Nano-Technology

Nano-Technology

INDEXIntroductionHistoryApplicationPractical applicationAdvantages & disadvantagesConclusionsources INTRODUCTIONNanotechnology is the branch of science & engg which deals with creations of materials , devices and system through manipulations of individual atoms and molecules.The goal is to control individual atoms and molecules to create nono chips and other devices which are thousand times smaller than recent technological permits. HISTORYProf R.P Feyman once said The amount of information space available to us is enormous, there is nothing besides our clumpsy size that keeps us from using this space. In this time(than) is not possible to usto manipulate single atoms or molecules because they were far too small for our toolsHe described that law of physics do not limit the ability to to manipulate single atoms and molecules. He than explored the possibility of the material at a scale of individual atoms and molecules.He also described such atomic scale fabrication as a bottom approach as opposed to the top down approach as we know. APPLICATIONSNano systemsNano materialsNano electronicsInformation & communication technology

Nano systems- It is a small system that is an extension of bio-technology. They are under continuous reasearch inthe form of nano mytes to prevent diseases.

Nano materials-It is possible to create any material by working at the nano level. One of the first nano material was the carbon nano tube which conducts electricity better than copper.

Nano electronics-Standard computre chips which soon have minimum feature sizes below 100 nanomaters will inevitably enter the realm of nano Technology.

Information and communication technology-In IT industry computer chip is formed by charting number of transistors , the building block of computers over the past three decades.In 1971 there were just 2300 transistors in Intel 4004 , their first computer chip with a clock speed of 0.8 million cycles per second.Because of nano technology by 2003 , intel xeon processor has 108 million transistors operating at a clock speed of 3000 million cycles per second .In optical communication there is already a commercially availabe device which consist of some infinite movable mirrors mounted on tnHe surface of a sillicon chip which is about 1 sq cm and of 1 microns across. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONMonitoring patienceElectronicsAutomobile ECUModern telecommunicationsEg: nano chips , nano computer , sensors,transistors etc. Advantages & disadvantagesAdvantages The field of electronics can be modernised by the help of nano technology. For eg: quantum dots are tiny particles that produces light used for iluminating purpose which can be used on display screens.It is small in size and reduce space for its components making it more easy to handle. DisadvantagesIt has gained a risk to health due to its smaller size which can cause inhalation problems and fatal diseases.It is a very costly technology and its cost are increasing day by day.Nano technology has raised the standard of living and at the same time has also given birth to nano pollution.Nanotechnology if fall in wrong hands can be used to make destructive weapons such as nuclear war heads . It is a highly unsecure an classified technology and can fall into wrong hands pretty soon. ConclusionAs a conclusion to this topic , I would say nano technology is a brand new technology that has began revolutionig science that will change what we know before . It will give the scientist the ability to develpo and manipulate the combination of atom in an object to much lighter, stronger and more durable objects than before just by using nano tubes.In terms of ETC , nanotechnology components like semiconductor diode , capacitors and resistance and other components used in an intregated circuit will reduced to size will space space . It will also reduce consumption of energy and shall be more efficient and durable in high transmission frequencies andutillisation of optical spectrum to provide at least 10 times the bandwith now.