Preparing Good PPTs

8/3/2019 Preparing Good PPTs

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In the last monthPresentations

How manypresentations were

good?


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ContentSlides

Presenter

Presentation


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Great Content:

bad Slides will not damage the presentation...

Bad content:

great Slides cannot improve bad Content!(Osterwalder A, 2006)


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Content


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Know standard of the audience.-Do they have a background like yours?-Dont assume the audience will all be experts.

-Never underestimate your audience!

Time allotted to you.


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New information

Novel discovery

Answers an interesting question

Describes important ideasConcise& to the point


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Slides1. Outline slide

2. Layout

3. Structure

4. Animation

5. Bullets

6. Fonts

7. Color

8. Illustrations9. Graphs10. Video clips

11. Audio clips12. Spelling& Grammar

13. Conclusion

14. Questions


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The slides should enhance thepresentation, not be the presentation(Compton K, 2002)

Goals:

Convey the necessary information Be readable/understandable

Be interesting (enough)

Avoid: Over stimulation Boring


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1. Outline slide

Start with

Main points

Follow the order of your outline forthe rest of the presentation


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2. Layout

Simple but attractive

The same layout


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Avoid backgrounds that are distracting or

difficult to read from


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3. Structure

Write in point form (Bullets). DO NOT usesentences or paragraphs.

Avoid wordiness: use key words& phrases

Simple image on every slide.

Balance of Slide Elements: text, graphics

{You want the audience to focus on what you

present, not the way you present}.


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Bad

This page contains too many wordsfor a presentation slide. It is notwritten in point form, making it

difficult both for your audience toread and for you to present eachpoint. Although there are exactly thesame number of points on this slide

as the previous slide, it looks muchmore complicated. In short, youraudience will spend too much timetrying to read this paragraph insteadof listening to you.


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4. Animation

Show one point at a time: Audience concentrate on what you are

saying Prevent audience from reading ahead

keep your presentation focused


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Use the Slide show - animations -custom-

option

Same animation

Simple "Wipe Left-to-Right" is good

Do not use:Distracting animation

Move" or "Fly" {too tedious& slow}

(used in many presentations today).


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5.Bullets 3-6 bullets/ slide

4 if large title, logo, picture

Each bullet 1 line, 2 at themost.

This is known as cueing

cue the audience inwhat you are going to

say. This gives the audience a

framework to build upon.


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Crowded text: audience will not

read it. Reading speed does not match

listening speed:

confuse instead ofreinforcing each other.


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6. Fonts

Size: Title: at least 28-point.

Text: at least 18-point

References: 14-point

Different size for main points& secondary points

Text can be read from the back of the room.


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You are close to your monitor

Your audience is far from the screen

Tahoma

32 pt

28 pt24 pt20 pt18 pt16 pt14 pt12 pt10 pt

TNR

32 pt

28 pt24 pt20 pt

18 pt

16 pt14 pt12 pt10 pt

Courier

32 pt

28 pt24 pt20 pt

18 pt

16 pt

14 pt

12 pt

10 pt

Comic

32 pt



Lucida San

32 pt

28 pt24 pt20 pt18 pt16 pt14 pt12 pt10 pt


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-Type

Main font: same2 complementary fonts: Arial& Arial Bold.

Serif font:

e. g. Times New Roman

Used in documents filled with lots of text.

{Easier to read at small sizes}


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San-serif fonts

ArialAvoid: Script orOld English

Use a standard font: Times New Roman or

Arial.Roman& Gothic are easier to read


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- Caps

Do not use all capital letters Makes text hard to read

Conceals acronyms

Denies their use for emphasis

-Italics Used to highlight thoughts or ideas

Used for:

quotes, book, journal, or magazinetitles


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Bad

If you use a small font, your audience wont be able to read what you havewritten

CAPITALIZE ONLY WHEN NECESSARY.

IT IS DIFFICULT TO READ

Dont use a complicated font


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7. Color

Use color to:

Reinforce the logic of your structure

Emphasize a point(occasionally)

Font color that does not contrastwith the background is hard to

read


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Colors:

I.Cool:

blue& green

best for backgrounds {appear to recede away from

us into the background}.

II. Warm:

orange& red.

best for objects in the foreground (such as text)

{appear to be coming at us}.


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The Color Wheel Harmonizing: Adjacent colors

e.g. Green& Yellow

Contrasting=Complementary:

separated by another color

Clashing: Colors that are

directly opposite

e.g. yellow on blue.


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Reds& oranges :

high-energy but difficult to stayfocused on.

Greens, blues, and browns :

mellower, but not as attentiongrabbing.

