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Outline of the presentation Definition of Knowledge and Knowledge Management
Importance of KM
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What is knowledge.
Knowledge is intangible,dynamic, and difficult to
measure, but without it no
organization can survive.
http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.indymedia.org.uk/images/2007/02/362717.png&imgrefurl=http://www.indymedia.org.uk/en/2007/02/362890.html&h=387&w=525&sz=208&hl=en&start=61&tbnid=fSABpT4F0TKSsM:&tbnh=97&tbnw=132&prev=/images%3Fq%3D%2BKNOWLEDGE%26start%3D60%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN -
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Definition of Knowledge Knowledge is a fluid mix of framed experience, values,
contextual information and expert insight thatprovides a framework for evaluating and incorporatingnew experience and information.
It originates and is applied in the mind of knower's. Inorganisations, it often becomes embedded not only in
documents or repositories but also in organisationalroutines, process, practices,and norms".Tom Davenpoort and Laurence Prusak (1998)
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Knowledge
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Meaning of Knowledge
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Types of Knowledge
Descriptive
Procedural
Reasoning
Linguistic Presentation
Assimilative
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Types of knowledge
Tacit: or unarticulated
knowledge is more personal,experiential, context specific,
and hard to formalize; is
difficult to communicate or
share with others; and is
generally in the heads of
individuals and teams.
Explicit: explicit knowledgecan easily be written down
and codified.
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Knowledge Management is making betterdecisions by understanding the knowledge
ingredients for decision making.
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Knowledge Management is a process that helps organizationsidentify, select,organize,disseminate and transfer important
information and expertise that are a part of the organizationalmemory that typically resides within an organization in an
unstructured manner.
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Goals and Objectives of Knowledge
Management
Goal KM as a process is to improve theorganizations ability to execute its core processes moreefficiently
http://www.masternewmedia.org/images/man_knowledge_id106289_size350o.jpghttp://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.crocusbank.org/Objectives.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.crocusbank.org/Index1En.htm&h=321&w=258&sz=12&hl=en&start=1&tbnid=pB_KTV-G_sTOEM:&tbnh=118&tbnw=95&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dobjectives%2B%26gbv%3D2%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG -
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Objectives of KM
Create knowledge
repository
Improve knowledge assets
Enhance the knowledge
environment
Manage knowledge
as an asset
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Characteristics of KnowledgeExtraordinary leverage &
increasing returns Fragmentation, leakage & the
need to refresh Uncertain value
Uncertain value sharing
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The Knowledge Management
Cycle
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Need for KMFor several decades the world's best-known
forecasters of societal change have predicted the
emergence of a new economy in whichbrainpower, not machine power, is the critical
resource. But the future has already turned into
the present, and the era of knowledge has arrived.
--"The Learning Organization," Economist Intelligence Unit
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The Knowledge Economy
The move from an industrially-based
economy to a knowledge or information-
based one in the 21st Century demands atop-notch knowledge management system to
secure a competitive edge and a capacity for
learning.
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The Knowledge Economy
The knowledge economy rests on threepillars:
The role that knowledge plays in
transactions: it is what is being bought and
sold; both the raw materials and the finishedgoods
The concurrent rise in importance of
knowledge assets, which transform and addvalue to knowledge products
The emergence of ways to manage these
materials and assets, or KM
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KM for India
World Competitiveness Report 2010 has ranked Indiaat 51 among 139 countries, 17th rank globally in termsof its financial markets, and 44th in businesssophistication and 39th in innovation, which clearly
indicates that India lags behind in terms ofcompetitiveness.
Competitiveness & innovation activities are expectedto need large amounts of new knowledge. Knowledge
is inextricably linked to core competence. Knowledgeplays a unique role in building and conserving corecompetences. (Prof. Shailja Dixit, SME word, Specialreports)
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Importance of KM practicesCompetitive success will be based on how
strategically intellectual capital is managed
Capturing the knowledge residing in the minds ofemployees so that it can be easily shared across
the enterprise
Leveraging organizational knowledge is emergingas the solution to an increasingly fragmented and
globally-dispersed workplace
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Importance of KM practices Globalization Proliferation of Information and Communications Technology
(ICT), Heightened level of competition. High level of uncertainty Inability to predict the future; what worked yesterday may or may
not work tomorrow (Singh and Soltani, 2010). The traditional factors of production land, labour and capital can
no longer guarantee sustainable competitive advantage.
The only source of sustainable competitive advantage is knowledgeand intellectual capital. Hence Knowledge management practices become vital.
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Interdisciplinary nature of KM
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Critical success factors for KM implementation (Kuan Yew Wong
and Elaine Aspinwall, 2005):
Management leadership and support
Culture
Information technology
Strategy and purpose
Measurement Organisational infrastructure
Processes and activities
Motivational aids Resources
Training and education
Human resource management
Bench Marking (Changiz Valmohammadi, 2010)
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KM Processes (Singh and Soltani, 2010)
Creation Storage
Sharing and evaluation
Generation
Transfer
Application
SECI Cycle (Nonaka, 1995)
1. Socialisation (Tacit Tacit)2. Externalisation (Tacit - Explicit)
3. Combination (Explicit Explicit)
4. Internalisation ((Explicit Tacit)
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knowledge capture
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Five dimensions of KM
(APQC,1995) Used by Deepak Chawla and Himanshu Doshi in 2010
1. KM Process
2. Culture3. KM Technology
4. KM Measurement
5. Leadership
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Benefits KM has been linked positively to financial
performance measures (Tanriverdi, 2005)
non-financial performance measures such as quality
(Mukherjee et al., 1998),
innovation (Francisco and Guadamillas, 2002),
and productivity (Lapre and Wassenhove, 2001).
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KM Benefits at Individual level _ Helps people do their jobs and save time through
better decision making and
problem solving.
_ Builds a sense of community bonds within theorganization.
_ Helps people to keep up to date.
_ Provides challenges and opportunities to contribute.
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At the group level _ Develops professional skills.
_ Promotes peer-to-peer mentoring.
_ Facilitates more effective networking andcollaboration.
_ Develops a professional code of ethics that memberscan follow.
_ Develops a common language.
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For the organization _ Helps drive strategy.
_ Solves problems quickly.
_ Diffuses best practices. _ Improves knowledge embedded in products and
services.
_ Cross-fertilizes ideas and increases opportunities for
innovation. _ Enables organizations to stay ahead of the
competition better.
_ Builds organizational memory.
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