Part I – CitiesPart II – Comfort of urban life

Presentation of Polish team

,,Comfort of urban life”

The first cities

As we know the first cities were invented by ancient people from Mezopotamia. They built cities – countries of which we can find signs nowadays. The biggest and most popular of

them was Babilon, which dates back to the 23rd century B.C. They are the

oldest.But…

Precolumbian cities

CitiesFor the development of European civilisation Roman cities were the most important.In Ancient Rome, a province was the basic, and, until the Tetrarchy (c.296), largest territorial and administrative unit of the

empire's territorial possessions outside Italy. The word province in modern English has its origins in the term used by the

Romans.Provinces were generally governed by politicians of senatorial rank,

usually former consuls or former praetors

Roman city Greek city - Athens

Cities

Cities

Patter of Roman encampment

Patter of city

Cities

Roman colonies in Europe

CitiesAll roads lead to Rome…

Map of Rome Empire with roads

Cities

Map of Polish roads Map of Roman roads

The comfort of urban lifeThe most important ancietn inventions, which are useful

nowdays are:

Bridge Sewage system

Elevator Central heating

Fire Station Restaurants

Groma Lock and keyRoman house

Lock and key

The comfort od urban lifeMost cities were built near rivers, which were not only the sources of food and water, but also gave them the opportunity to travel. The

cities evolved on both sides od rivers, and that was the reason to build bridges.

Reconstruction of an ancient bridge

Ruins of a bridge

The comfort of urban life Bridges

Modern bridges are not only useful, but also beautiful…

Bridge in our town - Ostrołęka

Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco

The comfort of urban life Bridges

The longest bridge in the world – The Grand Bridge

The oldest bridge in Poland

The comfort of urban lifeSewage system

and providing waterRomans knew how to eliminate problems associated with supplying city

with water. They built aqueducts -water supply channels, which transported water in lead tubings (which were poisonous for people) from

mountains or streams to concentrations of people. Firstly, water was flowing in a natural way, then the Romans elaborated special architectural

solutions , so the obstacles were overcome. Nowadays , people benefit from Romans’ achievments – we have a sewage system, which is based on

ancient aqeducts.

Ancient aquadukts

The comfort of urban lifeSewage system and povading water today

Faucet

sewage treatment plant

Well

The first reference to an elevator is in the works of the Roman

architect Vitruvius, who reported that Archimedes (c. 287 BC – c. 212 BC) built his first elevator probably in 236 BC. In some

literary sources of later historical periods, elevators were mentioned

as cabs on a hemp rope and powered by hand or by animals. It is assumed that elevators of this

type were installed in the Sinai monastery of Egypt.

Comfort of urban life History of elevators

Comfort of urban lifeModern elevators

Comfort of urban lifeThe fastes elevators in the world

The fastest planned elevator in the worldThe fastest elevator now in Taipei

The next presentation in Turkey contain:

•Central heating•Fire Station•Restaurants•Groma•And other inventions of Romans and Greek

Thank you for attention

Teachers: Mrs. I. Gawrych, Ms. M. Łomacz,

Ms. J. Sławińska, Mr. W. WilczekStudents: M. Krysiak, M. Krupka, K.

Abramczyk