 300MW of capacity on each site, adding that sites may be used for a number of technologies if suitable.
Concluding Remarks• Despite substantial progress on the development of Marine Renewable Energy (MRE) made in the world, the capacity of MRE R&D still remains low in the South East Asian countries, with various challenges being faced with, for instance, lack of sound policy environment, low level technology development, unsustainable R&D activities, conflicting use with other marine users, marketing development etc.
• There is a a need to enhance regional cooperation in the research and development of MRE in order to bring together regional experts, share the lessons and best practices, and further improve the capacity in the research and development of MRE Technologies.
• A new Working Group (WG) on Marine Renewable Energy Technology (MRET) Development in the Western Pacific has been established by the 9thIntergovernmental Session of the IOC Sub‐Commission for the Western Pacific 9‐12 MAY 2012, Paradise, Busan
Concluding Remarks