ELECTROCHEMISTRY CHAPTER6

ELECTROLYTE

NON ELECTROLYT

EFREE

MOVING ION CONCEPT

EXPERIMENT

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ELECTROLYTES

A substance which dissociates freely moving ions when dissolved in water or molten, to produce an electrically conductive medium

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NON - ELECTROLYTES

A compound which is not able to produce an electrically conductive

medium when the substance is dissolved in water or molten

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EXPERIMENT

Aim : To classify substance into electrolytes and non-electrolytes

Materials: Solid lead (II) bromide, acetamide, naphthalene, sodium hydroxide solution, glucose solution and copper (II) sulphate solution. Apparatus : Batteries, bulb, switch, connecting wires with crocodile clips, carbon electrodes with holders, crucible, 100 cm3 beaker, Bunsen burner, tripod stand, and pipe-clay triangle.

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Procedure A Molten substance

1. Fill a crucible with solid lead(II) bromide, PbBr2

2. Set up the apparatus as shown in Figure.1.

3. Heat the solids lead(II) bromide, PbBr2

4. until it is completely molted.5. Turn on the switch6. Record your observations in your Chemistry

notebook7. Repeat steps 1 to 5, replacing the solid lead(II)

bromide, PbBr2 with acetamide, CH3CoNH2 and naphtalene, C10H8

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FIGURE 1

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(B) Aqueous Solution

1. Pour 20cm3 of sodium hydroxide, NaOH solution into the beaker.

2. Set up the apparatus as shown in Figure 23. Turn on the switch4. Record your observation in your Chemistry

Notebook5. Repeat steps 1 to , replacing the Sodium

hydroxide NaOH solution with sugar solution followed by Copper(II) Sulphate, CuSO4

solution.

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FIGURE 2

Results:

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animation

Substance Does The bulb Light Up?

Any Changes at the electrodes?

Solid lead (II) bromide Yes Yesacetamide No Nonapthalena No NoSodium hydroxide solution

Yes Yes

Glucose solution No NoCopper (II) sulphate solution

Yes Yes

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Discussion:

1. Molten lead(II) bromide, sodium hydroxide solution and copper(II) sulphate solution can conduct electricity. This is because they contain free mobile ions which can carry the electric current.

2. The charges at the electrodes show that these substances are decomposed when the electrification. This is because they do not contain ions, but are made up of molecules which cannot carry the electric current.

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3. Molten acetamide, molten naphthalene and glucose solution cannot conduct electricity. This is because they do not contain ions, but are made up of molecules which cannot carry the electric current.

Conclusion:

Molten lead(II) bromide, sodium hydroxide solution and copper(II) sulphate solution are electrolytes whereas molten acetamide, molten naphtalene and glucose solution are non-electrolytes.

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+ -Batteries

What made the bulb lighting?

Please notice what happen to the bulb

Switch bulb

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+ -Batteries

Because of the concept : free moving ion

bulbSwitch

SUMMARY

WE HAVE LEARNED:

THE MEANING OF ELECTROLYTE AND NON ELECTROLYTE

TO CLASSIFY THE SOLUTION WHETHER ELECTROLYTE OR NON ELECTROLYTE

THE CONCEPT OF FREE MOVING ION

Prepared By:

Nazira Binti Zulkiplly D20041018535

Nik Nor Atikah Binti Nik Ab Rashid D20041018540

Group D2