Present Tenses
1
PRESENT CONTINUOUS Form: With the present tense of TO BE + the present participle (-ING form). I am working I am not working Am I working Am I not working? I’m working I’m not working Am I working Aren’t I working?** -Verbs ending in single –e , it is dropped and we add –ing. Live, living hate, hating argue, arguing BUT dye/die, dying agree, agreeing see, seeing -Verbs with one syllable, one vowel a final consonant (3*1), this is doubled before – ing. Sit, sitting stop, stopping BUT start, starting feel, feeling -Verbs with 2 or more syllables with a final vowel and consonant, this is double if the stresss falls on the last syllable. Begin, beginning admit, admitting BUT enter, entering -A final - l after a single vowel is always doubled in British English travel, travelling level, levelling BUT feel, feeling travel, travelling USAGE: A) For an action happening now: Look! That boy is eating your sandwhich! B) Or about this time but not exactly now: I’m learning Russian at school this year. C) For future arrangements with a time expression: Tomorrow I’m playing basket with my son. D) With ALWAYS for actions happening too frequently : She is always watching TV until late . E) These verbs are NOT normally used in this tense: - Verbs of senses for involuntary actions: feel, hear, see, smell, observe… - Verbs of feelings and emotions : adore, appreciate, desire, detest, fear, hate, like, love - Of mental activity: agree, believe, expect, feel, forget, know, mean, realize, remember.. - Of possession : belong, owe, own, possess . -The auxiliaries, except Be & Have in certain uses. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE Form: The same as the infinitive without TO. It adds an -S for the third person singular. I work you work he works we/you/they work The negative and interrogative are formed with the auxiliaries do & does. I do not work He does not work Do you work? Does she work? - Verbs ending in ss, sh, ch, x, o add –es for the third person singular She kisses He rushes He watches He boxes He goes She does - Verbs ending in y following a consonant, change it into –i and add -es She carries He cries but… He says She plays USAGE: A) For habitual actions and routines: I watch the news after lunch every day B) For general truths: Birds fly Cats like milk C) It is often used with an adverb of frequency: Never, sometimes, scarcely, always, twice a year… I always have white coffee for breakfast We never go to school on Sunday D) With the verb Say when we are quoting from a book, letter, etc. What does the recipe say? It says ‘Boil in water for twenty minutes’ E) For future planned actions, series of actions (journeys) and timetables We leave Valencia tomorrow at 8 and arrive in London at 10.30. We go to the hotel… The train leaves at 7.15. F) In conditional sentences, type I; time clauses; with verbs which cannot be used in continuous forms, for dramatic narrative, etc.
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Transcript of Present Tenses
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Form: With the present tense of TO BE + the present participle (-ING form). I am working I am not working Am I working Am I not working? I’m working I’m not working Am I working Aren’t I working?** -Verbs ending in single –e, it is dropped and we add –ing. Live, living hate, hating argue, arguing BUT dye/die, dying agree, agreeing see, seeing -Verbs with one syllable, one vowel a final consonant (3*1), this is doubled before –ing. Sit, sitting stop, stopping BUT start, starting feel, feeling -Verbs with 2 or more syllables with a final vowel and consonant, this is double if the stresss falls on the last syllable. Begin, beginning admit, admitting BUT enter, entering -A final -l after a single vowel is always doubled in British English travel, travelling level, levelling BUT feel, feeling travel, travelling
USAGE: A) For an action happening now: Look! That boy is eating your sandwhich!
B) Or about this time but not exactly now: I’m learning Russian at school this year.
C) For future arrangements with a time expression: Tomorrow I’m playing basket with my son.
D) With ALWAYS for actions happening too frequently: She is always watching TV until late.
E) These verbs are NOT normally used in this tense:
- Verbs of senses for involuntary actions: feel, hear, see, smell, observe… - Verbs of feelings and emotions : adore, appreciate, desire, detest, fear, hate, like, love - Of mental activity: agree, believe, expect, feel, forget, know, mean, realize, remember.. - Of possession: belong, owe, own, possess. -The auxiliaries, except Be & Have in certain uses.
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
Form: The same as the infinitive without TO. It adds an -S for the third person singular. I work you work he works we/you/they work The negative and interrogative are formed with the auxiliaries do & does.
I do not work He does not work Do you work? Does she work? - Verbs ending in ss, sh, ch, x, o add –es for the third person singular She kisses He rushes He watches He boxes He goes She does - Verbs ending in y following a consonant, change it into –i and add -es She carries He cries but… He says She plays
USAGE: A) For habitual actions and routines: I watch the news after lunch every day
B) For general truths: Birds fly Cats like milk
C) It is often used with an adverb of frequency: Never, sometimes, scarcely, always, twice a year… I always have white coffee for breakfast We never go to school on Sunday
D) With the verb Say when we are quoting from a book, letter, etc. What does the recipe say? It says ‘Boil in water for twenty minutes’
E) For future planned actions, series of actions (journeys) and timetables We leave Valencia tomorrow at 8 and arrive in London at 10.30. We go to the hotel… The train leaves at 7.15.
F) In conditional sentences, type I; time clauses; with verbs which cannot be used in continuous forms, for dramatic narrative, etc.
