the importance of a healthy respiratory system

Name : Tan Li Yingclass:3K2Teacher : Cik Raja Shahrina

table of contents Introduction**why are lungs so important? Substances harmful to the respiratory system The effect of harmful substances on

the respiratory system Disease of the respiratory system Way to improve air quality**improve indoor air quality**improve outdoor air quality conclusion

Why Are Lungs so Important? Answer Lungs are important because they

supply oxygen to body cells and release carbon dioxide to the atmosphere

Substances harmful to the respiratory system The quality of air can have significant effects

on our respiratory system As air moves into our lungs ,harmful

substances in the air may enter too. These harmful substances can cause disease or even death

Air pollutants include smoke of cigarettes , gases from the industries ,exhaust of engine and haze

Substances harmful to the respiratory system

Air pollutant Harmful substancesCigarette smoke Nicotine , TarGases from factories Sulphur dioxide ,Nitrogen

dioxideExhaust fumes Carbon monoxideHaze Smoke, Dust

Cigarette smoke Gases from factories

Exhaust fumes Haze

The effect of harmful substances onthe respiratory system

Nicotine Nicotine is a drug that causes addiction to cigarette smoking Nicotine causes rapid heartbeat , increased blood pressure

and rapid breathing The disease related

Tar

Tar contains carcinogens (substances that cause cancer)

Tar also irritates the respiratory tract , causing smoker’s cough

Sulphur dioxide Exposure to sulphur dioxide can cause the irritation of

the respiratory system It can cause temporary or permanent damage to the

lungsCarbon monoxide Carbon monoxide combines with haemoglobin in the blood

faster than oxygen can , hence it is poisonous gas which cause suffocation

-- Low concentration of carbon monoxide can cause dizziness , headache and fatigue whereas high concentration can fatal-- Particular matter (fine particles in the air) Continuous exposure to particulate matter causes coughing ,

nasal congestion , watery nose , constant sneezing and chest pain

Those who are very likely to be affected by haze are children , the elderly and people with illness like asthma , bronchitis and pneumonia

Disease of the respiratory system

asthma Heart disease

Asthma This disease is caused by the narrowing of the fine

airways ( bronchi and bronchioles) due to the contraction of sensitivity to air pollutants including smoke

A patient will find it different to breathe , wheezing and feeling tightness in the chest

Heart disease Nicotine raises the blood pressure and increase

the level of “bad” cholesterol in the blood This makes a smoker more likely to suffer from a

stroke or a heart attack

bronchitis

bronchitis Chronic brochitis can be defined as a condition

characterized by recurrent or chronic cough every day over a period of several months

This disease is caused by the inflammation of the lining of the bronchioles . This may be due to infection by bacteria or viruses , or chemicals such as those found in tobacco smoke

Smokers cough is an early sign of chronic bronchitis In severe cases,the patient may turn blue which is

specially noticeable at the lips and fingers due to poor oxygenation of blood

Lung cancer

Lung cancer This disease is caused by a change in the cells inside

the lungs such that they divide out of control and produce lumps of cells (tumours).Which interfere with the normal functions of the lungs

90% of lung cancer patients have been heavy smokers The risk of developing this disease is directly related to

the amount of tar that gets into the lungs Lung cancer may not have any symptoms.when it is

detected , the cancer cells may have spread from the lungs to other organs

Emphysema

Emphysema Emphysema is a condition in which the

structure of the alveoli is broken down by coughing . This reduces the surface area for gas exchange

Way to improve air quality

Improving indoor air quality Avoid smoking indoors Make sure there is a steady supply of

fresh air Minimize air conditioning use Keep carpets and floor dust free Maintain a low humidity to prevent

mould growth

Improving outdoor air quality Avoid open burning of leaves and trash Do not allow cars or other motor vehicles idle

for more than a minute Walk , ride a bicycle , car pool or use public

transportation Keep the motor vehicle well maintained and

use a fuel --- efficient vehicle Reduce , reuse and recycle waste materials Implement laws and regulations to control air

pollution

Conclusion As conclusion we should not smoke .It

because smoking can harm our health and respiratory system .Besides, activities of open burning must be solve and we also must reduce build factories to improve the quality of air for the benefit of mankind