Presentation by Ruby Nicholls & Dillon Cady?

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

The cardiovascular system is made up of the Heart as well as the Blood.

The heart acts as a Pump, transporting the blood around the body and through the lungs, while the blood acts like a Delivery system.

WHAT IS IT ?

TransportationProtection Regulation

FUNCTION

1. Nutrients: O2, CO2, Electrolytes, proteins, hormones, carbs, and lipids.

a. Electrolytes include K, Mg, Na, N, Cl, and H2CO3 (carbonic acid)2. Waste from cells like CO2, nitrogenous waste

a. Nitrogenous waste is the outcome of nitrogen molecules bonding with other molecules, producing ammonia

WHAT IS BEING TRANSPORTED?

White blood cells, antibodies, and platelets flow in the blood stream protecting against foreign bodies and stop wounds from bleeding out.

PROTECTOR

Regulates body temperature, fluid PH, and the water content of other cells

REGULATING

Arteries VeinsArteriolesVenules Capillaries

MAJOR PARTS

Carries oxygenated and deoxygenated blood away from the heart and towards the lungs and the body.

Largest artery on the heart is the Aorta

Made up of dense connective tissue

MAJOR PARTS: ARTERIES

MAJOR PARTS: ARTERIES

smaller arteries that branch off of larger arteries and provide capillaries with nutrients

MAJOR PARTS: ARTERIOLES

Carries oxygenated and deoxygenated blood towards the heart.

Made of dense connective tissue but thinner than the walls of an artery

MAJOR PARTS: VEINS

MAJOR PARTS: VEINS

Small veins that take blood from capillaries and drain into larger veins that lead to the heart

MAJOR PARTS: VENULES

Tiny, extremely thin-walled vessels that act as a bridge between arterioles and venules.

They allow oxygen and nutrients to pass from the blood into tissues and allow waste products to pass from the tissues and into the blood

MAJOR PARTS: CAPILLARIES

MAJOR PARTS: CAPILLARIES

STRUCTURE OF THE HEART (INTERIOR)

STRUCTURE OF THE HEART (EXTERIOR)

1. Vena cava

2. Right atrium

3. Tricuspid valve

4. Right ventricle

5. Pulmonary valve (semilunar valve)

6. Pulmonary arteries

7. Lungs

8. Pulmonary veins

9. Left atrium

10. Bicuspid valve

11. left ventricle

12. Aortic valve (semilunar valve)

13. Aorta

14. Body

PATHWAY THROUGH THE HEART

The Systolic phase occurs when the heart contracts increasing the pressure causing the blood to move out the heart

The Diastolic phase occurs when the heart relaxes decreasing pressure causing the heart to fill up with blood

SYSTOLIC & DIASTOLIC

Normal blood pressure is less than 120/80 mm Hg

Blood pressure is recorded as a ratio systolic over diastolic

SYSTOLIC & DIASTOLIC

SYSTOLIC & DIASTOLIC

Pulmonary circulation: the circuit through the lungs where blood is oxygenated

Systemic circulation: the circulation where the entire body receives oxygenated blood.

PULMONARY & SYSTEMIC

PULMONARY & SYSTEMIC

5 waves (PQRST) P wave: when the atria's depolarize filling the ventricles

with blood QRS wave: this is when the ventricles depolarize it

causes the AV valves to shut creating the “lub” sound. The S-T segment represents ventricular systole,

increased pressure opens the pulmonary and aortic valves, rushing blood out the arteries.

The T wave represents ventricular repolarization, or when the ventricles relax, this action causes the pulmonary and aortic valves to shut creating the “dub” sound.

Atrial repolarization cannot be seen on an ECG because it is masked by the QRS complex

HEARTBEATS

HEARTBEATS

Electrocardiogram

Plasma is a complex mixture of water, amino acids, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, vitamins, hormones, electrolytes, and cellular waste. Plasma takes over about 55% of the bloods volume.

Red blood cells carry oxygen with the help of hemoglobin. RBCs also carry away waste.

Leukocytes or white blood cells protect the blood stream from foreign invaders like bacteria, germs and viruses.

Platelets ,or thrombocytes, help clot blood during bleeding, when they detect bleeding they release fibrinogen that turns into fibrin which is a long and threadlike material that tangles RBCs and stick to the surface of the cut to stop the bleeding.

BLOOD

Each blood type is classified by the types of antigens on the Red blood cell and the antibodies that are present

Type AB blood has both A and B antigens on its surface

Type O blood has no antigens on the surface of the red blood cells. People who are type O can donate blood to anyone, but can only receive type O blood.

RED BLOOD CELLS

RBC

Any of several substances on the surface of red blood cells that induce a strong antigenic response in individuals lacking the substance.

Those having inherited such antigens being designated Rh + (Rh positive) and those lacking them, a much smaller group, being designated Rh− (Rh negative)

RED BLOOD CELLS: RH FACTOR

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