Preliminary Analysis of PM 2.5 Speciation Data in Puget Sound
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Working together for clean air
Preliminary Analysis of PM2.5 Speciation Data in Puget Sound
Puget Sound Clean Air AgencyMike Gilroy, Erik Saganic
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Overview
Site Introduction
Review of Speciation Parameters
Aethalometer Introduction
Aethalometer Data Analysis
Conclusions
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Network “Big Picture”
“Almost Pure” Wood Smoke Darrington Site
Marysville Wood Smoke North Site
Lake Forest Park Wood Smoke North Site
Olive Street Freeway Site
Duwamish Industrial Site
Beacon Hill Urban Background Site
South Tacoma Wood Smoke South Site
Blue Sites denote Speciation Network
Network Scope110 Miles
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Duwamish – Industrial Site
Olive Street – Highway Site
Beacon Hill – Residential Site
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South Tacoma – Woodsmoke Site
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Lake Forest Park – Residential Site
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Olive Street, Seattle – Mobile Source Site
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Duwamish, Seattle – Industrial Site
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South Tacoma Site – Wood Smoke/Residential Site
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Analytes by Site – 2006
Duwamish Olive Street Tacoma South L(56 samples) (34-35 samples) (56 samples)
Average (ug/m3) Average (ug/m3) Average (ug/m3)Potassium 0.086 0.056 0.1Sulfate 1.779 1.406 1.133Elemental Carbon 1.258 0.9 0.767Organic Carbon Blank Adjusted 2.941 2.68 3.479XRF - Aluminum 2.80E-02 1.41E-02 1.61E-02XRF - Calcium 2.11E-01 5.28E-02 2.81E-02XRF - Chlorine 1.58E-01 7.88E-02 1.89E-01XRF - Chromium 6.29E-03 1.48E-03 1.14E-03XRF - Copper 5.99E-03 7.51E-03 3.38E-03XRF - Iron 1.66E-01 1.38E-01 5.19E-02XRF - Lanthanum 1.86E-02 3.95E-03 3.00E-03XRF - Manganese 1.68E-02 2.94E-03 2.21E-03XRF - Nickel 4.28E-03 2.33E-03 1.38E-03XRF - Silicon 1.01E-01 6.86E-02 5.82E-02XRF - Strontium 2.31E-03 1.39E-03 1.74E-03XRF - Sulfur 6.17E-01 4.69E-01 4.03E-01XRF - Titanium 6.11E-03 4.76E-03 1.63E-03XRF - Vanadium 1.16E-02 6.68E-03 3.48E-03XRF - Zinc 1.86E-02 2.07E-02 1.08E-02
Analyte
Industrial Highway Wood Smoke
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Metal Concentrations at PSCAA Sites
0.0E+00
2.0E-03
4.0E-03
6.0E-03
8.0E-03
1.0E-02
1.2E-02
1.4E-02
1.6E-02
1.8E-02
2.0E-02
XRF - Chromium XRF - Lanthanum XRF - Manganese
Ana
lyte
Con
cent
ratio
n ( μ
g/m
3 )
Duwamish Olive Street Tacoma South L
Industrial Highway Wood Smoke
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2006 Annual Average Analyte Concentrations for 3 Sites
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Al Ca Cl Cr Cu Fe La Mn Ni Si Sr Ti V ZnAnalyte
μg/
m3
Duwamish Olive Street Tacoma South L
Industrial Highway Wood Smoke
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V vs. Ni Olive Street - Highway Site
n = 200, 1/3/03 - 9/2/06 y = 2.1284x + 0.001R2 = 0.8145
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Ni
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Highway Site
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V vs. Ni Duwamish - Industrial Site n = 249, 12/16/02 - 7/22/06 y = 1.8671x + 0.0019
R2 = 0.5364
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Ni
V
Industrial Site
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V vs. Ni South Tacoma - Residential Site
n = 60, 1/11/06 - 12/31/06y = 2.2161x + 0.0004
R2 = 0.6642
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0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025 0.03 0.035
Ni
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Wood Smoke Site
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V vs. Ni Lake Forest Park - Residential Site
n = 213, 10/22/01 - 12/18/05y = 2.2997x + 0.0004
R2 = 0.6725
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Ni
V
Wood Smoke Site
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V vs. Ni Correlations
Site Aerosol Type Slope R2
Olive Street Highway 2.13 0.82Duwamish Industrial 1.87 0.54South Tacoma Wood smoke 2.22 0.66Lake Forest Park Wood smoke 2.30 0.67
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2006 Annual Average Analyte Concentrations for 3 Sites
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Potassium Sulfate Elemental Carbon Organic Carbon Blank AdjustedAnalyte
μg/
m3
Duwamish Olive Street Tacoma South L
Industrial Highway Wood Smoke
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EC/OC Ratio vs. PM2.5All Sites within PSCAA Counties y = -0.0028x + 0.3631
R2 = 0.0215
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PM2.5
EC/O
C R
atio Beacon Hill
DuwamishLake Forest ParkSouth Tacoma
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Aethalometer Measurement
Magee Scientific
BC Channel 880 nm
UV Channel 370 nm
Sampling Hose
PM 2.5 Head @ 5 LPM
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BC Channel vs. ECDuwamish, n = 159 y = 1.2496x + 0.0841
R2 = 0.8761
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EC
BC
Industrial Site
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BC Channel vs. ECLake Forest Park, n = 96 y = 1.3118x + 0.137
R2 = 0.8623
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Wood Smoke Site
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UV Channel vs. OC Blank CorrectedDuwamish, n = 156 y = 0.3998x + 0.4362
R2 = 0.8505
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OC blank corr
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Industrial Site
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UV Channel vs. OC (blank corrected)Lake Forest Park, n = 95 y = 0.3571x + 0.2248
R2 = 0.7818
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OC
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Wood Smoke Site
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(UV – BC) vs. OC Industrial Site
UV - BC Channels vs. OC (blank corrected)Duwamish, n = 159
y = 0.0011x - 0.0873R2 = 0.0005
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OC
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(UV – BC) vs. OCUV - BC Channels vs. OC (blank corrected)
Lake Forest Park, n = 95 y = 0.0524x - 0.0414R2 = 0.4121
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Wood Smoke Site
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(UV – BC) Over Time"UV-BC" for Lake Forest Park and Duwamish
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11/03 1/04 3/04 5/04 7/04 9/04 11/04 1/05 3/05 5/05 7/05 9/05 11/05
Date
UV
- BC
Lake Forest Park Duwamish
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(UV – BC) Over Time(UV - BC) Over Time - 30 Sample Moving Average
-0.4
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10/1/05 12/1/05 2/1/06 4/1/06 6/1/06 8/1/06 10/1/06 12/1/06 2/1/07 4/1/07 6/1/07 8/1/07 10/1/07
Date
"UV
- BC
"
Darrington Duwamish Lake Forest Park
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Wind Roses – UV Channel
South Tacoma Duwamish
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Conclusions
We can use this data to better understand our emission sources
Using a suite of continuous monitors (FDMS, nephelometer, aethalometer, etc) is essential to enriching the understanding of the data
Rich data sets currently available
Continuous monitors like the Aethalometer can provide:
Real-time data Cheaper sampling More data Currently packaged in a few of our publicly available products