Prescription Pharmacy

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PRESRIPTION PHARMACYPRESRIPTION PHARMACYPHRM 210PHRM 210


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Prescriptions have been

in use since ancienttimes.

Latin adopted as

standard language

Rx= prescription

Sig.= directions

Classification of medicines

Prescription (legend) medicine

Medicines that requires a prescription fordispense is known as prescription medicine.

Medicine that can be used safely onlywith a doctors written permission

Prescription medicine is consideredpotentially harmful, if not used under the

supervision of a licensed health carepractitioner.

History


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The prescription actually means a writtenorder by an authorized medical practitionerdirecting the pharmacists to compound anddispense drugs for a patient quantities specifiedtherein.

Definition of prescription

Awritten direction from a doctor, dentist,or veterinary surgeon for the preparation and

administration of a remedy.

Asummary of the diagnosis, prognosis,and treatment plan for a patients illness.

Prescription is a legal document.

Prescriptions can be written or verbal(telephone pharmacy) except for abusepotential drugs like morphine, codeine,bromazepam etc.


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Components of a prescription

1. Patients name, age, sex and addressPharmacist needs this information.

Name, age, sex, and address of the patientmust be written on the prescription.

2. DateThe date on the prescription helps a

pharmacist to find out the cases whereprescription is brought for dispensing long timeafter its issue. Prescriptions containing narcoticor other habit forming drugs must bear thedate.

3. SuperscriptionIt is represented by a symbol Rx

Rx= recipere, Latin for take thou Denotes paper is a prescription.

Literally, "Rx" indicates an instruction "to take"what is specified in the prescription.


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4. InscriptionIt contains the names and quantities of

the prescribed ingredients. It is divided into

three parts: The base or the active medicament

which is needed to produce therapeutic effect. The adjuvantwhich is included either

to enhance the action of medicament or to

make the product more palatable. The vehicle which is either used to

dissolve the solid substances and or to increasethe volume of the preparation for ease ofadministration.

5. SubscriptionThis part of the prescription contains the

prescribers directions to the pharmacistregarding the dosage form to be prepared andnumber of doses to be dispensed.

This contains:

The method of administration or application.

The dose, if the preparation for internal use.

The time of administration or application.


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7. The prescribers signature, address andregistration number

All the parts of the prescription may beprinted or type-written but the prescribersname must be hand written and should besigned with ink.

The vehicle, the means of application (eg. A

brush).

The part of the body to which the preparation

to be applied, if for external use.

6. Signatura

It usually abbreviated as Sig on the

prescriptions and consists of the directions to be

given to the patient regarding theadministration of the drug. These instructions

must be transferred to the label of the container

in which the medicine is to dispensed. The

instructions may include-- The quantity to be taken or amount to be used.

- The route of administration.

- The special instruction-dilution direction.

- The frequency and timing of administration or

application.


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An example of a typical prescription


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Handling of a prescription

i. Receivingii. Reading and checking

iii. Collecting the materialsiv. Weighingv. Compoundingvi. Finishing

Receiving:

The prescription should be received form

the patient by the pharmacist himself or herself.

Under no circumstances an unauthorized person

should try to receive or read the prescription.

Reading and checking:Abrief examination of each prescription

should be made immediately upon receiving itform the patient. This will tell the pharmacist-

About the nature of the dosage form to beprepared and

Time required for preparing it.

Every prescription should be read andunderstood completely before compounding it.


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Every word & abbreviation must be interpreted

correctly. He or she should never guess about

the meaning of an illegible or confusing word. It

may lead to serious consequences. If there isany doubt he or she should consult the fellow

pharmacists or the prescriber.

Collecting and weighing the materials:

Materials to be used in compounding the

prescription should be collected on the left hand

side of the balance and arrange in the order in

which they are to be mixed. The materials,

which are weighed, should be shifted to right

hand side of the balance. This gives amechanical check of ingredients, which has

been weighed.

The label on every stock bottle should be

read at least three times: When taken from the shelf or drawer.

When the contents are removed for weighing

or measuring.

When the containers are returned back to its

proper place.


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Compounding:

This is the most important phase in

handling the prescription. In this case proper

drug is dispensed in a suitable form. This canbe achieved only if accuracy, cleanliness and

proper techniques are observed in the

preparation of any medication. Only one

prescription should be compounded at one time.

Finishing:

The compounded medicaments should

be filled in suitable containers depending on the

quantity of medication to be dispensed and the

method of its use.

The following information should be

written on all labels:

- Name of the prescription

- Name of the patient, age and sex- Registration number

- Date of dispensing

- Directions for its use

- Expiry date, if any

- Storage conditions

- Name and address of the pharmacy


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Prescriptions can be written inEnglish or with Latin abbreviations


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qd or od = every day

qod = every other day

bid = twice daily

tid = thrice daily

qid = four times/day

ac = before meals pc = after meals

hs or qhs = at bedtime

disp = dispense

prn = as needed

po = by mouth (orally)

IV = intravenous

IV push or bolus = at one time

IV infusion = infuse over time

IM = intramuscular stat = immediately

sq or sc = subcutaneous

Sig. = signa or signetur - label or write orlet it be labeled = directions for use

Common abbreviations in prescriptionwriting

Prescription Pharmacy

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