Color font that contrasts sharply with the

backgroundblue font on white background

Yellow font on blue background


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Avoidcolorfordecoration{distracting& annoying}.Different color for each pointDifferent color for secondary pointsRed-green combinations {7 % of populationare red-green colorblind}

Glaring colors

White font on Light Green, Light Blue or Pale

Yellow background

Usually cant read this


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Dark room

white or light font on dark background(dark blue, grey, etc.).

Good light Rooms: (which is highly

advisable)

Black or dark font on white background

C l B d


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Lots of people cant read this

and even if they could, it makes your eyes hurt.

Colour - Bad


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8. Illustrations

Diagrams are great communicators (Well-drawn) pictures easier to

understand

Use only when needed, otherwise theybecome distracters instead of

communicators

They should relate to the message&help make a point


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9. Graphs

Use graphs:

Data in graphs is easier to comprehend &

retain than is raw data

Trends are easier to visualize in graphs

Graphs& figures:

large

Title

High-quality


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Types

Pie Charts.Used to show percentages.

Limit the slices to 4-6

contrast the most important slice either with coloror by exploding the slice.


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Vertical Bar Charts.

Used to show changes in quantity over time.Limit the bars to 4-8

Horizontal Bar Charts.

Used to compare quantities.


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Line Charts.

Used to demonstrate trends.Tables

Good for side-by-side comparisons of

quantitative data.

lacks impact on a visceral level.


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Graphs - Good


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Graphs - Bad

20.4

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90

20.4

30.6

38.6

34.631.6

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

January February March April

Blue Balls

Red Balls


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Graphs - Bad

Minor gridlines are unnecessary

Font is too small

Colors are illogical

Title is missing

Shading is distracting


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Pick A Line, Any Line

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

Series1

Series2


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10. Video clipsTo show concrete examples

promote active cognitive processing,

{this natural way people learn}.Illustrate your point better

Increase the interest of audience.


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11. Audio clipsAs interviews.Avoid

-Cheesy sound effects (sound of a horn or

clapping when transitioning slides).-Extra sound effects attached to animations

{lose credibility with your audience}.


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12. Spelling& Grammar

Checked

If English is not your first language:

pls have someone else check yourpresentation


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13. Conclusion

Effective& strong Your audience is likely to remember your last

words

Conclusion slides: Bring people back if they zoned out

Summarize the main points of presentation

Suggest future research


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14. Questions??

Avoid ending presentationabruptly

End with a simple questionslide to:

Invite audience to ask questions

Provide a visual aid duringquestion period


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PresenterBefore

At the start

During

At the end


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Before the talk: Practice in front of friends or using a video

camera& timer Take criticism as constructive, not personally

Make changes well in advance

Know YourLocationCheck the podium& AV equipment

How far is audience from screen?

Do you need a laser pointer?


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At the start of the talk:

Thank the sponsor, panel Start using an emotionally competent stimulus

Story

Question

Anecdote

Application


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During the Talk: Do not read your notes word for

word!-Its called a presentation & not a

reading of your work

-Reading a slide is annoying-Do not read your slides like a script-You should not simply be a text-to-

speech converter.


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Do not use the media to hide you

Face the audience, not the screen

Make eye contact

Dont pace up& down but also dont

stand rigid


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Are you hiding behind the podium?

Are your hands/face motionless?

Are you staringat your advisor/boss?

at your laptop?

at the screen?at the ceiling?

Is your back to the audience?

IF SO youre probably BORING!Dead Man Talking


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Spend between 30sec- 2min/slide

Sometimes nerves make for fast talking

Calm down.

[Its not a race

People need time to absorb information}


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Not exceed your allotted time

You were poorly prepared

Have bad manners

If youre running late:

skip

Dont just talk faster!


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Do be enthusiastic

Are you interested in your topic?

If no, get a different one! If yes, act like it

If you arent excited

Cant expect other people to be!


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Vary the tone of your voice, Vary your tempo,

volume, gestures

Microphone at middle of your chestNot 2mm from your mouth

Modulate your voice evenly

If not using a mic project your voice!


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Dont wave your pointer all over the slide

Do not point at everything

{Not everything is equally important}

Dont point with your middle finger


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Orient the audience:

Dont take lots of drinks {distracting&unprofessional}

Spend time on graphs, charts,

anatomyMemorize the outline

Memorize the concluding sentence

Be able to recover from interruptions


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Careful use of pause

When starting a major result

Raising a questionShowing a complicated fig

Avoid annoying mannerisms

Use of OKInterrupting yourself with I mean or you know


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At the end of the talkBe prepared to get questions!

Move towards the person who asked itRepeat or rephrase

What if I dont know the answer?

Know when to say I dont knowKnow how to say I dont know

Dont be uncomfortabl


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Close by thanking your audience

Plan to stay a while after talk

Audience may want to talk with you


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Conclusion

Good presentation= Goodcontent, slides& presenter


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Questions??


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Preparing Good PPTs

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