I HAVE LIVED IN LIMA ALL MY LIFE

MISS: TOLEDO ROJAS, CYNTHIA

Grammar: Present Perfect:The present perfect relates the past with the present.It is used:To express unfinished past, for an event which began in the past and is still going on now:

I HAVE LIVED IN LIMA ALL MY LIFE

The action began in the past

continue in the present

1969 2015

*It is used:To express experience, its an event which happened at an indefinite time in the past.I HAVE VISITED MACHUCPICCHU TWICE IN MY LIFE

THE ACTION HAPPENEDIN THE PAST. WE DONT KNOW WHEN OR WERE NOT INTERESED IN WHEN

PAST PRESENT

1969 1999 2000 2015.

*It is used:To express the present result of a past event; that even is finished but still affects the present.

Albert has broken his leg, so he cant play soccer.

The action happened in the past.But the consequence or result can be seen in the present.

results in the present

PAST NOW 1969 2013

SUBJECT + HAVE / HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE + C.

AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES:I have worked here since 2007.

You have worked there since last january.

He has worked in the bank for 3 years.

Alexandra has worked as a secretary since she came from Argentina.

The building has been pulled down.

AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES:We have just finished our homework.

They have been in the yard since 3 pm.

I have been in Europe.

NEGATIVE SENTENCES:Ramon has not lived in the city

Layla hasnt finished her career.

The children have not played soccer in the satdium.

I havent seen her since I left school.

QUESTIONS AND SHORT ANSWERS::Have you gone to the beach in winter?

Yes, I have.

Have we bought carrots?

No, we havent

QUESTIONS AND SHORT ANSWERS::What has Anthony bought?

He has bought a new car.

CONTRACTIONS

I HAVE = IVEHAVE NOT = HAVENTSHE HAS = SHESHAS NOT = HASNT

HAVE YOU EVER EATEN SNAILS?

HAVE YOU LISTENED TO NSYNC?

HAVE YOU TRAVELED TO EGYPT?

HAVE YOU TRAVELED BY TRAIN?

HAVE YOU GONNE TO THE BEACH IN WINTER?

THE PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE - FORMSuj +have/has+verb+compl.

Suj + have/has + not + verb + compl.

Have/has + suj + verb + compl.?

- El Present Perfect Simple se usa paradescribir una accin que ocurri en unmomento pasado pero no se indica cundo.

Ive passed all my examsMan has been to the moon

- Utilizamos el present perfect simple paradescribir acciones que ocurrieron en el pasadopero que tienen cierta relacin con el presente.

Hes seen the film three times so far

EVER and NEVEREVER se usa principalmente en preguntas, secoloca entre el verbo auxiliar y el principal y setraduce por alguna vez.Have you ever seen an elephant?

NEVER se usa en oraciones negativas con elverbo en forma afirmativa, se coloca entre elverbo auxiliar y el principal y se traduce pornunca.Ive never been to Argentina

JUSTAl emplear el present perfect para describir una accin que acaba de ocurrir en un pasado inmediato utilizamos la palabra JUST para sealar esta inmediatez. Siempre se coloca entre el verbo auxiliar y el principal. Es conveniente destacar que esta construccin se traduce en espaol por acabar de + infinitivo.He has just phoned me to say hell be lateThey have just received the results of the test

FOR and SINCEFOR y SINCE son las partculas que acompaan ms frecuentemente al PresentPerfect. Se emplean para indicar que el Present Perfect describe una accin que empez en el pasado y que ha continuado hasta el momento presente. Tanto FOR como SINCE responden a lapregunta HOW LONG?

FOR indica la duracin o extensin de laaccin. Es frecuente traducirla por duranteO desde hace.

How long has she lived here? She has lived here for 10 years.

SINCE indica el momento en el cual comenz la accin. Se suele traducir por desde.

She has lived here since last spring.