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7/29/2019 Presentation Articles

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aan

the


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What Are Articles?

There are only three articles: the, a and an.

They are very small words which cause very

large problems if used incorrectly.Articles are used to differentiate between

things or ideas usually expressed by nouns.

The speaker/writer may be referring to aspecific thing or idea, or a general one.


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The Definite Article

The

We use THE to refer to something specific that we know about or is

unique I went to THE supermarket near my house.

Look at THE moon!

Could you shut thedoor? (Theres only one door in this room)

We use THE to refer to something that has been mentioned before.

Compare:

I bought a T-shirt and ajacket. THE T-shirts blue and The jackets black.


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For example:

I enjoyed participating in the volleyball

competition

The above sentence refers to aparticular

orspecific competition.

I enjoyed watching the show.

The sentence refers to aparticularorspecific show.


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Indefinite Articles:A andAn

The indefinite articles are used when we are referring to an unspecified

thing or quantity. We use them when we dont know which thing weretalking about.

We use a : before words that begin with consonants.

We use an : Before silent 'h ; before all words that begin with the vowelsa, e, i, o u

We use a/an + singular countable when we talk about a thing or person,but we do not say which thing or person we mean:

Is there a supermarket near here?

Hes a doctor.

The have a lovely flat.

We use a/an to refer to someone/something that has been mentionedbefore.

A car stopped outside our house. A man got out and went into a shop.


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For example :

The children are playing a game outdoors.

(It refers any game)

The artist is painting a picture.

(It refers to any picture)


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Indefinite article with uncountable

noun Uncountable nouns are nouns which are difficult or impossible to count.

They have no plural. You cannot say musics, bloods or excitements

Uncountable nouns include:

untouchable things (information, air)

things like liquids (milk, wine)

things which are too large or numerous to count (equipment, sand, wood)

Because these things cant be counted, singular articles like a or an shouldNOT be used to modify them. Uncountable nouns can be modified by

words like some, any, much, etc. a music an excitement a blood

N.B. Depending on the context, some nouns can be countable oruncountable (e.g. hair, noise, time)


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Indefinite article with countable noun

Countable nouns are things we can count. We can make them plural

two dogs many suggestions some girls

We often use a/an + noun when we say what something/someone is like:

A dog is an animal.

Tom is a very nice person.

We use a/an for jobs.

Toms father is a doctor.

I wouldnt like to be an English teacher.

We have to use some when we mean some,but not all/not many

Some children learn very quickly. (but not all children)


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Special uses of articles

We use a/an

To mean one with fractions and large number: one and a half hours; a

thousand people

To mean eachorper : $2 a kilo; 50km an hour ; twice a week

With some illnesses, especially one that arent serious: a cold;a headache


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We use the with the names of:

Countries that are plural or include the words Kingdom, Republic,

etc:

the Netherlands the USA the United Kingdom the Czech Republic

Seas, oceans, rivers, deserts, areas and groups of mountains:

the North Sea the Pacific the Thames the Sahara the North

Newspapers: The Times The Daily News

Some important buildings, hotels, theatres, cinemas and museums:

the White House the Houses of Parliament the Sheraton

With surnames, when we are talking about more than one member

of family:

Do you knowthe Smiths?


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We do not use an article with:

The names of people:

Is Tim coming with us?

Continents and most countries, cities, towns and states

Africa Europe Madrid Japan London

Mountains and lakes: Mount Everest Lake Victoria Streets, squares and parks: Oxford Street Central Square Hyde Park

Most shops and restaurants: Harrods McDonalds Pizza Hut

Some magazines: Time Hello Cosmopolitan

Games, sports, school subjects and languages:

Do you play chess ? I like basketball. Im studying History.

Meals: Have you had lunch yet?

Some ilnesses, especially serious ones: Shes got diabetes/ cancer/


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Quiz! Its your turn!

Use a, an or the in each sentence.

Ismail spoke to _______ woman who had waved to him (a / the)

My mother bought me _____ expensive watch (a / an)

Cheryl borrowed _____ book from the library.(a / an)

Ali wore _____ new uniform to school. (a / an)

Did you see _____ new car which my father bought? (the/a)

Kiran is ____ Indian girl. (a / an)

Singapore lies quite near to ____ equator. (the / an)

Liying has travelled across _____ Atlantic Ocean. (an /the)


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